Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

6808 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2022-23554 (GCVE-0-2022-23554)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-28 18:12 – Updated: 2025-04-10 20:25
VLAI
Title
Authentication bypass in Alpine
Summary
Alpine is a scaffolding library in Java. Alpine prior to version 1.10.4 allows Authentication Filter bypass. The AuthenticationFilter relies on the request URI to evaluate if the user is accessing the swagger endpoint. By accessing a URL with a path such as /api/foo;%2fapi%2fswagger the contains condition will hold and will return from the authentication filter without aborting the request. Note that the principal object will not be assigned and therefore the issue wont allow user impersonation. This issue has been fixed in version 1.10.4. There are no known workarounds.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-10 20:25 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
stevespringett alpine Affected: < 1.10.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2022-23541 (GCVE-0-2022-23541)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-22 17:52 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:32
VLAI
Title
jsonwebtoken's insecure implementation of key retrieval function could lead to Forgeable Public/Private Tokens from RSA to HMAC
Summary
jsonwebtoken is an implementation of JSON Web Tokens. Versions `<= 8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library can be misconfigured so that passing a poorly implemented key retrieval function referring to the `secretOrPublicKey` argument from the readme link will result in incorrect verification of tokens. There is a possibility of using a different algorithm and key combination in verification, other than the one that was used to sign the tokens. Specifically, tokens signed with an asymmetric public key could be verified with a symmetric HS256 algorithm. This can lead to successful validation of forged tokens. If your application is supporting usage of both symmetric key and asymmetric key in jwt.verify() implementation with the same key retrieval function. This issue has been patched, please update to version 9.0.0.
Severity
5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-03 17:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-1259 - Improper Restriction of Security Token Assignment
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
auth0 node-jsonwebtoken Affected: <= 8.5.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-23540 (GCVE-0-2022-23540)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-22 18:02 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:32
VLAI
Title
jsonwebtoken vulnerable to signature validation bypass due to insecure default algorithm in jwt.verify()
Summary
In versions `<=8.5.1` of `jsonwebtoken` library, lack of algorithm definition in the `jwt.verify()` function can lead to signature validation bypass due to defaulting to the `none` algorithm for signature verification. Users are affected if you do not specify algorithms in the `jwt.verify()` function. This issue has been fixed, please update to version 9.0.0 which removes the default support for the none algorithm in the `jwt.verify()` method. There will be no impact, if you update to version 9.0.0 and you don’t need to allow for the `none` algorithm. If you need 'none' algorithm, you have to explicitly specify that in `jwt.verify()` options.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-16 16:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
auth0 node-jsonwebtoken Affected: <= 8.5.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-23505 (GCVE-0-2022-23505)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-13 07:04 – Updated: 2025-04-23 16:28
VLAI
Title
Passport-wsfed-saml2 vulnerable to Authentication Bypass for WSFed authentication
Summary
Passport-wsfed-saml2 is a ws-federation protocol and SAML2 tokens authentication provider for Passport. In versions prior to 4.6.3, a remote attacker may be able to bypass WSFed authentication on a website using passport-wsfed-saml2. A successful attack requires that the attacker is in possession of an arbitrary IDP signed assertion. Depending on the IDP used, fully unauthenticated attacks (e.g without access to a valid user) might also be feasible if generation of a signed message can be triggered. This issue is patched in version 4.6.3. Use of SAML2 authentication instead of WSFed is a workaround.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-23 15:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-23501 (GCVE-0-2022-23501)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-14 07:23 – Updated: 2025-04-21 18:48
VLAI
Title
TYPO3 vulnerable to Improper Authentication in Frontend Login
Summary
TYPO3 is an open source PHP based web content management system. In versions prior to 8.7.49, 9.5.38, 10.4.33, 11.5.20, and 12.1.1 TYPO3 is vulnerable to Improper Authentication. Restricting frontend login to specific users, organized in different storage folders (partitions), can be bypassed. A potential attacker might use this ambiguity in usernames to get access to a different account - however, credentials must be known to the adversary. This issue is patched in versions 8.7.49 ELTS, 9.5.38 ELTS, 10.4.33, 11.5.20, 12.1.1.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-21 18:48 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TYPO3 typo3 Affected: >= 8.0.0, < 8.7.49
Affected: >= 9.0.0, < 9.5.38
Affected: >= 10.0.0, < 10.4.33
Affected: >= 11.0.0, < 11.5.20
Affected: >= 12.0.0, < 12.1.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-22990 (GCVE-0-2022-22990)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-01-13 20:27 – Updated: 2024-08-03 03:28
VLAI
Title
Limited authentication bypass vulnerability on Western Digital My Cloud devices
Summary
A limited authentication bypass vulnerability was discovered that could allow an attacker to achieve remote code execution and escalate privileges on the My Cloud devices. Addressed this vulnerability by changing access token validation logic and rewriting rule logic on PHP scripts.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Western Digital My Cloud Affected: My Cloud OS 5 , < 5.19.117 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Reported By: Sam Thomas (@_s_n_t) of Pentest Ltd (@pentestltd) working with Trend Micro’s Zero Day Initiative
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-22576 (GCVE-0-2022-22576)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-05-26 00:00 – Updated: 2026-05-27 13:52
VLAI
Summary
An improper authentication vulnerability exists in curl 7.33.0 to and including 7.82.0 which might allow reuse OAUTH2-authenticated connections without properly making sure that the connection was authenticated with the same credentials as set for this transfer. This affects SASL-enabled protocols: SMPTP(S), IMAP(S), POP3(S) and LDAP(S) (openldap only).
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-16 14:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication - Generic (CWE-287)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a https://github.com/curl/curl Affected: Fixed in curl 7.83.0
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-22523 (GCVE-0-2022-22523)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-09-28 13:45 – Updated: 2025-05-21 14:37
VLAI
Title
Carlo Gavazzi UWP 3.0 WebApp allows for authentication bypass
Summary
An improper authentication vulnerability exists in the Carlo Gavazzi UWP3.0 in multiple versions and CPY Car Park Server in Version 2.8.3 Web-App which allows an authentication bypass to the context of an unauthorised user if free-access is disabled.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-21 14:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Vera Mens from Claroty Research
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-22289 (GCVE-0-2022-22289)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-01-07 22:39 – Updated: 2024-08-03 03:07
VLAI
Summary
Improper access control vulnerability in S Assistant prior to version 7.5 allows attacker to remotely get senstive information.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Samsung Mobile S Assistant Affected: - , < 7.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-22284 (GCVE-0-2022-22284)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-01-07 22:39 – Updated: 2024-08-03 03:07
VLAI
Summary
Improper authentication vulnerability in Samsung Internet prior to 16.0.2.19 allows attackers to bypass secret mode password authentication
Severity
5.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Samsung Mobile Samsung Internet Affected: - , < 16.0.2.19 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "CWE-287:   Improper Authentication"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=1",
              "refsource": "MISC",
              "url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=1"
            }
          ]
        },
        "source": {
          "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "3af57064-a867-422c-b2ad-40307b65c458",
    "assignerShortName": "Samsung Mobile",
    "cveId": "CVE-2022-22284",
    "datePublished": "2022-01-07T22:39:19.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2021-12-30T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-03T03:07:50.436Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.

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