Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5215 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-40601 (GCVE-0-2025-40601)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-20 12:26 – Updated: 2025-11-20 18:31
VLAI
Summary
A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the SonicOS SSLVPN service allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS), which could cause an impacted firewall to crash.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SonicWall SonicOS Affected: 7.3.0-7012 and older versions
Affected: 8.0.2-8011 and older versions
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-11-20 12:20
Credits
Saikiran Madugula of SonicWall
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-40596 (GCVE-0-2025-40596)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-23 14:46 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Summary
A Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the SMA100 series web interface allows remote, unauthenticated attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS) or potentially results in code execution.
Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
SonicWall SMA 100 Series Affected: 10.2.1.15-81sv and earlier versions
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-23 14:39
Credits
Sina Kheirkhah
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-40580 (GCVE-0-2025-40580)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 09:39 – Updated: 2025-07-08 10:34
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V4.0 HF0). Affected devices are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. This could allow a non-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary code on the device or to cause a denial of service condition.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Siemens SCALANCE LPE9403 Affected: 0 , < V4.0 HF0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-40579 (GCVE-0-2025-40579)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-13 09:39 – Updated: 2025-07-08 10:34
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions < V4.0 HF0). Affected devices are vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow. This could allow a non-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary code on the device or to cause a denial of service condition.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Siemens SCALANCE LPE9403 Affected: 0 , < V4.0 HF0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-36097 (GCVE-0-2025-36097)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-16 17:44 – Updated: 2025-08-18 01:34
VLAI
Title
IBM WebSphere Application Server denial of service
Summary
IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.7 are vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by a stack-based overflow. An attacker can send a specially crafted request that cause the server to consume excessive memory resources.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7239856 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM WebSphere Application Server Affected: 9.0
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty Affected: 17.0.0.3 , ≤ 25.0.0.7 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:17.0.0.3:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:websphere_application_server:25.0.0.7:*:*:*:liberty:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-35003 (GCVE-0-2025-35003)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-26 10:03 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:27
VLAI
Title
Apache NuttX RTOS: NuttX Bluetooth Stack HCI and UART DoS/RCE Vulnerabilities.
Summary
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer and Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities were discovered in Apache NuttX RTOS Bluetooth Stack (HCI and UART components) that may result in system crash, denial of service, or arbitrary code execution, after receiving maliciously crafted packets. NuttX's Bluetooth HCI/UART stack users are advised to upgrade to version 12.9.0, which fixes the identified implementation issues. This issue affects Apache NuttX: from 7.25 before 12.9.0.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache NuttX RTOS Affected: 7.25 , < 12.9.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Chongqing Lei <leicq@seu.edu.cn> Zhen Ling <zhenling@seu.edu.cn> Chongqing Lei <leicq@seu.edu.cn> Tomek CEDRO <tomek@cedro.info>
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-34468 (GCVE-0-2025-34468)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-31 18:39 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:26
VLAI
Title
libcoap Stack-Based Buffer Overflow in Address Resolution DoS or Potential RCE
Summary
libcoap versions up to and including 4.3.5, prior to commit 30db3ea, contain a stack-based buffer overflow in address resolution when attacker-controlled hostname data is copied into a fixed 256-byte stack buffer without proper bounds checking. A remote attacker can trigger a crash and potentially achieve remote code execution depending on compiler options and runtime memory protections. Exploitation requires the proxy logic to be enabled (i.e., the proxy request handling code path in an application using libcoap).
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
libcoap libcoap Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.3.5 (semver)
Unaffected: 30db3eaa1f0464722ebea2ca2d5084aebfbd344d (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
SecMate
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-34457 (GCVE-0-2025-34457)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-22 21:30 – Updated: 2026-03-23 15:43
VLAI
Title
wb2osz/direwolf <= 1.8.1 Stack-based Buffer Overflow DoS
Summary
wb2osz/direwolf (Dire Wolf) versions up to and including 1.8, prior to commit 694c954, contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function kiss_rec_byte() located in src/kiss_frame.c. When processing crafted KISS frames that reach the maximum allowed frame length (MAX_KISS_LEN), the function appends a terminating FEND byte without reserving sufficient space in the stack buffer. This results in an out-of-bounds write followed by an out-of-bounds read during the subsequent call to kiss_unwrap(), leading to stack memory corruption or application crashes. This vulnerability may allow remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger a denial-of-service condition.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wb2osz Dire Wolf Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.8.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 694c95485b21c1c22bc4682703771dec4d7a374b (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Vlatko Kosturjak with Marlink Cyber
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-34451 (GCVE-0-2025-34451)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 21:16 – Updated: 2026-05-14 02:08
VLAI
Title
rofl0r/proxychains-ng <= 4.17 Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Summary
rofl0r/proxychains-ng versions up to and including 4.17 and prior to commit cc005b7 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function proxy_from_string() located in src/libproxychains.c. When parsing crafted proxy configuration entries containing overly long username or password fields, the application may write beyond the bounds of fixed-size stack buffers, leading to memory corruption or crashes. This vulnerability may allow denial of service and, under certain conditions, could be leveraged for further exploitation depending on the execution environment and applied mitigations.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rofl0r proxychains-ng Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.17 (custom)
Unaffected: cc005b7132811c9149e77b5e33cff359fc95512e (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Vlatko Kosturjak with Marlink Cyber
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-34450 (GCVE-0-2025-34450)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 21:15 – Updated: 2026-05-14 02:08
VLAI
Title
merbanan/rtl_433 <= 25.02 Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Summary
merbanan/rtl_433 versions up to and including 25.02 and prior to commit 25e47f8 contain a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the function parse_rfraw() located in src/rfraw.c. When processing crafted or excessively large raw RF input data, the application may write beyond the bounds of a stack buffer, resulting in memory corruption or a crash. This vulnerability can be exploited to cause a denial of service and, under certain conditions, may be leveraged for further exploitation depending on the execution environment and available mitigations.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-121 - Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
merbanan rtl_433 Affected: 0 , ≤ 25.02 (custom)
Unaffected: 25e47f8932f0401392ef1d3c8cc9ed5595bc894a (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Vlatko Kosturjak with Marlink Cyber
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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