Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11369 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q39M-4PXM-4X89
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-12 03:33 – Updated: 2024-12-12 03:33
VLAI
Details
Wireless Wide Area Network Service (WwanSvc) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49111"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-12T02:04:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Wireless Wide Area Network Service (WwanSvc) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-q39m-4pxm-4x89",
"modified": "2024-12-12T03:33:05Z",
"published": "2024-12-12T03:33:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49111"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-49111"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q39V-W8XH-MPXX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:46
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2017.011.30113 and earlier version, and 2015.006.30464 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7059"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-24T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2019.010.20069 and earlier, 2017.011.30113 and earlier version, and 2015.006.30464 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-q39v-w8xh-mpxx",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:46:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7059"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb19-07.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q3F7-G5XR-Q9XP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:54 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:38
VLAI
Details
The iw_get_ui16be function in imagew-util.c:422:24 in libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener 1.3.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read and SEGV) via a crafted image, related to imagew-jpeg.c.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9205"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-23T04:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The iw_get_ui16be function in imagew-util.c:422:24 in libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener 1.3.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid read and SEGV) via a crafted image, related to imagew-jpeg.c.",
"id": "GHSA-q3f7-g5xr-q9xp",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:38:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:54:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9205"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jsummers/imageworsener/commit/b45cb1b665a14b0175b9cb1502ef7168e1fe0d5d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/05/20/imageworsener-multiple-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q3FG-223F-3HVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-03 21:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 03:30
VLAI
Details
In meta wifi, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07453594; Issue ID: ALPS07453594.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-32641"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-20"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-03T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In meta wifi, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07453594; Issue ID: ALPS07453594.",
"id": "GHSA-q3fg-223f-3hvq",
"modified": "2023-01-10T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2023-01-03T21:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-32641"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/January-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q3FM-M628-4XWW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:18 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:18
VLAI
Details
In flv extractor, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS05561362; Issue ID: ALPS05561362.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0411"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-25T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In flv extractor, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS05561362; Issue ID: ALPS05561362.",
"id": "GHSA-q3fm-m628-4xww",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:18:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:18:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/October-2021"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q3G3-H9R4-PRRC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-25 14:42 – Updated: 2024-11-13 20:53
VLAI
Summary
Reference binding to nullptr and heap OOB in binary cwise ops
Details
Impact
An attacker can cause undefined behavior via binding a reference to null pointer in all binary cwise operations that don't require broadcasting (e.g., gradients of binary cwise operations):
import tensorflow as tf
tf.raw_ops.SqrtGrad(y=[4, 16],dy=[])
The implementation assumes that the two inputs have exactly the same number of elements but does not check that. Hence, when the eigen functor executes it triggers heap OOB reads and undefined behavior due to binding to nullptr.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 93f428fd1768df147171ed674fee1fc5ab8309ec.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.6.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.5.1, TensorFlow 2.4.3, and TensorFlow 2.3.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.5.0"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-cpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.5.0"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "tensorflow-gpu"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.5.0"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-37659"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-08-24T13:19:13Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAn attacker can cause undefined behavior via binding a reference to null pointer in all binary cwise operations that don\u0027t require broadcasting (e.g., gradients of binary cwise operations):\n\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\n\ntf.raw_ops.SqrtGrad(y=[4, 16],dy=[])\n```\n \nThe [implementation](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/84d053187cb80d975ef2b9684d4b61981bca0c41/tensorflow/core/kernels/cwise_ops_common.h#L264) assumes that the two inputs have exactly the same number of elements but does not check that. Hence, when the eigen functor executes it triggers heap OOB reads and undefined behavior due to binding to nullptr.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [93f428fd1768df147171ed674fee1fc5ab8309ec](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/93f428fd1768df147171ed674fee1fc5ab8309ec).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.6.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.5.1, TensorFlow 2.4.3, and TensorFlow 2.3.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n \n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n### Attribution \nThis vulnerability has been reported by members of the Aivul Team from Qihoo 360.",
"id": "GHSA-q3g3-h9r4-prrc",
"modified": "2024-11-13T20:53:28Z",
"published": "2021-08-25T14:42:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-q3g3-h9r4-prrc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-37659"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/93f428fd1768df147171ed674fee1fc5ab8309ec"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-cpu/PYSEC-2021-572.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-gpu/PYSEC-2021-770.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow/PYSEC-2021-281.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Reference binding to nullptr and heap OOB in binary cwise ops"
}
GHSA-Q3G8-363Q-G9QQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:36
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in picoTCP 1.7.0. The code for processing the IPv6 headers does not validate whether the IPv6 payload length field is equal to the actual size of the payload, which leads to an Out-of-Bounds read during the ICMPv6 checksum calculation, resulting in either Denial-of-Service or Information Disclosure. This affects pico_ipv6_extension_headers and pico_checksum_adder (in pico_ipv6.c and pico_frame.c).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-17441"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-11T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in picoTCP 1.7.0. The code for processing the IPv6 headers does not validate whether the IPv6 payload length field is equal to the actual size of the payload, which leads to an Out-of-Bounds read during the ICMPv6 checksum calculation, resulting in either Denial-of-Service or Information Disclosure. This affects pico_ipv6_extension_headers and pico_checksum_adder (in pico_ipv6.c and pico_frame.c).",
"id": "GHSA-q3g8-363q-g9qq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:36:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:36:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-17441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-343-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/815128"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-Q3GJ-HCPW-3429
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 18:31
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54902"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:16:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.",
"id": "GHSA-q3gj-hcpw-3429",
"modified": "2025-09-09T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54902"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q3GM-VP97-W99P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:59 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:59
VLAI
Details
In Qemu 3.0.0, lsi_do_msgin in hw/scsi/lsi53c895a.c allows out-of-bounds access by triggering an invalid msg_len value.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18849"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-21T16:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Qemu 3.0.0, lsi_do_msgin in hw/scsi/lsi53c895a.c allows out-of-bounds access by triggering an invalid msg_len value.",
"id": "GHSA-q3gm-vp97-w99p",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:59:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:59:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/05/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LQIBTGNRDQEXGAAYHE4JIWFAYFNHZ6QP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2018-10/msg06401.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/May/76"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190411-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3826-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4454"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-12/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-12/msg00028.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2018-12/msg00043.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2018/11/01/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q3HH-QH22-77X8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-10 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:32
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
vfio/platform: check the bounds of read/write syscalls
count and offset are passed from user space and not checked, only offset is capped to 40 bits, which can be used to read/write out of bounds of the device.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21687"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-10T16:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvfio/platform: check the bounds of read/write syscalls\n\ncount and offset are passed from user space and not checked, only\noffset is capped to 40 bits, which can be used to read/write out of\nbounds of the device.",
"id": "GHSA-q3hh-qh22-77x8",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:32:35Z",
"published": "2025-02-10T18:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21687"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f65ce06387f8c1fb54bd59e18a8428248ec68eaf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f21636f24b6786c8b13f1af4319fa75ffcf17f38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ed81d82bb6e9df3a137f2c343ed689e6c68268ef"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d19a8650fd3d7aed8d1af1d9a77f979a8430eba1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ce9ff21ea89d191e477a02ad7eabf4f996b80a69"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c981c32c38af80737a2fedc16e270546d139ccdd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a20fcaa230f7472456d12cf761ed13938e320ac3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9377cdc118cf327248f1a9dde7b87de067681dc9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92340e6c5122d823ad064984ef7513eba9204048"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6bcb8a5b70b80143db9bf12dfa7d53636f824d53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/665cfd1083866f87301bbd232cb8ba48dcf4acce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61ba518195d61c38c6cb86f83135e51f93735442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/198090eb6f5f094cf3a268c3c30ef1e9c84a6dbe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1485932496a1b025235af8aa1e21988d6b7ccd54"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/03844b1908114680ca35fa0a0aba3d906a6d78af"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.