Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

6669 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-46355 (GCVE-0-2026-46355)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 21:34 – Updated: 2026-08-25 15:26

Title

BigBlueButton: Unauthenticated Session Hijack via Exposed /bigbluebutton/api/handleJoinExistingUser

Summary

BigBlueButton is an open-source virtual classroom. Prior to 3.0.23, BigBlueButton exposed /bigbluebutton/api/handleJoinExistingUser through bigbluebutton-web/grails-app/controllers/org/bigbluebutton/web/controllers/ApiController.groovy. A requester able to supply an existingUserID for an active participant could reuse that participant's session and impersonate the participant in the same meeting because handleJoinExistingUser was a routable controller action rather than a private helper. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.23.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-25 15:26 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/bigbluebutton/bigbluebutton/se…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/bigbluebutton/bigbluebutton/co…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/bigbluebutton/bigbluebutton/re…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
bigbluebutton	bigbluebutton	Affected: < 3.0.23

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45754 (GCVE-0-2026-45754)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 18:54 – Updated: 2026-07-21 17:54

Title

Symfony: Mailjet Mailer Webhook Parser Never Verifies the Configured Secret — Unauthenticated Webhook Event Injection

Summary

Symfony is a PHP framework for web and console applications and a set of reusable PHP components. Prior to 6.4.40, 7.4.12, and 8.0.12, the Mailjet mailer bridge and LOX24 notifier bridge webhook parsers received configured webhook secrets but did not verify them, allowing unauthenticated POST requests to inject forged Mailjet and LOX24 event payloads. This issue is fixed in versions 6.4.40, 7.4.12, and 8.0.12.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-21 17:53 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/symfony/symfony/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/symfony/symfony/commit/3e52bf5…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/symfony/symfony/commit/4aaa45d…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/symfony/symfony/releases/tag/v6.4.40	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/symfony/symfony/releases/tag/v7.4.12	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/symfony/symfony/releases/tag/v8.0.12	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

3 products

Vendor	Product	Version
symfony	symfony	Affected: >= 6.4.0, < 6.4.40 Affected: >= 7.0.0-BETA1, < 7.4.12 Affected: >= 8.0.0-BETA1, < 8.0.12
symfony	lox24-notifier	Affected: >= 7.1.0-BETA1, < 7.4.12 Affected: >= 8.0.0-BETA1, < 8.0.12
symfony	mailjet-mailer	Affected: >= 6.4.0, < 6.4.40 Affected: >= 7.0.0-BETA1, < 7.4.12 Affected: >= 8.0.0-BETA1, < 8.0.12

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45691 (GCVE-0-2026-45691)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 17:09 – Updated: 2026-06-01 19:10

Title

Nextcloud: Bypass of second factor authentication on DAV endpoints

Summary

Nextcloud is an open source content collaboration platform. In Nextcloud Server from versions 32.0.0 to before 32.0.9, and 33.0.0 to before 33.0.3, a pre-2FA session cookie (created after successful password authentication but before TOTP completion) could be reused as a Bearer token to authenticate against DAV endpoints, granting read/write access and bypassing mandatory two-factor authentication. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 33.0.3 or 32.0.9. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Enterprise Server is upgraded to 33.0.3, 32.0.9, 31.0.14.5, 30.0.17.9 or 29.0.16.16

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-01 19:09 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/nextcloud/server/pull/59758	x_refsource_MISC
https://hackerone.com/reports/3573399	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
nextcloud	security-advisories	Affected: >= 32.0.0, < 32.0.9 Affected: >= 33.0.0, < 33.0.3

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45690 (GCVE-0-2026-45690)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 17:08 – Updated: 2026-06-02 12:49

Title

Nextcloud: Two-Factor Authentication Bypass via Pending Session Token Replay

Summary

Nextcloud is an open source content collaboration platform. In Nextcloud Server from versions 32.0.0 to before 32.0.9, and 33.0.0 to before 33.0.3, an authentication bypass vulnerability allowed attackers with knowledge of a user's password to circumvent two-factor authentication (2FA) protections. When a user initiated login with valid credentials on a 2FA-enabled account, the system created a temporary session token before enforcing the second factor challenge. This token could be extracted and replayed via HTTP Basic Authentication to gain unauthorized access to authenticated endpoints. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 33.0.3 or 32.0.9. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Enterprise Server is upgraded to 33.0.3, 32.0.9, 31.0.14.5, 30.0.17.9 or 29.0.16.16

Severity

5.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-02 12:48 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/nextcloud/server/pull/59758	x_refsource_MISC
https://hackerone.com/reports/3639301	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
nextcloud	security-advisories	Affected: >= 32.0.0, < 32.0.9 Affected: >= 33.0.0, < 33.0.3

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45567 (GCVE-0-2026-45567)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 15:37 – Updated: 2026-06-10 16:31

Title

Roxy-WI: Authentication bypass via 'api' substring in URL + unauthenticated /api/gpt

Summary

Roxy-WI is a web interface for managing Haproxy, Nginx, Apache and Keepalived servers. In versions 8.2.6.4 and prior, there is an authentication bypass vulnerability via 'api' substring in URL + unauthenticated /api/gpt. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.

Severity

8.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-10 16:28 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CWE-697 - Incorrect Comparison

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/roxy-wi/roxy-wi/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
roxy-wi	roxy-wi	Affected: <= 8.2.6.4

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45480 (GCVE-0-2026-45480)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 20:27 – Updated: 2026-08-25 22:42 Exclusively Hosted Service

Title

Azure Active Directory Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Summary

Improper authentication in Azure Active Directory allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-23 00:00 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

microsoft mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi…	vendor-advisorypatch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Microsoft	Azure Active Directory	Affected: - cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:azure_active_directory::::::::

Date Public

2026-06-18 14:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45434 (GCVE-0-2026-45434)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 09:40 – Updated: 2026-05-20 15:34

Title

Apache OFBiz: Authentication Bypass via Password-Change Logic Flaw Leading to RCE

Summary

Improper Authentication vulnerability in Apache OFBiz via Password-Change Logic Flaw Leading to Remote Code Execution This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 24.09.06. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 24.09.06, which fixes the issue.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-05-20 03:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

apache mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/yw4owrzl0yho1yx7o…	vendor-advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/0…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache OFBiz	Affected: 0 , < 24.09.06 (semver)

Credits

Mike Cole

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45363 (GCVE-0-2026-45363)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 21:32 – Updated: 2026-09-19 18:07

Title

`jwt` (Ruby gem) - empty-key HMAC bypass

Summary

ruby-jwt is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7519 OAuth JSON Web Token standard. Prior to 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decode(token, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256') accepts an attacker-forged token because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest('SHA256', '', payload) returns a valid digest under an empty key and no empty-key precondition exists in the HMAC algorithm. The same path is reached when a keyfinder block or key_finder: argument returns an empty string, nil, or an array containing nil for an unknown key, affecting HS256, HS384, and HS512 verification through JWT.decode and JWT::EncodedToken#verify_signature!. This issue is fixed in versions 2.10.3 and 3.2.0.

Severity

9.1 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-15 13:24 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
CWE-1391 - Use of Weak Credentials

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/security/advisori…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/commit/9820020869…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/commit/db560b769a…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/releases/tag/v2.10.3	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/releases/tag/v3.2.0	x_refsource_MISC
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
jwt	ruby-jwt	Affected: < 2.10.3 Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.2.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45289 (GCVE-0-2026-45289)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-02 20:36 – Updated: 2026-06-03 13:34

Title

CloudburstMC Protocol: Partially missing validation for FULL type authentication tokens

Summary

CloudburstMC Protocol is a protocol library for Minecraft Bedrock Edition. Prior to version 3.0.0.Beta12-20260420.182526-15, CloudburstMC Protocol is partially missing validation for FULL type authentication tokens (Cloudburst/Protocol). This vulnerability impacts publicly accessible software depending on the affected versions of Protocol, specifically the EncryptionUtils methods to validate auth payloads for FULL type tokens. This issue has been patched in version 3.0.0.Beta12-20260420.182526-15.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-03 13:34 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/CloudburstMC/Protocol/security…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
CloudburstMC	Protocol	Affected: < 3.0.0.Beta12-20260420.182526-15

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-45283 (GCVE-0-2026-45283)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 16:53 – Updated: 2026-06-01 21:42

Title

Nextcloud: Files Lock app allows users to lock and unlock files of other users

Summary

Nextcloud is an open source content collaboration platform. In Nextcloud Server from versions 32.0.0 to before 32.0.2, and 33.0.0 to before 33.0.1, the files_lock app did not properly validate the ownership of files when processing DAV lock and unlock requests. An authenticated user could lock or unlock files belonging to other users by targeting their absolute WebDAV paths. Additionally, lock tokens were disclosed to unauthorized callers in error responses, allowing attackers to remove token-based locks placed by other users' client applications. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Server is upgraded to 32.0.2 or 33.0.1. It is recommended that the Nextcloud Enterprise Server is upgraded to 31.0.14.4 or 32.0.2 or 33.0.1

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-01 21:41 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/nextcloud/files_lock/pull/1007	x_refsource_MISC
https://hackerone.com/reports/3301553#	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
nextcloud	security-advisories	Affected: >= 32.0.0, < 32.0.2 Affected: >= 33.0.0, < 33.0.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.

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