Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-M543-JCGV-FPX5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-05 09:31 – Updated: 2026-10-05 09:31

Details

Net::Whois::Raw versions before 2.99044 for Perl ship a pwhois command-line tool that queries WHOIS for the wrong domain for unicode domain names.

pwhois encodes each non-ASCII label directly using Net::IDN::Punycode and prepends xn--. Apart from lowercasing ASCII and Cyrillic letters, it skips the IDNA mapping and normalization steps, so a label with other uppercase letters, or not in NFC, encodes to a different A-label than its IDNA form. For example, a label of U+00C9 followed by "cole" encodes to "xn--cole-pka" rather than "xn--cole-9oa".

The Net::Whois::Raw library modules are not affected.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-19954"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-176"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-05T07:16:30Z",
    "severity": null
  },
  "details": "Net::Whois::Raw versions before 2.99044 for Perl ship a pwhois command-line tool that queries WHOIS for the wrong domain for unicode domain names.\n\npwhois encodes each non-ASCII label directly using Net::IDN::Punycode and prepends xn--. Apart from lowercasing ASCII and Cyrillic letters, it skips the IDNA mapping and normalization steps, so a label with other uppercase letters, or not in NFC, encodes to a different A-label than its IDNA form. For example, a label of U+00C9 followed by \"cole\" encodes to \"xn--cole-pka\" rather than \"xn--cole-9oa\".\n\nThe Net::Whois::Raw library modules are not affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-m543-jcgv-fpx5",
  "modified": "2026-10-05T09:31:51Z",
  "published": "2026-10-05T09:31:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-19954"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw/issues/34"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw/pull/35"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NALOBIN/Net-Whois-Raw-2.99044/changes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/PJCJ/Net-IDN-Encode-2.590-TRIAL/view/lib/Net/IDN/Punycode.pm#WARNING"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.metacpan.org/patches/N/Net-Whois-Raw/2.99043/CVE-2026-19954-r1.patch"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5891#section-5.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

CVE-2026-19954 (GCVE-0-2026-19954)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 06:54 – Updated: 2026-10-05 06:54

Title

Net::Whois::Raw versions before 2.99044 for Perl ship a pwhois command-line tool that queries WHOIS for the wrong domain for unicode domain names

Summary

Net::Whois::Raw versions before 2.99044 for Perl ship a pwhois command-line tool that queries WHOIS for the wrong domain for unicode domain names. pwhois encodes each non-ASCII label directly using Net::IDN::Punycode and prepends xn--. Apart from lowercasing ASCII and Cyrillic letters, it skips the IDNA mapping and normalization steps, so a label with other uppercase letters, or not in NFC, encodes to a different A-label than its IDNA form. For example, a label of U+00C9 followed by "cole" encodes to "xn--cole-pka" rather than "xn--cole-9oa". The Net::Whois::Raw library modules are not affected.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

CWE

CWE-176 - Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding

Assigner

CPANSec redhat root Scorecard

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://metacpan.org/release/NALOBIN/Net-Whois-Ra…	release-notes
https://security.metacpan.org/patches/N/Net-Whois…	patch
https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw/issues/34	issue-tracking
https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw/pull/35	issue-tracking
https://metacpan.org/release/PJCJ/Net-IDN-Encode-…
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5891#section-5.2	technical-description

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
		Affected: 0 , < 2.99044 (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://cpan.org/modules",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "modules": [
            "Net::Whois::Raw"
          ],
          "packageName": "Net-Whois-Raw",
          "packageURL": "pkg:cpan/Net-Whois-Raw",
          "programFiles": [
            "bin/pwhois"
          ],
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "to_punycode"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.99044",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Net::Whois::Raw versions before 2.99044 for Perl ship a pwhois command-line tool that queries WHOIS for the wrong domain for unicode domain names.\n\npwhois encodes each non-ASCII label directly using Net::IDN::Punycode and prepends xn--. Apart from lowercasing ASCII and Cyrillic letters, it skips the IDNA mapping and normalization steps, so a label with other uppercase letters, or not in NFC, encodes to a different A-label than its IDNA form. For example, a label of U+00C9 followed by \"cole\" encodes to \"xn--cole-pka\" rather than \"xn--cole-9oa\".\n\nThe Net::Whois::Raw library modules are not affected."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-176",
              "description": "CWE-176 Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-05T06:54:09.352Z",
        "orgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
        "shortName": "CPANSec"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "release-notes"
          ],
          "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/NALOBIN/Net-Whois-Raw-2.99044/changes"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.metacpan.org/patches/N/Net-Whois-Raw/2.99043/CVE-2026-19954-r1.patch"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw/issues/34"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/regru/Net-Whois-Raw/pull/35"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/PJCJ/Net-IDN-Encode-2.590-TRIAL/view/lib/Net/IDN/Punycode.pm#WARNING"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5891#section-5.2"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Net::Whois::Raw versions before 2.99044 for Perl ship a pwhois command-line tool that queries WHOIS for the wrong domain for unicode domain names",
      "workarounds": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Apply the patch.\n\nFor deployments that cannot apply the patch, convert the domain name to its A-label form, for example with Net::IDN::Encode::domain_to_ascii, before passing it to pwhois. pwhois passes all-ASCII names through unchanged."
        }
      ],
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "cpansec-cna-tool 0.1"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
    "assignerShortName": "CPANSec",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-19954",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-05T06:54:09.352Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T21:45:07.158Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-05T06:54:09.352Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-M543-JCGV-FPX5

CVE-2026-19954 (GCVE-0-2026-19954)

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