Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-36HH-X5P5-JGC8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 00:37 – Updated: 2026-05-27 00:37

Summary

@hapi/content header parser has a parameter smuggling issue that allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters

Details

Impact

The two parsers resolved duplicates inconsistently and silently: - Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each parameter. - Content.type() retained the first occurrence of charset and boundary.

Either behavior creates a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain (a WAF, reverse proxy, security filter, or alternate parser) resolves duplicates the opposite way. The primary attack vector is upload filename allowlist bypass:

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="safe.txt"; filename="shell.php"

Patches

The issue has been patched in 6.0.2.

Workarounds

Pre or post validate headers looking for duplicates.

Resources

Severity

7.7 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N

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JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@hapi/content"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.0.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44974"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-436"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-27T00:37:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThe two parsers resolved duplicates inconsistently and silently:\n- `Content.disposition()` retained the last occurrence of each parameter.\n- `Content.type()` retained the first occurrence of charset and boundary.\n\nEither behavior creates a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain (a WAF, reverse proxy, security filter, or alternate parser) resolves duplicates the opposite way. The primary attack vector is upload filename allowlist bypass:\n\n`Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\"`\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been patched in 6.0.2.\n\n### Workarounds\nPre or post validate headers looking for duplicates.\n\n### Resources\n- [RFC 6266 \u00a74.1 \u2014 Content-Disposition syntax](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6266#section-4.1)\n- [RFC 7231 \u00a73.1.1.1 \u2014 Content-Type syntax](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7231#section-3.1.1.1)\n- [RFC 7230 \u00a73.2.6 \u2014 token character set](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7230#section-3.2.6)",
  "id": "GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8",
  "modified": "2026-05-27T00:37:20Z",
  "published": "2026-05-27T00:37:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/content/security/advisories/GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/content/commit/3850079550c191d25e3643dc82a6d61144db8c2f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/content"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "@hapi/content header parser has a parameter smuggling issue that allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters"
}

CVE-2026-44974 (GCVE-0-2026-44974)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 20:11 – Updated: 2026-07-21 02:16

Title

Parameter smuggling in @hapi/content header parser allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters

Summary

@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="safe.txt"; filename="shell.php". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2.

Severity

7.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-21 02:14 UTC

CWE

CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root Scorecard

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/hapijs/content/security/adviso…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/hapijs/content/commit/38500795…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
hapijs	content	Affected: < 6.0.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-44974",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-07-21T02:14:35.542197Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T02:16:04.352Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "content",
          "vendor": "hapijs",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 6.0.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "@hapi/content provided HTTP Content-* headers parsing. Prior to 6.0.2, Content.disposition() retained the last occurrence of each duplicate parameter while Content.type() retained the first occurrence of duplicate charset and boundary parameters, creating a parameter-smuggling primitive when another component in the request-processing chain resolves duplicates the opposite way. This can allow an upload filename allowlist bypass in headers such as Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"safe.txt\"; filename=\"shell.php\". This issue is fixed in version 6.0.2."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 7.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-436",
              "description": "CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-17T20:11:44.250Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/hapijs/content/security/advisories/GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/content/security/advisories/GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/hapijs/content/commit/3850079550c191d25e3643dc82a6d61144db8c2f",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/hapijs/content/commit/3850079550c191d25e3643dc82a6d61144db8c2f"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-36hh-x5p5-jgc8",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Parameter smuggling in @hapi/content header parser allows upload-filter bypass via duplicate parameters"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-44974",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-17T20:11:44.250Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-08T16:23:33.263Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-21T02:16:04.352Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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