Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-P6W2-3HC3-FX3J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-15 15:30 – Updated: 2026-09-21 15:31

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fou: Fix use-after-free in fou_create()

fou_create() publishes struct fou through sk_user_data before adding the new FOU port to the per-netns list. If fou_add_to_port_list() fails, the error path frees fou while it is still reachable through sk_user_data. A concurrent receive can then dereference the freed object in fou_from_sock().

This ordering issue was previously noted in the linked discussion.

The failure is reachable when local port 0 is requested. Each socket binds to a different ephemeral port, but fou_cfg_cmp() compares the requested port 0 and reports -EALREADY once an entry already exists.

Release the tunnel socket before freeing fou so sk_user_data is cleared first, and defer reclamation with kfree_rcu() to protect concurrent RCU readers. This matches the lifetime handling in fou_release().

Severity

7.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-74496"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-15T13:17:54Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfou: Fix use-after-free in fou_create()\n\nfou_create() publishes struct fou through sk_user_data before adding the\nnew FOU port to the per-netns list.  If fou_add_to_port_list() fails,\nthe error path frees fou while it is still reachable through\nsk_user_data.  A concurrent receive can then dereference the freed\nobject in fou_from_sock().\n\nThis ordering issue was previously noted in the linked discussion.\n\nThe failure is reachable when local port 0 is requested.  Each socket\nbinds to a different ephemeral port, but fou_cfg_cmp() compares the\nrequested port 0 and reports -EALREADY once an entry already exists.\n\nRelease the tunnel socket before freeing fou so sk_user_data is cleared\nfirst, and defer reclamation with kfree_rcu() to protect concurrent RCU\nreaders.  This matches the lifetime handling in fou_release().",
  "id": "GHSA-p6w2-3hc3-fx3j",
  "modified": "2026-09-21T15:31:30Z",
  "published": "2026-08-15T15:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-74496"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58835985c035a8333742f829ad7e0889a082f9d3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9042867d4701728f0c6527215b11471759904d8f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28d8903bfe76089ea4bbdbff9976965f9ef8107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b14361aca6350ff7907b0e9903c7b94dc7d5d4a0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2026-74496 (GCVE-0-2026-74496)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-15 12:27 – Updated: 2026-09-21 13:14

Title

fou: Fix use-after-free in fou_create()

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fou: Fix use-after-free in fou_create() fou_create() publishes struct fou through sk_user_data before adding the new FOU port to the per-netns list. If fou_add_to_port_list() fails, the error path frees fou while it is still reachable through sk_user_data. A concurrent receive can then dereference the freed object in fou_from_sock(). This ordering issue was previously noted in the linked discussion. The failure is reachable when local port 0 is requested. Each socket binds to a different ephemeral port, but fou_cfg_cmp() compares the requested port 0 and reports -EALREADY once an entry already exists. Release the tunnel socket before freeing fou so sk_user_data is cleared first, and defer reclamation with kfree_rcu() to protect concurrent RCU readers. This matches the lifetime handling in fou_release().

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root Scorecard

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58835985c035a8333…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9042867d4701728f0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28d8903bfe76089e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b14361aca6350ff79…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 58835985c035a8333742f829ad7e0889a082f9d3 (git) Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < 9042867d4701728f0c6527215b11471759904d8f (git) Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < a28d8903bfe76089ea4bbdbff9976965f9ef8107 (git) Affected: 23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63 , < b14361aca6350ff7907b0e9903c7b94dc7d5d4a0 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 3.18 Unaffected: 0 , < 3.18 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.111 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.53 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1.8 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "58835985c035a8333742f829ad7e0889a082f9d3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "9042867d4701728f0c6527215b11471759904d8f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a28d8903bfe76089ea4bbdbff9976965f9ef8107",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b14361aca6350ff7907b0e9903c7b94dc7d5d4a0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "23461551c00628c3f3fe9cf837bf53cf8f212b63",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/ipv4/fou_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.18"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.18",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.111",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.53",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.111",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.53",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.1.8",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfou: Fix use-after-free in fou_create()\n\nfou_create() publishes struct fou through sk_user_data before adding the\nnew FOU port to the per-netns list.  If fou_add_to_port_list() fails,\nthe error path frees fou while it is still reachable through\nsk_user_data.  A concurrent receive can then dereference the freed\nobject in fou_from_sock().\n\nThis ordering issue was previously noted in the linked discussion.\n\nThe failure is reachable when local port 0 is requested.  Each socket\nbinds to a different ephemeral port, but fou_cfg_cmp() compares the\nrequested port 0 and reports -EALREADY once an entry already exists.\n\nRelease the tunnel socket before freeing fou so sk_user_data is cleared\nfirst, and defer reclamation with kfree_rcu() to protect concurrent RCU\nreaders.  This matches the lifetime handling in fou_release()."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The UAF is opened only via local FOU_CMD_ADD genetlink into fou_create(); remote UDP can race the dangling sk_user_data read in fou_udp_recv/gue_udp_recv but cannot alone reach the erroneous teardown path.\nAC:L - An attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN controls both sides: issue a second FOU_CMD_ADD with port 0 to force -EALREADY on fou_add_to_port_list while concurrently sending UDP/GRO traffic to the just-bound ephemeral socket during the kfree window.\nPR:L - FOU_CMD_ADD is gated by GENL_ADMIN_PERM (CAP_NET_ADMIN); the fou genl family is netnsok, so a user with CAP_NET_ADMIN inside unshare -Urn can configure FOU and trigger the failing add path without init-namespace root.\nUI:N - Exploitation is fully programmatic via concurrent netlink FOU_CMD_ADD requests and attacker-controlled UDP packets; no victim mount, file open, or other interactive action is required.\nS:U - Impact is kernel heap corruption and privilege escalation within the same security authority; this is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-boundary scope change.\nC:H - Concurrent readers call fou_from_sock() and dereference freed struct fou fields (family, protocol, flags); reclaimed slab contents give attacker-controlled reads and kernel pointer disclosure primitives typical of UAF.\nI:H - Freed struct fou is attacker-reclaimable kmalloc memory; fou_gro_receive indexes inet_offloads[fou-\u003eprotocol] from the dangling pointer, enabling heap grooming for arbitrary writes and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Use-after-free in UDP receive/GRO softirq reliably causes KASAN violations and, on production kernels, invalid pointer dereferences or panics when accessing the freed fou object during packet processing."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T13:14:05.619Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/58835985c035a8333742f829ad7e0889a082f9d3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9042867d4701728f0c6527215b11471759904d8f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a28d8903bfe76089ea4bbdbff9976965f9ef8107"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b14361aca6350ff7907b0e9903c7b94dc7d5d4a0"
        }
      ],
      "title": "fou: Fix use-after-free in fou_create()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-74496",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T12:27:23.854Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.906Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-21T13:14:05.619Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

GHSA-P6W2-3HC3-FX3J

CVE-2026-74496 (GCVE-0-2026-74496)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour