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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npadata: fix UAF in padata_reorder\n\nA bug was found when run ltp test:\n\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in padata_find_next+0x29/0x1a0\nRead of size 4 at addr ffff88bbfe003524 by task kworker/u113:2/3039206\n\nCPU: 0 PID: 3039206 Comm: kworker/u113:2 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.6.0+\nWorkqueue: pdecrypt_parallel padata_parallel_worker\nCall Trace:\n\u003cTASK\u003e\ndump_stack_lvl+0x32/0x50\nprint_address_description.constprop.0+0x6b/0x3d0\nprint_report+0xdd/0x2c0\nkasan_report+0xa5/0xd0\npadata_find_next+0x29/0x1a0\npadata_reorder+0x131/0x220\npadata_parallel_worker+0x3d/0xc0\nprocess_one_work+0x2ec/0x5a0\n\nIf \u0027mdelay(10)\u0027 is added before calling \u0027padata_find_next\u0027 in the\n\u0027padata_reorder\u0027 function, this issue could be reproduced easily with\nltp test (pcrypt_aead01).\n\nThis can be explained as bellow:\n\npcrypt_aead_encrypt\n...\npadata_do_parallel\nrefcount_inc(\u0026pd-\u003erefcnt); // add refcnt\n...\npadata_do_serial\npadata_reorder // pd\nwhile (1) {\npadata_find_next(pd, true); // using pd\nqueue_work_on\n...\npadata_serial_worker\t\t\t\tcrypto_del_alg\npadata_put_pd_cnt // sub refcnt\n\t\t\t\t\t\tpadata_free_shell\n\t\t\t\t\t\tpadata_put_pd(ps-\u003epd);\n\t\t\t\t\t\t// pd is freed\n// loop again, but pd is freed\n// call padata_find_next, UAF\n}\n\nIn the padata_reorder function, when it loops in \u0027while\u0027, if the alg is\ndeleted, the refcnt may be decreased to 0 before entering\n\u0027padata_find_next\u0027, which leads to UAF.\n\nAs mentioned in [1], do_serial is supposed to be called with BHs disabled\nand always happen under RCU protection, to address this issue, add\nsynchronize_rcu() in \u0027padata_free_shell\u0027 wait for all _do_serial calls\nto finish.\n\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20221028160401.cccypv4euxikusiq@parnassus.localdomain/\n[2] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-kernel/jfjz5d7zwbytztackem7ibzalm5lnxldi2eofeiczqmqs2m7o6@fq426cwnjtkm/"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable padata/pcrypt path is driven through local syscalls \u2014 an AF_ALG socket bound to `pcrypt(...)` submitting aead requests, and the racing teardown via crypto module autoload or the NETLINK_CRYPTO socket. No remote peer can reach or free the padata shell on its own.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race: they flood concurrent pcrypt requests to keep `padata_reorder()` spinning in its loop while triggering instance teardown, and can widen the window with CPU contention and many parallel workers. The commit confirms it reproduces with a stock LTP test (pcrypt_aead01) once the loop is delayed, meaning it is a naturally occurring, repeatable window.\nPR:L - A basic unprivileged local user can both instantiate and continuously drive pcrypt via AF_ALG (`alg_bind` performs no capability check) and trigger the teardown side, since `crypto_alg_finish_registration()` \u2192 `crypto_remove_spawns()` destroys the pcrypt instance when an equal-or-higher-priority same-named implementation registers \u2014 a module autoload reachable from the same unprivileged bind path.\nUI:N - Exploitation is entirely attacker-driven through socket operations and crypto requests; no victim action, mount, or file open is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel slab memory and stays within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - Reclaiming the freed `struct parallel_data` gives the attacker control of `pd-\u003ereorder_list`, whose per-CPU dereference in `padata_find_next()` becomes an attacker-directed kernel read, and `pd-\u003eps-\u003epinst` is likewise dereferenced \u2014 yielding disclosure of arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - The same UAF provides write primitives \u2014 `list_del_init()` unlink on an attacker-controlled reorder list, `++pd-\u003eprocessed` / `pd-\u003ecpu` writes, and most severely `queue_work(pinst-\u003eserial_wq, \u0026pd-\u003ereorder_work)` invoking a function pointer living in freed, sprayable memory, enabling control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - Even unweaponized, the slab-use-after-free reported by KASAN dereferences freed percpu and workqueue pointers from a kworker context, reliably producing an oops or kernel panic and taking the system down."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmemstick: rtsx_usb_ms: Fix slab-use-after-free in rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove\n\nThis fixes the following crash:\n\n==================================================================\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff888136335380 by task kworker/6:0/140241\n\nCPU: 6 UID: 0 PID: 140241 Comm: kworker/6:0 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G            E      6.14.0-rc6+ #1\nTainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE\nHardware name: LENOVO 30FNA1V7CW/1057, BIOS S0EKT54A 07/01/2024\nWorkqueue: events rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card [rtsx_usb_ms]\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x51/0x70\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x27/0x320\n ? rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n print_report+0x3e/0x70\n kasan_report+0xab/0xe0\n ? rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n ? __pfx_rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x10/0x10 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n ? __pfx___schedule+0x10/0x10\n ? kick_pool+0x3b/0x270\n process_one_work+0x357/0x660\n worker_thread+0x390/0x4c0\n ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n kthread+0x190/0x1d0\n ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50\n ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 161446:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90\n __kmalloc_noprof+0x1a7/0x470\n memstick_alloc_host+0x1f/0xe0 [memstick]\n rtsx_usb_ms_drv_probe+0x47/0x320 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n platform_probe+0x60/0xe0\n call_driver_probe+0x35/0x120\n really_probe+0x123/0x410\n __driver_probe_device+0xc7/0x1e0\n driver_probe_device+0x49/0xf0\n __device_attach_driver+0xc6/0x160\n bus_for_each_drv+0xe4/0x160\n __device_attach+0x13a/0x2b0\n bus_probe_device+0xbd/0xd0\n device_add+0x4a5/0x760\n platform_device_add+0x189/0x370\n mfd_add_device+0x587/0x5e0\n mfd_add_devices+0xb1/0x130\n rtsx_usb_probe+0x28e/0x2e0 [rtsx_usb]\n usb_probe_interface+0x15c/0x460\n call_driver_probe+0x35/0x120\n really_probe+0x123/0x410\n __driver_probe_device+0xc7/0x1e0\n driver_probe_device+0x49/0xf0\n __device_attach_driver+0xc6/0x160\n bus_for_each_drv+0xe4/0x160\n __device_attach+0x13a/0x2b0\n rebind_marked_interfaces.isra.0+0xcc/0x110\n usb_reset_device+0x352/0x410\n usbdev_do_ioctl+0xe5c/0x1860\n usbdev_ioctl+0xa/0x20\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0xc5/0xf0\n do_syscall_64+0x59/0x170\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nFreed by task 161506:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30\n kasan_save_free_info+0x36/0x60\n __kasan_slab_free+0x34/0x50\n kfree+0x1fd/0x3b0\n device_release+0x56/0xf0\n kobject_cleanup+0x73/0x1c0\n rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove+0x13d/0x220 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n platform_remove+0x2f/0x50\n device_release_driver_internal+0x24b/0x2e0\n bus_remove_device+0x124/0x1d0\n device_del+0x239/0x530\n platform_device_del.part.0+0x19/0xe0\n platform_device_unregister+0x1c/0x40\n mfd_remove_devices_fn+0x167/0x170\n device_for_each_child_reverse+0xc9/0x130\n mfd_remove_devices+0x6e/0xa0\n rtsx_usb_disconnect+0x2e/0xd0 [rtsx_usb]\n usb_unbind_interface+0xf3/0x3f0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x24b/0x2e0\n proc_disconnect_claim+0x13d/0x220\n usbdev_do_ioctl+0xb5e/0x1860\n usbdev_ioctl+0xa/0x20\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0xc5/0xf0\n do_syscall_64+0x59/0x170\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nLast potentially related work creation:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x85/0x90\n insert_work+0x29/0x100\n __queue_work+0x34a/0x540\n call_timer_fn+0x2a/0x160\n expire_timers+0x5f/0x1f0\n __run_timer_base.part.0+0x1b6/0x1e0\n run_timer_softirq+0x8b/0xe0\n handle_softirqs+0xf9/0x360\n __irq_exit_rcu+0x114/0x130\n sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x72/0x90\n asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x16/0x20\n\nSecond to last potentially related work creation:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x85/0x90\n insert_work+0x29/0x100\n __queue_work+0x34a/0x540\n call_timer_fn+0x2a/0x160\n expire_timers+0x5f/0x1f0\n __run_timer_base.part.0+0x1b6/0x1e0\n run_timer_softirq+0x8b/0xe0\n handle_softirqs+0xf9/0x\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The reporter\u0027s own KASAN trace shows the free being driven entirely from userspace via usbfs ioctls (`USBDEVFS_DISCONNECT_CLAIM` and `USBDEVFS_RESET` through `usbdev_do_ioctl`), requiring no physical manipulation of the reader, only local access to `/dev/bus/usb/...`.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides: the poll_card delayed work is perpetually re-armed every 100 jiffies while a MemStick card is powered, so an unbind issued at any moment reliably lands with a pending timer into the freed object, and the disconnect ioctl can be repeated in a loop until the heap is groomed as desired.\nPR:L - Only an ordinary local account with usbfs access (granted to the active seat user by uaccess/plugdev udev rules on common desktop distributions) is needed; the disconnect-claim and device-reset ioctl paths perform no capability check.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the unbind/reset ioctls itself and no action by another user is required; presence of the Realtek USB card reader is a property of the affected configuration, not victim interaction.\nS:U - The use-after-free is confined to kernel slab memory within the same security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The freed 2048-byte object is re-read by the poll worker and, after slab reclaim, the dangling `ucr`/`pdev`/`msh` pointers loaded from it can be steered to dereference attacker-chosen kernel addresses, yielding an arbitrary-read primitive well beyond the initial 8-byte KASAN-reported leak.\nI:H - The `timer_list` and `work_struct` embedded in the freed region give a direct function-pointer hijack via `call_timer_fn()`, and `mutex_lock(\u0026ucr-\u003edev_mutex)` on a sprayed pointer provides a write primitive, so the UAF is exploitable for control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The unfixed path reliably produces a slab-use-after-free that KASAN reports and that causes kernel oops/panic in ordinary (non-KASAN) kernels, and the trigger can be repeated at will by an unprivileged local user."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:02.551Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/914c5e5bfceb9878f3056eaf4d1c88f2cbe0a185"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9dfaf4d723c62bda8d9d1340e2e78acf0c190439"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31f0eaed6914333f42501fc7e0f6830879f5ef2d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52d942a5302eefb3b7a3bfee310a5a33feeedc21"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6186fb2cd36317277a8423687982140a7f3f7841"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b094e8e3988e02e8cef7a756c8d2cea9c12509ab"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0067cb7d7e7c277e91a0887a3c24e71462379469"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75123adf204f997e11bbddee48408c284f51c050"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4676741a3464b300b486e70585c3c9b692be1632"
        }
      ],
      "title": "memstick: rtsx_usb_ms: Fix slab-use-after-free in rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-22020",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T10:20:37.045Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.807Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:02.551Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-22085",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-21T14:57:43.878838Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-21T15:01:46.413Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/infiniband/core/device.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "0d6460b9d2a3ee380940bdf47680751ef91cb88e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9cbed5aab5aeea420d0aa945733bf608449d44fb",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "56ec8580be5174b2b9774066e60f1aad56d201db",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9cbed5aab5aeea420d0aa945733bf608449d44fb",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "edf6b543e81ba68c6dbac2499ab362098a5a9716",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9cbed5aab5aeea420d0aa945733bf608449d44fb",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "1d6a9e7449e2a0c1e2934eee7880ba8bd1e464cd",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9cbed5aab5aeea420d0aa945733bf608449d44fb",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/infiniband/core/device.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.23",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.13.11",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.23",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.13.11",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.14.2",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRDMA/core: Fix use-after-free when rename device name\n\nSyzbot reported a slab-use-after-free with the following call trace:\n\n==================================================================\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in nla_put+0xd3/0x150 lib/nlattr.c:1099\nRead of size 5 at addr ffff888140ea1c60 by task syz.0.988/10025\n\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 10025 Comm: syz.0.988\nNot tainted 6.14.0-rc4-syzkaller-00859-gf77f12010f67 #0\nHardware name: Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2025\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:408 [inline]\n print_report+0x16e/0x5b0 mm/kasan/report.c:521\n kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:634\n kasan_check_range+0x282/0x290 mm/kasan/generic.c:189\n __asan_memcpy+0x29/0x70 mm/kasan/shadow.c:105\n nla_put+0xd3/0x150 lib/nlattr.c:1099\n nla_put_string include/net/netlink.h:1621 [inline]\n fill_nldev_handle+0x16e/0x200 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:265\n rdma_nl_notify_event+0x561/0xef0 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:2857\n ib_device_notify_register+0x22/0x230 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1344\n ib_register_device+0x1292/0x1460 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1460\n rxe_register_device+0x233/0x350 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1540\n rxe_net_add+0x74/0xf0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:550\n rxe_newlink+0xde/0x1a0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:212\n nldev_newlink+0x5ea/0x680 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1795\n rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline]\n rdma_nl_rcv+0x6dd/0x9e0 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259\n netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1313 [inline]\n netlink_unicast+0x7f6/0x990 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1339\n netlink_sendmsg+0x8de/0xcb0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1883\n sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:709 [inline]\n __sock_sendmsg+0x221/0x270 net/socket.c:724\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x53a/0x860 net/socket.c:2564\n ___sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2618 [inline]\n __sys_sendmsg+0x269/0x350 net/socket.c:2650\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f42d1b8d169\nCode: ff ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 48 89 f8 48 ...\nRSP: 002b:00007f42d2960038 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e\nRAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f42d1da6320 RCX: 00007f42d1b8d169\nRDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00004000000002c0 RDI: 000000000000000c\nRBP: 00007f42d1c0e2a0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000\nR10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007f42d1da6320 R15: 00007ffe399344a8\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 10025:\n kasan_save_stack mm/kasan/common.c:47 [inline]\n kasan_save_track+0x3f/0x80 mm/kasan/common.c:68\n poison_kmalloc_redzone mm/kasan/common.c:377 [inline]\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x98/0xb0 mm/kasan/common.c:394\n kasan_kmalloc include/linux/kasan.h:260 [inline]\n __do_kmalloc_node mm/slub.c:4294 [inline]\n __kmalloc_node_track_caller_noprof+0x28b/0x4c0 mm/slub.c:4313\n __kmemdup_nul mm/util.c:61 [inline]\n kstrdup+0x42/0x100 mm/util.c:81\n kobject_set_name_vargs+0x61/0x120 lib/kobject.c:274\n dev_set_name+0xd5/0x120 drivers/base/core.c:3468\n assign_name drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1202 [inline]\n ib_register_device+0x178/0x1460 drivers/infiniband/core/device.c:1384\n rxe_register_device+0x233/0x350 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_verbs.c:1540\n rxe_net_add+0x74/0xf0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe_net.c:550\n rxe_newlink+0xde/0x1a0 drivers/infiniband/sw/rxe/rxe.c:212\n nldev_newlink+0x5ea/0x680 drivers/infiniband/core/nldev.c:1795\n rdma_nl_rcv_skb drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:239 [inline]\n rdma_nl_rcv+0x6dd/0x9e0 drivers/infiniband/core/netlink.c:259\n netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1313 [inline]\n netlink_unicast+0x7f6/0x990 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1339\n netlink_sendmsg+0x8de/0xcb0 net\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/tipc: fix slab-use-after-free Read in tipc_aead_encrypt_done\n\nSyzbot reported a slab-use-after-free with the following call trace:\n\n  ==================================================================\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_aead_encrypt_done+0x4bd/0x510 net/tipc/crypto.c:840\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88807a733000 by task kworker/1:0/25\n\n  Call Trace:\n   kasan_report+0xd9/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:601\n   tipc_aead_encrypt_done+0x4bd/0x510 net/tipc/crypto.c:840\n   crypto_request_complete include/crypto/algapi.h:266\n   aead_request_complete include/crypto/internal/aead.h:85\n   cryptd_aead_crypt+0x3b8/0x750 crypto/cryptd.c:772\n   crypto_request_complete include/crypto/algapi.h:266\n   cryptd_queue_worker+0x131/0x200 crypto/cryptd.c:181\n   process_one_work+0x9fb/0x1b60 kernel/workqueue.c:3231\n\n  Allocated by task 8355:\n   kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:778\n   tipc_crypto_start+0xcc/0x9e0 net/tipc/crypto.c:1466\n   tipc_init_net+0x2dd/0x430 net/tipc/core.c:72\n   ops_init+0xb9/0x650 net/core/net_namespace.c:139\n   setup_net+0x435/0xb40 net/core/net_namespace.c:343\n   copy_net_ns+0x2f0/0x670 net/core/net_namespace.c:508\n   create_new_namespaces+0x3ea/0xb10 kernel/nsproxy.c:110\n   unshare_nsproxy_namespaces+0xc0/0x1f0 kernel/nsproxy.c:228\n   ksys_unshare+0x419/0x970 kernel/fork.c:3323\n   __do_sys_unshare kernel/fork.c:3394\n\n  Freed by task 63:\n   kfree+0x12a/0x3b0 mm/slub.c:4557\n   tipc_crypto_stop+0x23c/0x500 net/tipc/crypto.c:1539\n   tipc_exit_net+0x8c/0x110 net/tipc/core.c:119\n   ops_exit_list+0xb0/0x180 net/core/net_namespace.c:173\n   cleanup_net+0x5b7/0xbf0 net/core/net_namespace.c:640\n   process_one_work+0x9fb/0x1b60 kernel/workqueue.c:3231\n\nAfter freed the tipc_crypto tx by delete namespace, tipc_aead_encrypt_done\nmay still visit it in cryptd_queue_worker workqueue.\n\nI reproduce this issue by:\n  ip netns add ns1\n  ip link add veth1 type veth peer name veth2\n  ip link set veth1 netns ns1\n  ip netns exec ns1 tipc bearer enable media eth dev veth1\n  ip netns exec ns1 tipc node set key this_is_a_master_key master\n  ip netns exec ns1 tipc bearer disable media eth dev veth1\n  ip netns del ns1\n\nThe key of reproduction is that, simd_aead_encrypt is interrupted, leading\nto crypto_simd_usable() return false. Thus, the cryptd_queue_worker is\ntriggered, and the tipc_crypto tx will be visited.\n\n  tipc_disc_timeout\n    tipc_bearer_xmit_skb\n      tipc_crypto_xmit\n        tipc_aead_encrypt\n          crypto_aead_encrypt\n            // encrypt()\n            simd_aead_encrypt\n              // crypto_simd_usable() is false\n              child = \u0026ctx-\u003ecryptd_tfm-\u003ebase;\n\n  simd_aead_encrypt\n    crypto_aead_encrypt\n      // encrypt()\n      cryptd_aead_encrypt_enqueue\n        cryptd_aead_enqueue\n          cryptd_enqueue_request\n            // trigger cryptd_queue_worker\n            queue_work_on(smp_processor_id(), cryptd_wq, \u0026cpu_queue-\u003ework)\n\nFix this by holding net reference count before encrypt."
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              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable encrypt path is bound to the TIPC network stack and is driven by remote peer traffic \u2014 an inbound DSC_REQ_MSG forces an encrypted DSC_RESP_MSG through tipc_crypto_xmit()/tipc_aead_encrypt() before any node is established, and TIPC bearers include IP/UDP media (CONFIG_TIPC_MEDIA_UDP default y), which is routable across the internet.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 flooding discovery/link-protocol traffic keeps many async cryptd encryptions in flight while the namespace teardown that frees tipc_crypto is issued on demand, and the sequence can be retried without limit; on platforms with asynchronous AEAD accelerators the -EINPROGRESS callback path is taken unconditionally rather than being a race at all.\nPR:L - No real root is needed: the TIPC v2 generic-netlink ops carry no GENL_ADMIN_PERM (the only capability check in net/tipc is the legacy compat path), and `unshare -Urn` grants CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a fresh netns for veth/bearer/key setup, with namespace exit performing the free \u2014 matching the syzbot trace via ksys_unshare \u2192 copy_net_ns \u2192 tipc_crypto_start.\nUI:N - The entire sequence (bearer enable, key set, packet flood, namespace teardown) is performed by the attacker; no victim action or cooperation is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap memory within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The callback reads 8 bytes of freed slab memory (tx-\u003enet at crypto.c:840) and then uses tx-\u003estats and that stale struct net pointer; once the ~320-byte kmalloc object is reclaimed with attacker-chosen data, the resulting pointer dereferences give a path to disclose arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - A reclaimed tipc_crypto yields a fully attacker-controlled tx-\u003estats, so this_cpu_inc(tx-\u003estats-\u003estat[STAT_ASYNC_OK]) becomes a repeatable arbitrary-address increment, and the controlled struct net * is passed into b-\u003emedia-\u003esend_msg() \u2014 both are standard building blocks for kernel privilege escalation.\nA:H - Dereferencing the freed per-netns tipc_crypto from the cryptd worker reliably oopses or panics the kernel, and the trigger can be repeated to keep the system down."
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38086",
    "datePublished": "2025-06-28T07:52:58.293Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.981Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:20:59.045Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/sch_taprio.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "fed87cc6718ad5f80aa739fee3c5979a8b09d3a6",
              "versionType": "git"
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            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
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            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "fed87cc6718ad5f80aa739fee3c5979a8b09d3a6",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/sch_taprio.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.3"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.95",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.35",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.95",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.35",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.15.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: fix use-after-free in taprio_dev_notifier\n\nSince taprio\u2019s taprio_dev_notifier() isn\u2019t protected by an\nRCU read-side critical section, a race with advance_sched()\ncan lead to a use-after-free.\n\nAdding rcu_read_lock() inside taprio_dev_notifier() prevents this."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached by configuring a taprio qdisc and triggering netdev notifier events via rtnetlink/netlink from the local system. Per kernel guidance, tc/netlink qdisc bugs are Local.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 the schedule cycle time (driving advance_sched()\u0027s call_rcu() free at ~48\u00b5s intervals) and the NETDEV_UP/NETDEV_CHANGE events that re-enter the unprotected notifier \u2014 and can retry indefinitely, with the window widened further on the PREEMPT/PREEMPT_RT kernels typical of TSN deployments.\nPR:L - Only CAP_NET_ADMIN within a network namespace is needed, which any unprivileged user obtains via `unshare -Urn` since rtnetlink uses namespace-scoped netlink_net_capable(); the required multiqueue device is created as a veth with IFLA_NUM_TX_QUEUES.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all steps \u2014 qdisc creation, schedule replacement, and link state changes \u2014 entirely on their own. No victim action is involved.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap memory within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The use-after-free reads max_open_gate_duration[] and cycle_time from a freed, attacker-sprayable kmalloc-512 object, and with heap grooming a UAF of this kind yields an arbitrary kernel memory read primitive.\nI:H - taprio_update_queue_max_sdu() writes 32 attacker-influenced u32 values (derived from the user-supplied TCA_TAPRIO_TC_ENTRY_MAX_SDU) into fixed offsets 128\u2013255 of the freed object, giving a controlled-value write into a reclaimed general-purpose slab object that is exploitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The use-after-free corrupts arbitrary reclaimed kernel objects and reliably causes oops/panic, and the race can be re-triggered in a loop for repeated crashes."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:59:24.523Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8c5713ce1ced75f9e9ed5c642ea3d2ba06ead69c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8a008c89e5e5c5332e4c0a33d707db9ddd529f8a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b1547d28ba468bc3b88764efd13e4319bab63be8"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b160766e26d4e2e2d6fe2294e0b02f92baefcec5"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net/sched: fix use-after-free in taprio_dev_notifier",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38087",
    "datePublished": "2025-06-30T07:29:43.325Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.982Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:59:24.523Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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