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GHSA-6CH9-8WG9-2389

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-20 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-14 18:31

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: cfg80211: fix out-of-bounds access during multi-link element defragmentation

Currently during the multi-link element defragmentation process, the multi-link element length added to the total IEs length when calculating the length of remaining IEs after the multi-link element in cfg80211_defrag_mle(). This could lead to out-of-bounds access if the multi-link element or its corresponding fragment elements are the last elements in the IEs buffer.

To address this issue, correctly calculate the remaining IEs length by deducting the multi-link element end offset from total IEs end offset.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-37973"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-20T17:15:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nwifi: cfg80211: fix out-of-bounds access during multi-link element defragmentation\n\nCurrently during the multi-link element defragmentation process, the\nmulti-link element length added to the total IEs length when calculating\nthe length of remaining IEs after the multi-link element in\ncfg80211_defrag_mle(). This could lead to out-of-bounds access if the\nmulti-link element or its corresponding fragment elements are the last\nelements in the IEs buffer.\n\nTo address this issue, correctly calculate the remaining IEs length by\ndeducting the multi-link element end offset from total IEs end offset.",
  "id": "GHSA-6ch9-8wg9-2389",
  "modified": "2025-11-14T18:31:19Z",
  "published": "2025-05-20T18:30:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37973"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/023c1f2f0609218103cbcb48e0104b144d4a16dc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73dde269a1a43e6b1aa92eba13ad2df58bfdd38e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9423f6da825172b8dc60d4688ed3d147291c3be9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e1c6d0c6199bd5f4cfc7a66ae7032b6e805f904d"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-37973 (GCVE-0-2025-37973)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-20 16:47 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:58

Title

wifi: cfg80211: fix out-of-bounds access during multi-link element defragmentation

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: fix out-of-bounds access during multi-link element defragmentation Currently during the multi-link element defragmentation process, the multi-link element length added to the total IEs length when calculating the length of remaining IEs after the multi-link element in cfg80211_defrag_mle(). This could lead to out-of-bounds access if the multi-link element or its corresponding fragment elements are the last elements in the IEs buffer. To address this issue, correctly calculate the remaining IEs length by deducting the multi-link element end offset from total IEs end offset.

Severity

8.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73dde269a1a43e6b1…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9423f6da825172b8d…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e1c6d0c6199bd5f4c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/023c1f2f060921810…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2481b5da9c6b2ee1fde55a1c29eb2ca377145a10 , < 73dde269a1a43e6b1aa92eba13ad2df58bfdd38e (git) Affected: 2481b5da9c6b2ee1fde55a1c29eb2ca377145a10 , < 9423f6da825172b8dc60d4688ed3d147291c3be9 (git) Affected: 2481b5da9c6b2ee1fde55a1c29eb2ca377145a10 , < e1c6d0c6199bd5f4cfc7a66ae7032b6e805f904d (git) Affected: 2481b5da9c6b2ee1fde55a1c29eb2ca377145a10 , < 023c1f2f0609218103cbcb48e0104b144d4a16dc (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.5 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.5 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.91 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.29 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14.7 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
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      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/wireless/scan.c"
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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              "versionType": "git"
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              "lessThan": "9423f6da825172b8dc60d4688ed3d147291c3be9",
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              "version": "2481b5da9c6b2ee1fde55a1c29eb2ca377145a10",
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              "status": "affected",
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.5"
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "version": "6.6.91",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.29",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.7",
              "versionType": "semver"
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            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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        }
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      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.91",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:A - The vulnerable parser consumes IEs straight out of a received 802.11 probe response frame (`cfg80211_inform_bss_frame_data()` \u2192 `cfg80211_defrag_mle()`), so the attacker only needs to inject a crafted management frame within radio range of the victim STA. This is the standard WiFi frame-injection adjacency requirement, not a routable network path.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the frame contents and can deterministically place a valid Basic Multi-Link element as the final IE, which makes the fragment-scan loop dereference memory exactly at `ie + ielen` on its first iteration \u2014 no race, no memory-layout luck required for the overread itself. Probe responses are accepted whenever the STA scans (foreground or PNO/sched scan), and MAC randomization or simply answering an observed probe request satisfies the DA check in `ieee80211_scan_accept_presp()`.\nPR:N - Scan-result parsing happens before any authentication or association, so an unauthenticated attacker with no credentials, no key material, and no prior relationship to the victim can reach the code. The attacker needs no account on the target and no privileges of any kind.\nUI:N - Linux/Android stations run periodic background scans and scheduled scans (PNO) automatically via wpa_supplicant/NetworkManager without any user action, and every such scan feeds received probe responses into the vulnerable path. No victim click, mount, or connection attempt is needed.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds read and any resulting fault occur entirely within the kernel\u0027s own security authority on the affected host; no VM, IOMMU, container, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The loop reads up to `p + 2*mle-\u003edatalen` bytes (potentially ~2.5 KB for a maximum-length probe response with the MLE placed last) beyond the end of the receive buffer into adjacent kernel heap memory \u2014 far more than a strictly bounded few-byte overread. The out-of-bounds bytes are actively interpreted as element headers and steer loop continuation and the computed allocation size, so attacker-observable behaviour depends on kernel memory the attacker must not be able to read.\nI:N - The defect is confined to the length computation of a read-only scanning loop; the erroneous bound can only over-estimate `buf_len`, and the subsequent `cfg80211_defragment_element()` call still uses the correct `ielen` and rejects overflow with `-ENOSPC`, so no out-of-bounds write or corruption of kernel state occurs.\nA:H - The walk can run kilobytes past the receive buffer into unmapped or guarded memory \u2014 KFENCE (default-enabled on Android GKI and several distro kernels), KASAN, and DEBUG_PAGEALLOC turn this into an unhandled kernel page fault/oops. The attacker can retransmit the crafted probe response indefinitely with no authentication, so repeated triggering makes a kernel panic a practical denial of service."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:58:42.573Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e1c6d0c6199bd5f4cfc7a66ae7032b6e805f904d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/023c1f2f0609218103cbcb48e0104b144d4a16dc"
        }
      ],
      "title": "wifi: cfg80211: fix out-of-bounds access during multi-link element defragmentation",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-37973",
    "datePublished": "2025-05-20T16:47:19.074Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.975Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:58:42.573Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

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