Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-113
AllowedImproper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives data from an HTTP agent/component (e.g., web server, proxy, browser, etc.), but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CR and LF characters before the data is included in outgoing HTTP headers.
177 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2019-16771 (GCVE-0-2019-16771)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2019-12-06 19:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 01:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting') in Armeria
Summary
Versions of Armeria 0.85.0 through and including 0.96.0 are vulnerable to HTTP response splitting, which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers via CRLF sequences when unsanitized data is used to populate the headers of an HTTP response. This vulnerability has been patched in 0.97.0. Potential impacts of this vulnerability include cross-user defacement, cache poisoning, Cross-site scripting (XSS), and page hijacking.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/line/armeria/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/line/armeria/commit/b597f7a865… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2019-15259 (GCVE-0-2019-15259)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2019-10-02 19:06 – Updated: 2024-11-21 19:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Unified Contact Center Express HTTP Response Splitting Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco Unified Contact Center Express (UCCX) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct an HTTP response splitting attack. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of some parameters that are passed to the web server of the affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a user to follow a malicious link or by intercepting a user request on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform cross-site scripting attacks, web cache poisoning, access sensitive browser-based information, and similar exploits.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Contact Center Express |
Affected:
unspecified , < n/a
(custom)
|
Date Public
2019-10-02 00:00
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CVE-2018-13814 (GCVE-0-2018-13814)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-12-13 16:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 09:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC HMI Comfort Panels 4" - 22" (All versions < V14), SIMATIC HMI Comfort Outdoor Panels 7" & 15" (All versions < V14), SIMATIC HMI KTP Mobile Panels KTP400F, KTP700, KTP700F, KTP900 and KTP900F (All versions < V14), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Advanced (All versions < V14), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional (All versions < V14), SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) (All versions < V14), SIMATIC HMI Classic Devices (TP/MP/OP/MP Mobile Panel) (All versions). The integrated web server (port 80/tcp and port 443/tcp) of the affected devices could allow an attacker to inject HTTP headers. An attacker must trick a valid user who is authenticated to the device into clicking on a malicious link to exploit the vulnerability. At the time of advisory publication no public exploitation of this security vulnerability was known.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-113 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Response Splitting')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105931 | vdb-entryx_refsource_BID |
| https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/s… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens AG | SIMATIC HMI Comfort Panels 4" - 22", SIMATIC HMI Comfort Outdoor Panels 7" & 15", SIMATIC HMI KTP Mobile Panels KTP400F, KTP700, KTP700F, KTP900 und KTP900F, SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Advanced, SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional, SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal), SIMATIC HMI Classic Devices (TP/MP/OP/MP Mobile Panel) |
Affected:
SIMATIC HMI Comfort Panels 4" - 22" : All versions < V14
Affected: SIMATIC HMI Comfort Outdoor Panels 7" & 15" : All versions < V14 Affected: SIMATIC HMI KTP Mobile Panels KTP400F, KTP700, KTP700F, KTP900 und KTP900F : All versions < V14 Affected: SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Advanced : All versions < V14 Affected: SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional : All versions < V14 Affected: SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal) : All versions < V14 Affected: SIMATIC HMI Classic Devices (TP/MP/OP/MP Mobile Panel) : All versions |
Date Public
2018-12-13 00:00
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CVE-2018-1067 (GCVE-0-2018-1067)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-05-21 17:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 03:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Undertow before versions 7.1.2.CR1, 7.1.2.GA it was found that the fix for CVE-2016-4993 was incomplete and Undertow web server is vulnerable to the injection of arbitrary HTTP headers, and also response splitting, due to insufficient sanitization and validation of user input before the input is used as part of an HTTP header value.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1248 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1251 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2643 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1247 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:1249 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0877 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
Date Public
2018-03-01 00:00
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CVE-2017-12309 (GCVE-0-2017-12309)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2017-11-16 07:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 18:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in the Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a HTTP response splitting attack. The vulnerability is due to the failure of the application or its environment to properly sanitize input values. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious HTTP headers, controlling the response body, or splitting the response into multiple responses. An exploit could allow the attacker to perform cross-site scripting attacks, cross-user defacement, web cache poisoning, and similar exploits. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvf16705.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039831 | vdb-entryx_refsource_SECTRACK |
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101928 | vdb-entryx_refsource_BID |
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Cisco Email Security Appliance |
Affected:
Cisco Email Security Appliance
|
Date Public
2017-11-16 00:00
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CVE-2017-12308 (GCVE-0-2017-12308)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-01-18 06:00 – Updated: 2024-12-02 21:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in the web framework of Cisco Small Business Managed Switches software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct an HTTP response splitting attack against a user of the web interface of an affected system. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of some parameters that are passed to the web server of the affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a user to follow a malicious link or by intercepting a user request and injecting malicious code into the request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected web interface or allow the attacker to access sensitive browser-based information. This vulnerability affects the following Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches: Cisco 350 Series Managed Switches, Cisco 350X Series Stackable Managed Switches, Cisco 550X Series Stackable Managed Switches, Cisco ESW2 Series Advanced Switches, Cisco Small Business 300 Series Managed Switches, Cisco Small Business 500 Series Stackable Managed Switches. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg29980.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches |
Affected:
Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches
|
Date Public
2018-01-18 00:00
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"value": "A vulnerability in the web framework of Cisco Small Business Managed Switches software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct an HTTP response splitting attack against a user of the web interface of an affected system. The vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation of some parameters that are passed to the web server of the affected system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by convincing a user to follow a malicious link or by intercepting a user request and injecting malicious code into the request. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary script code in the context of the affected web interface or allow the attacker to access sensitive browser-based information. This vulnerability affects the following Cisco Small Business 300 and 500 Series Managed Switches: Cisco 350 Series Managed Switches, Cisco 350X Series Stackable Managed Switches, Cisco 550X Series Stackable Managed Switches, Cisco ESW2 Series Advanced Switches, Cisco Small Business 300 Series Managed Switches, Cisco Small Business 500 Series Stackable Managed Switches. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg29980."
}
]
},
"problemtype": {
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"description": [
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"lang": "eng",
"value": "CWE-113"
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}
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},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20180117-300-500-smb2",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20180117-300-500-smb2"
}
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}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
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"cveId": "CVE-2017-12308",
"datePublished": "2018-01-18T06:00:00.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2017-08-03T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-12-02T21:46:39.725Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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CVE-2017-7528 (GCVE-0-2017-7528)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-08-22 16:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 16:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Ansible Tower as shipped with Red Hat CloudForms Management Engine 5 is vulnerable to CRLF Injection. It was found that X-Forwarded-For header allows internal servers to deploy other systems (using callback).
Severity
5.2 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105143 | vdb-entryx_refsource_BID |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Ansible Tower |
Affected:
As shipped with Red Hat CloudForms Management Engine 5
|
Date Public
2018-08-22 00:00
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GHSA-24R8-FM9R-CPJ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-12-05 18:40 – Updated: 2024-05-15 06:34
VLAI
Summary
Low severity vulnerability that affects com.linecorp.armeria:armeria
Details
Multiple timing attack vulnerabilities leading to the recovery of secrets based on the use of non-constant time compare function
Impact
String comparison method in multiple authentication validation in Armeria were known to be vulnerable to timing attacks. This vulnerability is caused by the insecure implementation of equals method from java.lang.String. While this attack is not practically possible, an attacker still has a potential to attack if the victim's server validates user by using equals method.
We would like to thank @chrsow for pointing out the issue.
Potentially vulnerable codes
https://github.com/line/armeria/blob/f0d870fde1088114070be31b67f7df0a21e835c6/core/src/main/java/com/linecorp/armeria/server/auth/OAuth2Token.java#L54 https://github.com/line/armeria/blob/f0d870fde1088114070be31b67f7df0a21e835c6/core/src/main/java/com/linecorp/armeria/server/auth/BasicToken.java#L64
Patches
There are two options to patch this issue.
-
Remove
equalsmethod; it has been exclusively used for test cases and was never used in any OSS projects that are using Armeria. (But it is worth noting that there are possibilities of closed projects authenticating users by utilizingequalsmethod) -
Use
MessageDigest.isEqualto compare the credential instead.
Workarounds
- Update to the latest version (TBD)
2-1. Users can prevent these vulnerabilities by modifying and implementing timing attack preventions by themselves.
2-2. Precisely speaking, it is possible to compare credentials by securely comparing them after calling methods to directly return the input (namely Object. accessToken(), Object.username() and Object.password()).
References
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/208.html
- https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/111040/should-i-worry-about-remote-timing-attacks-on-string-comparison
Side Note
Since it is a theoretical attack, there is no PoC available from neither the vendor nor the security team.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.linecorp.armeria:armeria"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.50.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.97.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-16771"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-113"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T20:51:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Multiple timing attack vulnerabilities leading to the recovery of secrets based on the use of non-constant time compare function\n\n### Impact\n\nString comparison method in multiple authentication validation in Armeria were known to be vulnerable to timing attacks. This vulnerability is caused by the insecure implementation of `equals` method from `java.lang.String`. While this attack is not practically possible, an attacker still has a potential to attack if the victim\u0027s server validates user by using `equals` method.\n\nWe would like to thank @chrsow for pointing out the issue.\n\n## Potentially vulnerable codes\n\nhttps://github.com/line/armeria/blob/f0d870fde1088114070be31b67f7df0a21e835c6/core/src/main/java/com/linecorp/armeria/server/auth/OAuth2Token.java#L54\nhttps://github.com/line/armeria/blob/f0d870fde1088114070be31b67f7df0a21e835c6/core/src/main/java/com/linecorp/armeria/server/auth/BasicToken.java#L64\n\n### Patches\n\nThere are two options to patch this issue.\n\n1. Remove `equals` method; it has been exclusively used for test cases and was never used in any OSS projects that are using Armeria. (But it is worth noting that there are possibilities of closed projects authenticating users by utilizing `equals` method)\n\n2. Use `MessageDigest.isEqual` to compare the credential instead.\n\n### Workarounds\n\n1. Update to the latest version (TBD)\n\n2-1. Users can prevent these vulnerabilities by modifying and implementing timing attack preventions by themselves.\n\n2-2. Precisely speaking, it is possible to compare credentials by securely comparing them after calling methods to directly return the input (namely `Object. accessToken()`, `Object.username()` and `Object.password()`).\n\n### References\n- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/208.html\n- https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/111040/should-i-worry-about-remote-timing-attacks-on-string-comparison\n\n### Side Note\n\nSince it is a theoretical attack, there is no PoC available from neither the vendor nor the security team.",
"id": "GHSA-24r8-fm9r-cpj2",
"modified": "2024-05-15T06:34:23Z",
"published": "2019-12-05T18:40:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/line/armeria/security/advisories/GHSA-24r8-fm9r-cpj2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/line/armeria/security/advisories/GHSA-35fr-h7jr-hh86"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-16771"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/line/armeria/commit/b597f7a865a527a84ee3d6937075cfbb4470ed20"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-24r8-fm9r-cpj2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Low severity vulnerability that affects com.linecorp.armeria:armeria"
}
GHSA-26PP-8WGV-HJVM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-08 00:17 – Updated: 2026-04-08 00:17
VLAI
Summary
Hono missing validation of cookie name on write path in setCookie()
Details
Summary
Cookie names are not validated on the write path when using setCookie(), serialize(), or serializeSigned() to generate Set-Cookie headers.
While certain cookie attributes such as domain and path are validated, the cookie name itself may contain invalid characters.
This results in inconsistent handling of cookie names between parsing (read path) and serialization (write path).
Details
When applications use setCookie(), serialize(), or serializeSigned() with a user-controlled cookie name, invalid values (e.g., containing control characters such as \r or \n) can be used to construct malformed Set-Cookie header values.
For example:
Set-Cookie: legit
X-Injected: evil=value
However, in modern runtimes such as Node.js and Cloudflare Workers, such invalid header values are rejected and result in a runtime error before the response is sent.
As a result, the reported header injection / response splitting behavior could not be reproduced in these environments.
Impact
Applications that pass untrusted input as the cookie name to setCookie(), serialize(), or serializeSigned() may encounter runtime errors due to invalid header values.
In tested environments, malformed Set-Cookie headers are rejected before being sent, and the reported header injection behavior could not be reproduced.
This issue primarily affects correctness and robustness rather than introducing a confirmed exploitable vulnerability.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "hono"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.12.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-113"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-08T00:17:02Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nCookie names are not validated on the write path when using `setCookie()`, `serialize()`, or `serializeSigned()` to generate Set-Cookie headers.\n\nWhile certain cookie attributes such as domain and path are validated, the cookie name itself may contain invalid characters.\n\nThis results in inconsistent handling of cookie names between parsing (read path) and serialization (write path).\n\n## Details\n\nWhen applications use `setCookie()`, `serialize()`, or `serializeSigned()` with a user-controlled cookie name, invalid values (e.g., containing control characters such as `\\r` or `\\n`) can be used to construct malformed `Set-Cookie` header values.\n\nFor example:\n\n```\nSet-Cookie: legit\nX-Injected: evil=value\n```\n\nHowever, in modern runtimes such as Node.js and Cloudflare Workers, such invalid header values are rejected and result in a runtime error before the response is sent.\n\nAs a result, the reported header injection / response splitting behavior could not be reproduced in these environments.\n\n## Impact\n\nApplications that pass untrusted input as the cookie name to `setCookie()`, `serialize()`, or `serializeSigned()` may encounter runtime errors due to invalid header values.\n\nIn tested environments, malformed `Set-Cookie` headers are rejected before being sent, and the reported header injection behavior could not be reproduced.\n\nThis issue primarily affects correctness and robustness rather than introducing a confirmed exploitable vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-26pp-8wgv-hjvm",
"modified": "2026-04-08T00:17:02Z",
"published": "2026-04-08T00:17:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-26pp-8wgv-hjvm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/a586cd72e3f6122792e631ecf1817e5cabb803ec"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/honojs/hono"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/releases/tag/v4.12.12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Hono missing validation of cookie name on write path in setCookie()"
}
GHSA-2Q8V-QX2X-HXJX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:13 – Updated: 2025-03-13 17:57
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins allows HTTP Injection and Response Splitting
Details
CRLF injection vulnerability in Jenkins before 1.491, Jenkins LTS before 1.480.1, and Jenkins Enterprise 1.424.x before 1.424.6.13, 1.447.x before 1.447.4.1, and 1.466.x before 1.466.10.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via unspecified vectors.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.481"
},
{
"fixed": "1.491"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.main:jenkins-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.480.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-6072"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-113",
"CWE-20"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-13T17:57:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2013-02-24T22:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "CRLF injection vulnerability in Jenkins before 1.491, Jenkins LTS before 1.480.1, and Jenkins Enterprise 1.424.x before 1.424.6.13, 1.447.x before 1.447.4.1, and 1.466.x before 1.466.10.1 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-2q8v-qx2x-hxjx",
"modified": "2025-03-13T17:57:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:13:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-6072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=890607"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/jenkins"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.jenkins-ci.org/display/SECURITY/Jenkins+Security+Advisory+2012-11-20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0220.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cloudbees.com/jenkins-advisory/jenkins-security-advisory-2012-11-20.cb"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins allows HTTP Injection and Response Splitting"
}
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Construct HTTP headers very carefully, avoiding the use of non-validated input data.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. If an input does not strictly conform to specifications, reject it or transform it into something that conforms.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-30
Implementation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to split a single HTTP request into multiple unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content, in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server) or into an already spoofed HTTP response from an adversary controlled domain/site.
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.