GHSA-JXXR-4GWJ-5JF2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 16:22 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:32
VLAI
Summary
brace-expansion: Large numeric range defeats documented `max` DoS protection
Details

The max option was being applied too late:

When expanding a single large numeric range like {1..10000000}, the sequence generation loop generates all 10 million intermediate elements before the max limit is applied With max=10, the output is correctly limited to 10 items, but the process still allocates ~505 MB and spends ~800ms building the full intermediate array.

Workaround

Ensure the string to be expanded doesn't contain more values than the desired max item count.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "brace-expansion"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45149"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-400"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-18T16:22:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-29T20:16:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The `max` option was being applied too late:\n\nWhen expanding a single large numeric range like `{1..10000000}`, the sequence generation loop generates all 10 million intermediate elements before the `max` limit is applied With `max=10`, the output is correctly limited to 10 items, but the process still allocates `~505 MB` and spends `~800ms` building the full intermediate array.\n\n### Workaround\n\nEnsure the string to be expanded doesn\u0027t contain more values than the desired `max` item count.",
  "id": "GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T10:32:28Z",
  "published": "2026-05-18T16:22:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/security/advisories/GHSA-jxxr-4gwj-5jf2"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45149"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion/commit/c0b095bdc52bc4c36dc88deddbadabc49f8371e5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/juliangruber/brace-expansion"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "brace-expansion: Large numeric range defeats documented `max` DoS protection"
}



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