Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-GC23-52RX-7M2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-04 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-18 18:32

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

iommu/vt-d: Restore context entry setup order for aliased devices

Commit 2031c469f816 ("iommu/vt-d: Add support for static identity domain") changed the context entry setup during domain attachment from a set-and-check policy to a clear-and-reset approach. This inadvertently introduced a regression affecting PCI aliased devices behind PCIe-to-PCI bridges.

Specifically, keyboard and touchpad stopped working on several Apple Macbooks with below messages:

kernel: platform pxa2xx-spi.3: Adding to iommu group 20 kernel: input: Apple SPI Keyboard as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1e.3/pxa2xx-spi.3/spi_master/spi2/spi-APP000D:00/input/input0 kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00 kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00

Fix this by restoring the previous context setup order.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-38216"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-04T14:15:30Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: Restore context entry setup order for aliased devices\n\nCommit 2031c469f816 (\"iommu/vt-d: Add support for static identity domain\")\nchanged the context entry setup during domain attachment from a\nset-and-check policy to a clear-and-reset approach. This inadvertently\nintroduced a regression affecting PCI aliased devices behind PCIe-to-PCI\nbridges.\n\nSpecifically, keyboard and touchpad stopped working on several Apple\nMacbooks with below messages:\n\n kernel: platform pxa2xx-spi.3: Adding to iommu group 20\n kernel: input: Apple SPI Keyboard as\n /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1e.3/pxa2xx-spi.3/spi_master/spi2/spi-APP000D:00/input/input0\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr\n 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr\n 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set\n kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr\n 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00\n\nFix this by restoring the previous context setup order.",
  "id": "GHSA-gc23-52rx-7m2p",
  "modified": "2025-11-18T18:32:47Z",
  "published": "2025-07-04T15:31:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38216"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/320302baed05c6456164652541f23d2a96522c06"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d43c81b691813e16a2d08208ce8947aebdab83cd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb5873b779dd5858123c19bbd6959566771e2e83"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-38216 (GCVE-0-2025-38216)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-04 13:37 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:00

Title

iommu/vt-d: Restore context entry setup order for aliased devices

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Restore context entry setup order for aliased devices Commit 2031c469f816 ("iommu/vt-d: Add support for static identity domain") changed the context entry setup during domain attachment from a set-and-check policy to a clear-and-reset approach. This inadvertently introduced a regression affecting PCI aliased devices behind PCIe-to-PCI bridges. Specifically, keyboard and touchpad stopped working on several Apple Macbooks with below messages: kernel: platform pxa2xx-spi.3: Adding to iommu group 20 kernel: input: Apple SPI Keyboard as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1e.3/pxa2xx-spi.3/spi_master/spi2/spi-APP000D:00/input/input0 kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00 kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3 kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00 Fix this by restoring the previous context setup order.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb5873b779dd58581…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d43c81b691813e16a…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/320302baed05c6456…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 2031c469f8161abe74189cb74f50da224f340b71 , < fb5873b779dd5858123c19bbd6959566771e2e83 (git) Affected: 2031c469f8161abe74189cb74f50da224f340b71 , < d43c81b691813e16a2d08208ce8947aebdab83cd (git) Affected: 2031c469f8161abe74189cb74f50da224f340b71 , < 320302baed05c6456164652541f23d2a96522c06 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.35 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.4 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c",
            "drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.h",
            "drivers/iommu/intel/nested.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "fb5873b779dd5858123c19bbd6959566771e2e83",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2031c469f8161abe74189cb74f50da224f340b71",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "d43c81b691813e16a2d08208ce8947aebdab83cd",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2031c469f8161abe74189cb74f50da224f340b71",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "320302baed05c6456164652541f23d2a96522c06",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "2031c469f8161abe74189cb74f50da224f340b71",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c",
            "drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.h",
            "drivers/iommu/intel/nested.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.35",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.35",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: Restore context entry setup order for aliased devices\n\nCommit 2031c469f816 (\"iommu/vt-d: Add support for static identity domain\")\nchanged the context entry setup during domain attachment from a\nset-and-check policy to a clear-and-reset approach. This inadvertently\nintroduced a regression affecting PCI aliased devices behind PCIe-to-PCI\nbridges.\n\nSpecifically, keyboard and touchpad stopped working on several Apple\nMacbooks with below messages:\n\n kernel: platform pxa2xx-spi.3: Adding to iommu group 20\n kernel: input: Apple SPI Keyboard as\n /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1e.3/pxa2xx-spi.3/spi_master/spi2/spi-APP000D:00/input/input0\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr\n 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr\n 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set\n kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: DMAR: [DMA Read NO_PASID] Request device [00:1e.3] fault addr\n 0xffffa000 [fault reason 0x06] PTE Read access is not set\n kernel: DMAR: DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\n kernel: applespi spi-APP000D:00: Error writing to device: 01 0e 00 00\n\nFix this by restoring the previous context setup order."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The faulty ordering is reached through local operations that attach or detach IOMMU domains \u2014 driver bind/unbind, device hotplug/probe, or VFIO/iommufd device assignment ioctls \u2014 not through any network-facing path.\nAC:L - On any platform with DMA-aliased devices (PCIe-to-PCI bridge children, or ACPI-scoped non-PCI devices sharing a parent\u0027s source-ID, which land in a separate IOMMU group via generic_device_group()), the clobber is deterministic and repeatable by simply triggering an attach on the sibling device; no race or unpredictable memory layout is involved.\nPR:L - Driving a domain attach requires only low-privileged local access to the device/VFIO interfaces, and in the device-assignment case the beneficiary is an unprivileged guest whose assigned device\u0027s context entry gets reprogrammed by an unrelated host attach.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \u2014 the mis-ordered clear-and-reset happens automatically during normal device probe and default-domain attachment.\nS:C - This breaks the IOMMU/DMA isolation boundary itself: a shared context entry ends up programmed with another domain\u0027s page tables or with CONTEXT_TT_PASS_THROUGH, so DMA from one security domain reaches memory belonging to a different one (host memory from a guest-assigned device).\nC:H - A device left with the wrong domain\u0027s second-level page tables \u2014 or with pass-through translation \u2014 can DMA-read memory it was never granted, up to all host physical memory in the passthrough case.\nI:H - The same wrong or pass-through context entry grants DMA writes into another domain\u0027s or the host\u0027s physical memory, which is a direct arbitrary-write primitive usable for control-flow hijack; a stale entry can also point at a torn-down domain\u0027s page tables.\nA:H - The demonstrated effect is a DMAR fault storm and permanently dead devices (keyboard and touchpad stop working, \"DRHD: handling fault status reg 3\" flooding), and DMA through freed or wrong page tables can corrupt kernel memory and panic the system."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:00:25.669Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fb5873b779dd5858123c19bbd6959566771e2e83"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d43c81b691813e16a2d08208ce8947aebdab83cd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/320302baed05c6456164652541f23d2a96522c06"
        }
      ],
      "title": "iommu/vt-d: Restore context entry setup order for aliased devices",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38216",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-04T13:37:33.906Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.995Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:00:25.669Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.