Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5996 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2PG5-747P-43FW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:25
VLAI
Details

SAP NetWeaver AS JAVA, versions - (ENGINEAPI 7.10; WSRM 7.10, 7.11, 7.20, 7.30, 7.31, 7.40, 7.50; J2EE-FRMW 7.10, 7.11), does not perform any authentication checks for a web service allowing the attacker to send several payloads and leading to complete denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-6309"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-08-12T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SAP NetWeaver AS JAVA, versions - (ENGINEAPI 7.10; WSRM 7.10, 7.11, 7.20, 7.30, 7.31, 7.40, 7.50; J2EE-FRMW 7.10, 7.11), does not perform any authentication checks for a web service allowing the attacker to send several payloads and leading to complete denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-2pg5-747p-43fw",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:25:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:25:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6309"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2941315"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=552603345"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2PH5-Q865-H92C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22
VLAI
Details

License Manager Service of YOKOGAWA products (CENTUM VP (R5.01.00 - R6.06.00), CENTUM VP Entry Class (R5.01.00 - R6.06.00), ProSafe-RS (R3.01.00 - R4.04.00), PRM (R4.01.00 - R4.02.00), B/M9000 VP(R7.01.01 - R8.02.03)) allows remote attackers to bypass access restriction to send malicious files to the PC where License Manager Service runs via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5909"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-02-13T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "License Manager Service of YOKOGAWA products (CENTUM VP (R5.01.00 - R6.06.00), CENTUM VP Entry Class (R5.01.00 - R6.06.00), ProSafe-RS (R3.01.00 - R4.04.00), PRM (R4.01.00 - R4.02.00), B/M9000 VP(R7.01.01 - R8.02.03)) allows remote attackers to bypass access restriction to send malicious files to the PC where License Manager Service runs via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-2ph5-q865-h92c",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:22:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5909"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web-material3.yokogawa.com/1/20653/files/YSAR-19-0001-E.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU99147082/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106772"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2PVJ-P485-CP3M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-30 04:33 – Updated: 2022-09-30 04:33
VLAI
Summary
matrix-android-sdk2 vulnerable to impersonation via forwarded Megolm sessions
Details

Impact

An attacker cooperating with a malicious homeserver can construct messages appearing to have come from another person. Such messages will be marked with a grey shield on some platforms, but this may be missing in others.

This attack is possible due to the matrix-android-sdk2 implementing a too permissive key forwarding strategy on the receiving end.

Key forwarding is a mechanism allowing clients to recover from “unable to decrypt” messages when they missed the initial key distribution, at the time the message was originally sent. Examples include accessing message history before they joined the room but also when some network/federation errors have occurred.

Patches

The default policy for accepting key forwards has been made more strict in the matrix-android-sdk2. The matrix-android-sdk2 will now only accept forwarded keys in response to previously issued requests and only from own, verified devices.

A unique exception to this rule is with the experimental MSC3061, that is forwarding room keys for past messages when invited in a room configured with the proper history visibility setting. Such key forwards are parked upon receipt and are only accepted if the SDK receives an invitation for that room from the inviter in a limited time window.

The SDK now sets a trusted flag on the decrypted message upon decryption, based on whether the key used to decrypt the message was received from a trusted source. Clients need to ensure that messages decrypted with a key with trusted = false are decorated appropriately (for example, by showing a warning for such messages).

Workarounds

Current users of the SDK can disable key forwarding in their forks using CryptoService#enableKeyGossiping(enable: Boolean).

References

Blog post: https://matrix.org/blog/2022/09/28/upgrade-now-to-address-encryption-vulns-in-matrix-sdks-and-clients

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, e-mail us at security@matrix.org.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.4.36"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.matrix.android:matrix-android-sdk2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-39246"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-322"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-30T04:33:00Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-09-28T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nAn attacker cooperating with a malicious homeserver can construct messages appearing to have come from another person. Such messages will be marked with a grey shield on some platforms, but this may be missing in others.\n\nThis attack is possible due to the matrix-android-sdk2 implementing a too permissive [key forwarding](https://spec.matrix.org/v1.3/client-server-api/#key-requests) strategy on the receiving end.\n\nKey forwarding is a mechanism allowing clients to recover from \u201cunable to decrypt\u201d messages when they missed the initial key distribution, at the time the message was originally sent. Examples include accessing message history before they joined the room but also when some network/federation errors have occurred.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe default policy for accepting key forwards has been made more strict in the matrix-android-sdk2. The matrix-android-sdk2 will now only accept forwarded keys in response to previously issued requests and only from own, verified devices.\n\nA unique exception to this rule is with the experimental [MSC3061](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3061), that is forwarding room keys for past messages when invited in a room configured with the proper history visibility setting. Such key forwards are parked upon receipt and are only accepted if the SDK receives an invitation for that room from the inviter in a limited time window. \n\nThe SDK now sets a `trusted` flag on the decrypted message upon decryption, based on whether the key used to decrypt the message was received from a trusted source. Clients need to ensure that messages decrypted with a key with `trusted = false` are decorated appropriately (for example, by showing a warning for such messages).\n\n### Workarounds\nCurrent users of the SDK can disable key forwarding in their forks using `CryptoService#enableKeyGossiping(enable: Boolean)`.\n\n### References\nBlog post: https://matrix.org/blog/2022/09/28/upgrade-now-to-address-encryption-vulns-in-matrix-sdks-and-clients\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, e-mail us at [security@matrix.org](mailto:security@matrix.org).\n",
  "id": "GHSA-2pvj-p485-cp3m",
  "modified": "2022-09-30T04:33:00Z",
  "published": "2022-09-30T04:33:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-android-sdk2/security/advisories/GHSA-2pvj-p485-cp3m"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39246"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3061"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-android-sdk2/commit/77df720a238d17308deab83ecaa37f7a4740a17e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-android-sdk2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-android-sdk2/releases/tag/v1.5.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "matrix-android-sdk2 vulnerable to impersonation via forwarded Megolm sessions"
}

GHSA-2PW2-Q246-GG26

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:29 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:29
VLAI
Details

Open System Consultants (OSC) Radiator before 4.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via malformed RADIUS requests, as demonstrated by packets sent by nmap.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-0330"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-01-17T22:00:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Open System Consultants (OSC) Radiator before 4.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via malformed RADIUS requests, as demonstrated by packets sent by nmap.",
  "id": "GHSA-2pw2-q246-gg26",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:29:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:29:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-0330"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/39730"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/40664"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/28463"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.open.com.au/radiator/history.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/27306"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/0598"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2Q3R-GF9C-FHV3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:12 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:12
VLAI
Details

The tqsl_verifyDataBlock function in openssl_cert.cpp in American Radio Relay League (ARRL) tqsllib 2.0 does not properly check the return value from the OpenSSL EVP_VerifyFinal function, which allows remote attackers to bypass validation of the certificate chain via a malformed SSL/TLS signature, a similar vulnerability to CVE-2008-5077.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-0124"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-01-15T17:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The tqsl_verifyDataBlock function in openssl_cert.cpp in American Radio Relay League (ARRL) tqsllib 2.0 does not properly check the return value from the OpenSSL EVP_VerifyFinal function, which allows remote attackers to bypass validation of the certificate chain via a malformed SSL/TLS signature, a similar vulnerability to CVE-2008-5077.",
  "id": "GHSA-2q3r-gf9c-fhv3",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T03:12:56Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T03:12:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-0124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=479650"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-January/msg00557.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=511509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2009/01/12/4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33543"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2Q3V-57HJ-R275

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:28 – Updated: 2022-07-02 00:00
VLAI
Details

Privilege Escalation vulnerability in McAfee Web Gateway (MWG) prior to 9.2.1 allows authenticated user interface user to access protected dashboard data via improper access control in the user interface.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-7297"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-16T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Privilege Escalation vulnerability in McAfee Web Gateway (MWG) prior to 9.2.1 allows authenticated user interface user to access protected dashboard data via improper access control in the user interface.",
  "id": "GHSA-2q3v-57hj-r275",
  "modified": "2022-07-02T00:00:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:28:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7297"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10323"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2Q4W-X8H2-2FVH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-27 15:32 – Updated: 2024-09-04 17:14
VLAI
Summary
Flowise Authentication Bypass vulnerability
Details

An Authentication Bypass vulnerability exists in Flowise version 1.8.2. This could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to access API endpoints as an administrator and allow them to access restricted functionality.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "flowise"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.8.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8181"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-285",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-27T21:47:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-27T13:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An Authentication Bypass vulnerability exists in Flowise version 1.8.2. This could allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to access API endpoints as an administrator and allow them to access restricted functionality.",
  "id": "GHSA-2q4w-x8h2-2fvh",
  "modified": "2024-09-04T17:14:35Z",
  "published": "2024-08-27T15:32:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8181"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tenable.com/security/research/tra-2024-22-0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tenable.com/security/research/tra-2024-33"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Flowise Authentication Bypass vulnerability"
}

GHSA-2Q8F-PRCF-5F4C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-04 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:33
VLAI
Details

ECShop v4.1.16 contains an arbitrary file deletion vulnerability in the Admin Panel.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39112"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-04T17:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ECShop v4.1.16 contains an arbitrary file deletion vulnerability in the Admin Panel.",
  "id": "GHSA-2q8f-prcf-5f4c",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:33:52Z",
  "published": "2023-08-04T18:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39112"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Luci4n555/vul_report/blob/master/vul_1.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/zh/?id.236164"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2QGF-99W3-FMRX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:16 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:16
VLAI
Details

Mail in Apple iPhone 1.1.1, when using SSL, does not warn the user when the mail server changes or is not trusted, which might allow remote attackers to steal credentials and read email via a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2007-3754"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2007-09-27T21:17:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mail in Apple iPhone 1.1.1, when using SSL, does not warn the user when the mail server changes or is not trusted, which might allow remote attackers to steal credentials and read email via a man-in-the-middle (MITM) attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-2qgf-99w3-fmrx",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T18:16:53Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T18:16:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-3754"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/36845"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=306586"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2007/Sep/msg00001.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/38537"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/26983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1018752"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/25856"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/3287"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2QH3-CW4R-2F2R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:46 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:46
VLAI
Details

Atomic Photo Album 1.1.0 pre4 does not properly handle the apa_cookie_login and apa_cookie_password cookies, which probably allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access via modified cookies.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-4714"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-10-23T17:17:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Atomic Photo Album 1.1.0 pre4 does not properly handle the apa_cookie_login and apa_cookie_password cookies, which probably allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access via modified cookies.",
  "id": "GHSA-2qh3-cw4r-2f2r",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:46:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:46:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4714"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/6580"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4497"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31427"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.