Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-J97X-PM24-3Q67

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-12 12:30 – Updated: 2026-07-30 06:32

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op

It’s possible for more than one async command to be in flight from __nvmet_fc_send_ls_req. For each command, a tgtport reference is taken.

In the current code, only one put work item is queued at a time, which results in a leaked reference.

To fix this, move the work item to the nvmet_fc_ls_req_op struct, which already tracks all resources related to the command.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-40171"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-12T11:15:47Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op\n\nIt\u2019s possible for more than one async command to be in flight from\n__nvmet_fc_send_ls_req. For each command, a tgtport reference is taken.\n\nIn the current code, only one put work item is queued at a time, which\nresults in a leaked reference.\n\nTo fix this, move the work item to the nvmet_fc_ls_req_op struct, which\nalready tracks all resources related to the command.",
  "id": "GHSA-j97x-pm24-3q67",
  "modified": "2026-07-30T06:32:17Z",
  "published": "2025-11-12T12:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40171"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-40171 (GCVE-0-2025-40171)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 10:46 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:08

Title

nvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op It’s possible for more than one async command to be in flight from __nvmet_fc_send_ls_req. For each command, a tgtport reference is taken. In the current code, only one put work item is queued at a time, which results in a leaked reference. To fix this, move the work item to the nvmet_fc_ls_req_op struct, which already tracks all resources related to the command.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11269c08013f4ee8b…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28112cc55013cd8c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/060ecc81240ef9d60…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7331925c247b03b77…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a619f8c869117ffe…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db5a5406fb7e5337a…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5e0bc09a52b6169ce90f7ac6e195791adb16cec4 , < 11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0 (git) Affected: 9e6987f8937a7bd7516aa52f25cb7e12c0c92ee8 , < a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9 (git) Affected: eaf0971fdabf2a93c1429dc6bedf3bbe85dffa30 , < 060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c (git) Affected: 710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 , < 7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850 (git) Affected: 710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 , < 7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4 (git) Affected: 710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397 , < db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3 (git) Affected: 1d86f79287206deec36d63b89c741cf542b6cadd (git) Affected: 5.15.150 , < 5.15.195 (semver) Affected: 6.1.80 , < 6.1.156 (semver) Affected: 6.6.19 , < 6.6.112 (semver) Affected: 6.7.7 , < 6.8 (semver)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.8 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.8 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.195 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.156 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.112 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.53 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.3 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/nvme/target/fc.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5e0bc09a52b6169ce90f7ac6e195791adb16cec4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9e6987f8937a7bd7516aa52f25cb7e12c0c92ee8",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "eaf0971fdabf2a93c1429dc6bedf3bbe85dffa30",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "710c69dbaccdac312e32931abcb8499c1525d397",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1d86f79287206deec36d63b89c741cf542b6cadd",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.15.195",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.15.150",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.1.156",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.1.80",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.6.112",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.6.19",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.7.7",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/nvme/target/fc.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.8"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.8",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.195",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.156",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.53",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.195",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.15.150",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.156",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.1.80",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.112",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.6.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.53",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.7.7",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op\n\nIt\u2019s possible for more than one async command to be in flight from\n__nvmet_fc_send_ls_req. For each command, a tgtport reference is taken.\n\nIn the current code, only one put work item is queued at a time, which\nresults in a leaked reference.\n\nTo fix this, move the work item to the nvmet_fc_ls_req_op struct, which\nalready tracks all resources related to the command."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The trigger is a remote FC-NVMe initiator sending Create Association / Disconnect Association Link Services to the nvmet-fc target port, processed via `nvmet_fc_rcv_ls_req()` from the LLDD (lpfc). Consistent with other NVMe-oF target CVEs in this tree (including qla2xxx FC), the attacker is a remote peer on the storage fabric, which can itself be extended over routed transports.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the timing \u2014 issuing several associations and then disconnecting them concurrently reliably puts multiple LS requests in flight, and `queue_work()` deterministically drops every put after the first while one is pending. No memory-layout or victim-state condition is involved.\nPR:N - `nvmet_fc_ls_create_association()` and `nvmet_fc_ls_disconnect()` validate only LS descriptor lengths and tags; there is no host-NQN allow-list check, NVMe Connect, or authentication on this path. Any initiator that can reach the target port exercises it pre-authentication.\nUI:N - The leak is produced entirely by attacker-sent Link Service frames handled asynchronously by the target. No administrator or local user action is required.\nS:U - The leaked reference, stranded allocation, and failed teardown are all confined to the kernel of the target host. No security authority boundary such as a VM or IOMMU domain is crossed.\nC:N - The defect is purely a missed `kref_put()`; nothing is freed early, read out of bounds, or returned to the attacker. Tracing the coalescing shows it can only drop puts, never duplicate them, so no use-after-free read primitive exists.\nI:N - No memory is corrupted or written out of bounds \u2014 the refcount only ever ends too high, so no write or control-flow-hijack primitive arises. lpfc additionally guards its on-stack completion in `lpfc_nvmet_targetport_delete()`, closing the only late-completion write hazard.\nA:H - The tgtport is never freed, so `nvmet_fc_free_ls_iodlist()` and `targetport_delete` never run: `lpfc_nvmet_destroy_targetport()` stalls for `LPFC_NVMET_WAIT_TMO` (5 s) and then aborts with an error, permanently stranding the target port, its HBA DMA mappings, and a `get_device()` reference that no longer can be released without a reboot."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:16.789Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/11269c08013f4ee8b8f5edc6c56700acb34092d0"
        },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28112cc55013cd8cbd5d36b5115a5b851151bd9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/060ecc81240ef9d60d9485a3a5eb55a0d6e7a25c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7331925c247b03b7767b8cd93cfe1b7aa2377850"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7a619f8c869117ffed08365b377f66b7e1d941b4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db5a5406fb7e5337a074385c7a3e53c77f2c1bd3"
        }
      ],
      "title": "nvmet-fc: move lsop put work to nvmet_fc_ls_req_op",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40171",
    "datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:46:52.289Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.176Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:16.789Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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