Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2026-97608

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-09-25 11:17 - Updated: 2026-09-25 15:18

Severity

7.0 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_log: unregister loggers before per-net teardown nf_log_syslog and nfnetlink_log unregister their per-network namespace operations before unregistering their global logger backends. This leaves a window where a sysctl or netlink writer can rebind the still- registered logger after the per-net pre-exit callback cleared the old selection. The race looks like this: CPU 0 CPU 1 ---- ---- unregister_pernet_subsys() nf_log_unset(net, logger) net->nf.nf_loggers[pf] = NULL lock nf_log_mutex find logger in loggers[][] net->nf.nf_loggers[pf] = logger unlock nf_log_mutex nf_log_unregister(logger) lock nf_log_mutex loggers[pf][type] = NULL unlock nf_log_mutex synchronize_rcu() module exit returns module core frees backend memory Later, a sysctl read or packet logging operation can dereference the stale per-net logger pointer. Fix this by unregistering the global logger backends before tearing down per-net state. Once the global registrations are gone, later writers can no longer rebind the logger. unregister_pernet_subsys() already waits for an RCU grace period after the pre-exit callback clears the per-net selection, while nf_log_unregister() continues to cover readers of the global logger table. Apply this ordering fix to both nf_log backends that combine per-net teardown with global logger registration.

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c018cc4842c33f0c732962e2ab58635e8ae5823
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64803ba0a05791cf9ca874466480e4c4cadaf7ab
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dce24f3a146948595bb1b86347f31e20b4975daa
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eaec35fae8f2052c1878a5c7cc7699d8357d79f2

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c",
            "net/netfilter/nfnetlink_log.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "eaec35fae8f2052c1878a5c7cc7699d8357d79f2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "64803ba0a05791cf9ca874466480e4c4cadaf7ab",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "dce24f3a146948595bb1b86347f31e20b4975daa",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2c018cc4842c33f0c732962e2ab58635e8ae5823",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c",
            "net/netfilter/nfnetlink_log.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.10"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.10",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.111",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.53",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.7",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3-rc3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_log: unregister loggers before per-net teardown\n\nnf_log_syslog and nfnetlink_log unregister their per-network namespace\noperations before unregistering their global logger backends. This\nleaves a window where a sysctl or netlink writer can rebind the still-\nregistered logger after the per-net pre-exit callback cleared the old\nselection.\n\nThe race looks like this:\n\n  CPU 0                                 CPU 1\n  ----                                  ----\n  unregister_pernet_subsys()\n    nf_log_unset(net, logger)\n      net-\u003enf.nf_loggers[pf] = NULL\n\n                                        lock nf_log_mutex\n                                        find logger in loggers[][]\n                                        net-\u003enf.nf_loggers[pf] = logger\n                                        unlock nf_log_mutex\n\n  nf_log_unregister(logger)\n    lock nf_log_mutex\n    loggers[pf][type] = NULL\n    unlock nf_log_mutex\n    synchronize_rcu()\n  module exit returns\n  module core frees backend memory\n\nLater, a sysctl read or packet logging operation can dereference the\nstale per-net logger pointer.\n\nFix this by unregistering the global logger backends before tearing down\nper-net state. Once the global registrations are gone, later writers can\nno longer rebind the logger. unregister_pernet_subsys() already waits\nfor an RCU grace period after the pre-exit callback clears the per-net\nselection, while nf_log_unregister() continues to cover readers of the\nglobal logger table.\n\nApply this ordering fix to both nf_log backends that combine per-net\nteardown with global logger registration."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-97608",
  "lastModified": "2026-09-25T15:18:01.110",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.0,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.0,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-09-25T11:17:14.870",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c018cc4842c33f0c732962e2ab58635e8ae5823"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64803ba0a05791cf9ca874466480e4c4cadaf7ab"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dce24f3a146948595bb1b86347f31e20b4975daa"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eaec35fae8f2052c1878a5c7cc7699d8357d79f2"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Received"
}

CVE-2026-97608 (GCVE-0-2026-97608)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 10:22 – Updated: 2026-09-25 14:41

Title

netfilter: nf_log: unregister loggers before per-net teardown

Summary

Severity

7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eaec35fae8f2052c1…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64803ba0a05791cf9…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dce24f3a146948595…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c018cc4842c33f0c…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e , < eaec35fae8f2052c1878a5c7cc7699d8357d79f2 (git) Affected: 5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e , < 64803ba0a05791cf9ca874466480e4c4cadaf7ab (git) Affected: 5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e , < dce24f3a146948595bb1b86347f31e20b4975daa (git) Affected: 5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e , < 2c018cc4842c33f0c732962e2ab58635e8ae5823 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 3.10 Unaffected: 0 , < 3.10 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.111 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.53 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2.7 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.3-rc3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c",
            "net/netfilter/nfnetlink_log.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "eaec35fae8f2052c1878a5c7cc7699d8357d79f2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "64803ba0a05791cf9ca874466480e4c4cadaf7ab",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "dce24f3a146948595bb1b86347f31e20b4975daa",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2c018cc4842c33f0c732962e2ab58635e8ae5823",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5b023fc8d8e0997e0b7ea6506d243afd5478c96e",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/netfilter/nf_log_syslog.c",
            "net/netfilter/nfnetlink_log.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.10"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.10",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.111",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.53",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.7",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3-rc3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.111",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.53",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.7",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3-rc3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_log: unregister loggers before per-net teardown\n\nnf_log_syslog and nfnetlink_log unregister their per-network namespace\noperations before unregistering their global logger backends. This\nleaves a window where a sysctl or netlink writer can rebind the still-\nregistered logger after the per-net pre-exit callback cleared the old\nselection.\n\nThe race looks like this:\n\n  CPU 0                                 CPU 1\n  ----                                  ----\n  unregister_pernet_subsys()\n    nf_log_unset(net, logger)\n      net-\u003enf.nf_loggers[pf] = NULL\n\n                                        lock nf_log_mutex\n                                        find logger in loggers[][]\n                                        net-\u003enf.nf_loggers[pf] = logger\n                                        unlock nf_log_mutex\n\n  nf_log_unregister(logger)\n    lock nf_log_mutex\n    loggers[pf][type] = NULL\n    unlock nf_log_mutex\n    synchronize_rcu()\n  module exit returns\n  module core frees backend memory\n\nLater, a sysctl read or packet logging operation can dereference the\nstale per-net logger pointer.\n\nFix this by unregistering the global logger backends before tearing down\nper-net state. Once the global registrations are gone, later writers can\nno longer rebind the logger. unregister_pernet_subsys() already waits\nfor an RCU grace period after the pre-exit callback clears the per-net\nselection, while nf_log_unregister() continues to cover readers of the\nglobal logger table.\n\nApply this ordering fix to both nf_log backends that combine per-net\nteardown with global logger registration."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Both sides of the race are local. One is module exit (nf_log_syslog_exit or nfnetlink_log_fini through delete_module). The other is a write to the net.netfilter.nf_log.\u003cpf\u003e sysctl, handled by nf_log_proc_dostring(), or an NFULNL_CFG_CMD_PF_BIND message over nfnetlink. No remote peer supplies anything that causes the stale nf_loggers[] pointer.\nAC:H - The attacker controls the rebind side, but the other side is a module unload that needs init-namespace CAP_SYS_MODULE. The attacker cannot make it happen. They must win the short window between nf_log_unset() in the per-net pre-exit and nf_log_unregister() while an admin unloads the module.\nPR:L - nf_log_proc_dostring() rebinds net-\u003enf.nf_loggers[pf] from the per-netns sysctl, which is writable in a non-init netns. The nfnetlink PF_BIND path only checks netlink_net_capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN). So user namespaces (unshare -Urn) are enough for the attacker\u0027s side.\nUI:N - No victim action on attacker-supplied content is needed. The module unload is an admin action outside the attacker\u0027s control and is already counted under AC:H.\nS:U - The stale logger pointer is used inside the same kernel. Nothing crosses a VM, IOMMU or other security boundary.\nC:H - After the module is freed, a sysctl read dereferences logger-\u003ename, and nf_log_packet() calls logger-\u003elogfn through the dangling nf_loggers[pf] pointer. This is a use-after-free of freed module memory that can be leveraged to disclose kernel memory.\nI:H - nf_log_packet() makes an indirect call through logger-\u003elogfn in the freed module\u0027s memory. If that memory is reused, this gives control-flow hijacking and memory corruption.\nA:H - Logging a packet, or reading the sysctl, after the logger module is gone faults on the unmapped or reused module memory and oopses the kernel."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T14:41:31.026Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eaec35fae8f2052c1878a5c7cc7699d8357d79f2"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64803ba0a05791cf9ca874466480e4c4cadaf7ab"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dce24f3a146948595bb1b86347f31e20b4975daa"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2c018cc4842c33f0c732962e2ab58635e8ae5823"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nf_log: unregister loggers before per-net teardown",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-97608",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-25T10:22:19.030Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-24T16:01:01.158Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-25T14:41:31.026Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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FKIE_CVE-2026-97608

CVE-2026-97608 (GCVE-0-2026-97608)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour