Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1333
AllowedInefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
959 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-121577 (GCVE-0-2026-121577)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 19:52 – Updated: 2026-11-03 19:52 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unescaped header separators in whatstk build a regular expression that backtracks exponentially
Summary
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity (CWE-1333) in generate_regex() (whatstk/whatsapp/parser.py) in whatstk from 0.2.0 before 0.9.0 allows a party that supplies a chat export to consume the CPU of the process that parses it for an unbounded time, because the function builds the header regular expression by replacing each %x code with its named capture group and leaves every other character of the header format in the pattern unescaped. A header whose date separator is a regular expression metacharacter therefore alters the pattern instead of matching itself: a separator of + quantifies the preceding capture group, giving (?P<day>\d{1,2})+(?P<month>\d{1,2})+(?P<year>\d{2,4}), and a run of digits that cannot complete the header then makes the engine try every way of partitioning that run. Header auto detection is enabled by default and derives the format from the text of the file, so the separator is taken from the export itself and no header format has to be passed by the caller. Separators of (, ) and \ instead raise re.PatternError, separators of *, | and ? raise TypeError, and separators of ^ and $ raise KeyError, none of which the library catches. This results in the parse of a file of a few hundred bytes consuming CPU without completing, or in an uncaught exception in the calling program.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lucasrodes/whatstk/pull/181 | patch |
| https://github.com/lucasrodes/whatstk/commit/01d66d8 | patch |
| https://github.com/lucasrodes/whatstk/releases/ta… | release-notes |
| https://secur0.com/en/cna/cve-list/cve-2026-12157… | third-party-advisorytechnical-description |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| lucasrodes | whatstk |
Affected:
0.2.0 , < 0.9.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:lucasrodes:whatstk:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:* |
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CVE-2026-120217 (GCVE-0-2026-120217)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-01 06:15 – Updated: 2026-11-01 06:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Delgan loguru ANSI Color-Markup _colorizer.py AnsiParser.feed redos
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Delgan loguru 0.7.3. The affected element is the function AnsiParser.feed of the file loguru/_colorizer.py of the component ANSI Color-Markup Parser. Performing a manipulation results in inefficient regular expression complexity. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429568 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/429568/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-120217 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/992264 | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-119300 (GCVE-0-2026-119300)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-30 16:29 – Updated: 2026-10-30 16:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wekan: ReDoS via Unescaped User Input in RegExp
Summary
Wekan is open source kanban built with Meteor. Prior to 11.11, the user-search publication in server/publications/users.js and the searchUsers method in server/models/users.js pass authenticated user-controlled searchTerm and query values to new RegExp() without escaping regular-expression metacharacters. MongoDB-backed deployments evaluate the resulting patterns with PCRE2, allowing a logged-in user to submit catastrophic-backtracking expressions that consume database CPU and degrade or deny service to other users; searchUsers additionally requires board membership or site-admin status. The FerretDB v1 / RE2 unaffected configuration is not practically affected by catastrophic backtracking. This issue is fixed in version 11.11.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wekan/wekan/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/wekan/wekan/commit/4ce5cf6e102… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/wekan/wekan/releases/tag/v11.11 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-119202 (GCVE-0-2026-119202)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-29 20:24 – Updated: 2026-11-03 16:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
@hapi/content: quadratic-time parsing of Content-Disposition parameters allows denial of service
Summary
@hapi/content provides HTTP Content-* header parsing. From 3.0.6 until 6.0.3, Content.disposition() uses an unanchored parameter-name expression in a global regular-expression scan, causing repeated failed matching over the remaining input when a Content-Disposition parameter contains a long token without an equals sign. The resulting quadratic processing can block the Node.js event loop before route handlers or validation when @hapi/pez parses multipart/form-data headers, including unauthenticated hapi routes with payload.multipart enabled, and also affects applications that pass untrusted headers directly to Content.disposition(). This issue is fixed in @hapi/content version 6.0.3.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 16:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/hapijs/content/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/hapijs/content/commit/0993851d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapijs/content/releases/tag/v6.0.3 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-118993 (GCVE-0-2026-118993)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-30 13:11 – Updated: 2026-10-30 13:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CallBackery versions before 0.62.0 for Perl allow denial of service via the request path interpolated as a regular expression under CGI, FastCGI and PSGI
Summary
CallBackery versions before 0.62.0 for Perl allow denial of service via the request path interpolated as a regular expression under CGI, FastCGI and PSGI.
The before_dispatch hook installed by startup() removes PATH_INFO from the end of the request URI with a substitution that interpolates PATH_INFO unquoted. Under CGI, FastCGI and PSGI both values come from the request, so the client chooses both the pattern and the string it is matched against.
A short unauthenticated request with a backreference in the path backtracks exponentially and can keep a worker process busy for minutes.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://metacpan.org/release/OETIKER/CallBackery-… | release-notes |
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CVE-2026-118779 (GCVE-0-2026-118779)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-29 18:45 – Updated: 2026-10-29 20:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Forge: Regular expression denial of service in PEM decoding (pem.decode)
Summary
Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, the affected implementation used pem.decode(), lib/pem.js, missing END line to process the relevant input or security decision. node-forge used polynomial-time regular expressions in pem.decode(), including when searching for a matching END line and parsing encapsulated headers. An unauthenticated attacker able to supply PEM input to any high-level parser could consume excessive CPU with a long malformed message and cause denial of service. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 20:22 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/412… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| digitalbazaar | forge |
Affected:
< 1.4.1
|
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CVE-2026-118772 (GCVE-0-2026-118772)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-29 18:13 – Updated: 2026-10-29 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
joi: quadratic-time split in `string().email({ multiple: true })` allows denial of service
Summary
joi is a schema description language and data validator for JavaScript. From 17.1.1 until 17.13.9 and 18.3.1, the Joi.string().email({ multiple: true }) rule uses a separator regular expression whose leading whitespace quantifier is retried at every position in a long whitespace run that contains no separator, causing quadratic work during String.prototype.split. The behavior applies to the default separator and every custom separator. Applications that validate attacker-controlled values with the multiple option and no effective prior length limit can have the Node.js event loop blocked for seconds by one request, preventing other work. A .max() rule is not sufficient when abortEarly: false allows the email rule to run after the maximum-length check fails. This vulnerability is fixed in versions 17.13.9 and 18.3.1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/pull/3162 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/pull/3163 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/commit/03dc1d909818… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/commit/807858d7480f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/releases/tag/v17.13.9 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/hapijs/joi/releases/tag/v18.3.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-118686 (GCVE-0-2026-118686)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-28 18:59 – Updated: 2026-11-03 13:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
EspoCRM before 9.3.11 and 10.0.8 Unauthenticated Denial of Service via Password-Redaction Regex
Summary
EspoCRM before 9.3.11 and 10.x before 10.0.8 contains a denial of service vulnerability in which the password-redaction regular expression applied during API error handling consumes excessive CPU on long request bodies. Unauthenticated remote attackers can concurrently send a small number of large API requests to exhaust server workers, making EspoCRM slow or unavailable to legitimate users.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-03 13:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-13 00:00
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CVE-2026-118646 (GCVE-0-2026-118646)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-28 18:59 – Updated: 2026-10-28 18:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 1.123.85, 2.43.5, and 2.44.1 ReDoS via Read/Write Files Node
Summary
n8n before 1.123.85, 2.43.5, and 2.44.1 contains a regular expression denial of service vulnerability that allows authenticated members to block the event loop via crafted glob patterns. Attackers who can create and run workflows can submit a wildcard-heavy File(s) Selector pattern causing exponential backtracking, making the UI, API, webhooks, and health checks unresponsive until restart.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-1… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-10-14 00:00
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CVE-2026-118259 (GCVE-0-2026-118259)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-28 18:53 – Updated: 2026-11-02 20:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
opentelemetry-java: Quadratic CPU consumption in W3C tracestate parsing
Summary
opentelemetry-java is the Java implementation of the OpenTelemetry API for recording telemetry, and SDK for managing telemetry recorded by the API. Prior to 1.67.0, W3CTraceContextPropagator.extract() uses regex delimiter processing that can exhibit quadratic backtracking while parsing tracestate headers containing long runs of spaces or tabs without a following comma. An unauthenticated attacker whose headers reach extraction can repeatedly block request or event-loop threads and cause excessive CPU consumption, with practical impact bounded by ingress header-size limits, proxy configuration, and threading. This issue is fixed in version 1.67.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-02 20:30 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-j… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-j… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-j… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-j… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-j… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-telemetry | opentelemetry-java |
Affected:
< 1.67.0
|
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
Mitigation
Implementation
Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.