Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-306
AllowedMissing Authentication for Critical Function
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
4649 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-20803 (GCVE-0-2026-20803)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 17:56 – Updated: 2026-07-30 20:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft SQL Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Missing authentication for critical function in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-14 04:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR) |
Affected:
16.0.0 , < 16.0.1165.1
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2022 for x64-based Systems (CU 22) |
Affected:
16.0.0.0 , < 16.0.4230.2
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft SQL Server 2025 for x64-based Systems (GDR) |
Affected:
17.0.1050.2 , < 17.0.1050.2
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-01-13 16:00
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CVE-2026-20781 (GCVE-0-2026-20781)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-26 23:24 – Updated: 2026-03-05 19:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CloudCharge cloudcharge.se Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Summary
WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling
attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate
data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the
OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station
identifier, then issue or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger.
Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege
escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and
corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-02 20:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CloudCharge | cloudcharge.se |
Affected:
All versions
|
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CVE-2026-20357 (GCVE-0-2026-20357)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 16:18 – Updated: 2026-08-21 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
CVE Program bundle warning
The CVE Program recognizes that this CVE Record provides vulnerability information that a Supplier CNA believes is very important to consumers. The CVE Program has flagged this CVE Record as it assigns a single CVE ID to a collection of individual vulnerabilities which does not align with CVE's "one vulnerability, one ID" principle, and therefore provides incomplete information. For further clarification, please see the CVE Program's blog, "Preserving Vulnerability-Level Identification" linked below. Details within the CNA container below are viewable by clicking on the CNA name.
https://www.cve.org/Media/News/item/blog/2026/06/…Title
Cisco Crosswork Security Hardening Release: August 2026
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Crosswork engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities.
The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20357 are related to missing authentication for critical function issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-306.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 16:06 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Crosswork Planning |
Affected:
7.0.2
Affected: 7.1.0 Affected: 7.0.0 Affected: 7.0.4 Affected: 7.0.1 Affected: 7.0.3 Affected: 7.2.0 Affected: 7.1.1 Affected: 7.1.2 |
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CVE-2026-20343 (GCVE-0-2026-20343)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:12 – Updated: 2026-09-18 14:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center Software Information Disclosure and Disk Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in a critical API for Cisco Secure FMC Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to download sensitive files and use unbounded disk space.
This vulnerability exists because a critical API lacks authentication. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by repeatedly invoking the API. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to download sensitive files that should be restricted and consume disk space so the device could become unresponsive, causing a DoS condition.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 14:39 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Firewall Management Center (FMC) |
Affected:
7.3.0
Affected: 7.3.1 Affected: 7.3.1.1 Affected: 7.4.0 Affected: 7.4.1 Affected: 7.4.1.1 Affected: 7.3.1.2 Affected: 7.6.0 Affected: 7.4.2 Affected: 7.4.2.1 Affected: 7.7.0 Affected: 7.4.2.2 Affected: 7.6.1 Affected: 7.4.2.3 Affected: 7.6.2 Affected: 7.7.10 Affected: 7.6.2.1 Affected: 7.7.10.1 Affected: 7.4.2.4 Affected: 7.4.3 Affected: 7.6.3 Affected: 7.7.11 Affected: 7.6.4 Affected: 10.0.0 Affected: 7.4.4 Affected: 7.4.5 Affected: 7.7.12 Affected: 7.6.5 Affected: 7.4.6 Affected: 10.0.1 Affected: 7.4.7 |
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CVE-2026-20326 (GCVE-0-2026-20326)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 20:02 – Updated: 2026-09-18 13:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Nexus Dashboard Software Security Hardening Release September 2026 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Summary
As part of Cisco's ongoing commitment to proactive security and product quality, the Cisco Nexus Dashboard engineering team has conducted a comprehensive internal security review. This review resulted in a software hardening release that addresses multiple internally discovered vulnerabilities.
The vulnerabilities tracked by CVE-2026-20326 are related to missing authentication for critical function issues that are grouped under the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) CWE-306.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-18 03:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Nexus Dashboard |
Affected:
2.1(1d)
Affected: 2.1(1e) Affected: 2.1(2d) Affected: 2.2(1h) Affected: 2.2(1e) Affected: 2.2(2d) Affected: 2.1(2f) Affected: 2.3(1c) Affected: 2.3(2b) Affected: 2.3(2c) Affected: 2.3(2d) Affected: 2.3(2e) Affected: 3.0(1f) Affected: 3.0(1i) Affected: 3.1(1k) Affected: 3.1(1l) Affected: 3.2(1e) Affected: 3.2(1i) Affected: 3.3(1a) Affected: 3.3(1b) Affected: 3.3(2b) Affected: 4.0(1i) Affected: 3.3(2g) Affected: 3.2(2f) Affected: 3.2(2g) Affected: 3.2(2m) Affected: 3.1(1n) Affected: 4.1(1g) Affected: 4.2.1 |
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CVE-2026-20253 (GCVE-0-2026-20253)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 17:16 – Updated: 2026-06-19 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Creation and Truncation in a PostgreSQL Sidecar Service Endpoint in Splunk Enterprise
Summary
In Splunk Enterprise 10.2 versions below 10.2.4 and 10 versions below 10.0.7, an unauthenticated user could create or truncate arbitrary files through a PostgreSQL sidecar service endpoint. The vulnerability exists because the PostgreSQL sidecar service endpoint lacks authentication controls, allowing any network-reachable user to invoke file operations without credentials. Splunk Enterprise versions 9.4 and earlier are not affected. If you cannot immediately upgrade to a fixed version, you can mitigate this vulnerability by disabling the PostgreSQL sidecar service.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-10 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - The software does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://advisory.splunk.com/advisories/SVD-2026-0603 | |
| https://labs.watchtowr.com/why-use-app-level-auth… | exploit |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Splunk | Splunk Enterprise |
Affected:
10.2 , < 10.2.4
(custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.0.7 (custom) |
Date Public
2026-06-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-20223 (GCVE-0-2026-20223)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-20 16:06 – Updated: 2026-05-21 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Secure Workload Unauthorized API Access Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the access validation of internal REST APIs of Cisco Secure Workload could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to access site resources with the privileges of the Site Admin role.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation and authentication when accessing REST API endpoints. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability if they are able to send a crafted API request to an affected endpoint. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to read sensitive information and make configuration changes across tenant boundaries with the privileges of the Site Admin user.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-20 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Workload |
Affected:
2.2.1.41
Affected: 3.2.1.18 Affected: 3.3.2.50 Affected: 3.4.1.28 Affected: 3.4.1.34 Affected: 2.3.1.45 Affected: 2.3.1.41 Affected: 3.3.2.28 Affected: 3.1.1.59 Affected: 2.0.2.20 Affected: 2.1.1.33 Affected: 2.1.1.29 Affected: 3.2.1.28 Affected: 3.4.1.35 Affected: 3.1.1.65 Affected: 3.1.1.67 Affected: 2.0.1.34 Affected: 2.3.1.49 Affected: 2.2.1.39 Affected: 3.4.1.19 Affected: 3.3.2.23 Affected: 3.1.1.61 Affected: 3.1.1.54 Affected: 3.5.1.17 Affected: 3.3.2.33 Affected: 3.5.1.1 Affected: 2.3.1.53 Affected: 3.5.1.20 Affected: 3.5.1.30 Affected: 3.3.2.16 Affected: 3.1.1.55 Affected: 3.4.1.6 Affected: 2.3.1.50 Affected: 2.3.1.52 Affected: 3.2.1.19 Affected: 2.2.1.35 Affected: 3.1.1.53 Affected: 3.1.1.70 Affected: 3.2.1.20 Affected: 3.5.1.2 Affected: 1.103.1.12 Affected: 2.3.1.51 Affected: 3.3.2.42 Affected: 3.4.1.1 Affected: 3.3.2.12 Affected: 2.1.1.31 Affected: 3.5.1.23 Affected: 3.3.2.53 Affected: 3.4.1.14 Affected: 3.3.2.2 Affected: 3.4.1.20 Affected: 3.3.2.35 Affected: 2.2.1.34 Affected: 1.102.21 Affected: 3.3.2.5 Affected: 3.5.1.31 Affected: 3.6.1.5 Affected: 3.2.1.31 Affected: 3.5.1.37 Affected: 3.4.1.40 Affected: 3.6.1.17 Affected: 3.6.1.21 Affected: 3.2.1.32 Affected: 3.2.1.33 Affected: 3.6.1.35 Affected: 3.6.1.36 Affected: 3.7.1.5 Affected: 3.6.1.47 Affected: 3.7.1.22 Affected: 3.6.1.52 Affected: 3.7.1.39 Affected: 3.8.1.1 Affected: 3.7.1.51 Affected: 3.8.1.19 Affected: 3.8.1.36 Affected: 3.7.1.59 Affected: 3.8.1.39 Affected: 3.9.1.1 Affected: 3.9.1.10 Affected: 3.9.1.24 Affected: 3.9.1.25 Affected: 3.9.1.28 Affected: 3.9.1.38 Affected: 3.8.1.53 Affected: 3.9.1.52 Affected: 3.10.1.1 Affected: 3.9.1.64 Affected: 3.10.2.11 Affected: 3.9.1.66 Affected: 3.10.3.19 Affected: 3.9.1.69 Affected: 3.10.4.8 Affected: 3.10.5.6 Affected: 4.0.1.1 Affected: 4.0.2.4 Affected: 4.0.2.5 Affected: 3.10.6.3 Affected: 3.10.7.4 Affected: 4.0.3.13 |
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{
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{
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"version": "1.103.1.12"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.3.1.51"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.3.2.42"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.4.1.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.3.2.12"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.1.1.31"
},
{
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"version": "3.8.1.1"
},
{
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"version": "3.7.1.51"
},
{
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"version": "3.8.1.19"
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"version": "3.8.1.36"
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{
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"version": "3.9.1.1"
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{
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"version": "3.9.1.10"
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{
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{
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"version": "3.9.1.25"
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"version": "3.9.1.28"
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{
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"version": "3.9.1.38"
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{
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},
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"exploits": [
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GCVE-1-2026-20169 (CVE-2026-78255)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-08-24 07:23 – Updated: 2026-08-24 07:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DJI Drone HTTP Media Server Allows Unauthenticated Access to Stored Media
Summary
The HTTP media server running on DJI drones serves stored photos and videos through the `/v2` endpoint without authenticating the requesting client. Filenames follow a predictable pattern, allowing an attacker who joins the drone's internal network to enumerate valid filenames and exfiltrate stored photos and videos. The exposed media may reveal sensitive information, including private locations, property, travel history, identifiable individuals, and the operator's routines.
Affected models are DJI Neo until 01.00.0400, DJI Neo 2 until 01.00.0500, DJI Flip until 01.00.1200, DJI Air 3 until 01.00.1600, DJI Air 3S until 01.00.1400, DJI Avata 2 until 01.00.0400, DJI Avata 360 until 01.00.0300, DJI Mavic 3 until 01.00.1400, DJI Mavic 3 Classic until 01.00.0800, DJI Mavic 3 Pro until 01.01.0700, DJI Mavic 4 Pro until 01.00.0500, DJI Mini 2 until 01.07.0200, DJI Mini 3 until 01.00.0500, DJI Mini 3 Pro until 01.00.0900, DJI Mini 4 Pro until 01.00.1100, and DJI Mini 5 Pro until 01.00.0600.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.dji.com/help/content?customId=en-… | product |
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DJI | Neo |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Neo 2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0500
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Flip |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1200
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Air 3 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1600,
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Air 3S |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Avata 2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Avata 360 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0300
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 3 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 3 Classic |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0800
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 3 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.01.0700
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 4 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0500
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.07.0200
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 3 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0500
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 3 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0900
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 4 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1100
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 5 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0600
(semver)
|
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"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "01.00.0600",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Abdelrahman Yousef"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Dr. Jordan Samhi"
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"value": "The HTTP media server running on DJI drones serves stored photos and videos through the `/v2` endpoint without authenticating the requesting client. Filenames follow a predictable pattern, allowing an attacker who joins the drone\u0027s internal network to enumerate valid filenames and exfiltrate stored photos and videos. The exposed media may reveal sensitive information, including private locations, property, travel history, identifiable individuals, and the operator\u0027s routines.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAffected models are DJI Neo until 01.00.0400, DJI Neo 2 until 01.00.0500, DJI Flip until 01.00.1200, DJI Air 3 until 01.00.1600, DJI Air 3S until 01.00.1400, DJI Avata 2 until 01.00.0400, DJI Avata 360 until 01.00.0300, DJI Mavic 3 until 01.00.1400, DJI Mavic 3 Classic until 01.00.0800, DJI Mavic 3 Pro until 01.01.0700, DJI Mavic 4 Pro until 01.00.0500, DJI Mini 2 until 01.07.0200, DJI Mini 3 until 01.00.0500, DJI Mini 3 Pro until 01.00.0900, DJI Mini 4 Pro until 01.00.1100, and DJI Mini 5 Pro until 01.00.0600.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
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GCVE-1-2026-20116 (CVE-2026-107180)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-10-07 12:49 – Updated: 2026-10-07 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP: Forced TOTP Enrolment Bypassed via Non-Browser Request Types on otp_required Instances
Summary
On MISP instances configured to require TOTP enrolment (Security.otp_required), the enforcement of the mandatory two-factor authentication setup applied only to standard browser requests. An authenticated user who had not yet enrolled in TOTP could bypass the forced setup by issuing any non-browser request type, including AJAX/XHR calls, REST API requests, .json format URLs, restSearch queries, or automation actions. Because these machine-readable request shapes cannot follow the redirect that the browser path uses to send the user to the TOTP enrolment page, the guard simply skipped the check and the user retained full access to the instance without completing the required second-factor setup.
The initial fix (commit 8deb0619e) added a guard specifically for AJAX requests. A follow-up fix (commit 6b527ba6e) broadened the guard to cover every non-browser request shape, while preserving the exemption for identities authenticated via API key (logged_by_authkey flag).
Impact: an authenticated user on an otp_required instance can operate with full access indefinitely without enrolling in TOTP, nullifying the instance-level two-factor authentication policy.
Affected version: <2.5.48
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
Supplier · CNA (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 12:45 UTC
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Human-reviewed
Confidence: medium
Model
qwen3.8:27b
2 events
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02bcp-05-x-03
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-10-07 12:45 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
patch set (2 sources)
38ec10c8e322… - Confidence
- medium
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
8deb0619e5ed
|
fix: [login] enforce TOTP enrolment on AJAX requests | 9e42ef967102… |
6b527ba6e6a3
|
fix: [login] Refuse every unenrolled session request, not | f97d3076e297… |
Fix summary
The TOTP enrolment enforcement in the user verification path was extended from covering only standard browser requests to covering all non-browser request types (AJAX, REST, .json, automation). Any request that cannot follow the browser redirect to the TOTP setup page is now refused with a 403 Forbidden response if the user has not enrolled in TOTP and the instance requires it. Identities authenticated via API key remain exempt, as they are not browser sessions subject to the redirect-based enrolment flow.
Patch summary
In app/Controller/AppController.php, the __verifyUser method was modified. Patch 1 added a conditional block after the $isUserRequest definition that checks: the request is not a standard user request, it is an AJAX request, the user has no TOTP configured, Security.otp_required is enabled, the role does not have perm_skip_otp, and the current action is not one of the allowed exceptions (terms, change_pw, logout, login, totp_new). If all conditions are met, a ForbiddenException is thrown. Patch 2 replaced the $this->request->is('ajax') condition with empty($user['logged_by_authkey']), broadening the guard to all non-browser request types while explicitly exempting API-key-authenticated sessions.
CVSS rationale
AV:N - the bypass is achieved over the network via HTTP requests. AC:L - the attack is trivially simple: change the request type (add X-Requested-With header, append .json, use REST endpoint). AT:N - no special target conditions. PR:L - the attacker needs a valid authenticated session (low privilege: any user account). UI:N - no victim interaction beyond the attacker's own request. VC:H - the two-factor authentication requirement is completely bypassed, meaning the confidentiality protection provided by mandatory 2FA is nullified; the user retains full data access without the second factor. VI:N, VA:N - no integrity or availability impact on the MISP component. SC:N, SI:N, SA:N - no impact on subsequent components. The primary impact is the bypass of an authentication control (confidentiality of the 2FA gate).
Weakness rationale
- CWE-287 The TOTP (two-factor) authentication requirement is not properly enforced across all request types. The authentication gate (forced TOTP enrolment) is bypassed for non-browser requests, allowing a user to operate without completing the required second factor. This is a failure to properly enforce an authentication requirement.
- CWE-306 The critical function of enforcing TOTP enrolment on otp_required instances is missing for AJAX, REST, .json, and automation request paths. The authentication check is present for browser requests but absent for all other request shapes, constituting a missing authentication control on a critical security function.
Attack pattern rationale
- CAPEC-128 The access control policy requiring TOTP enrolment is incorrectly scoped to only standard browser requests. An attacker (or the legitimate user) exploits this misconfiguration by issuing requests in a non-browser format (AJAX, REST, .json) that the access control check does not cover. This is the closest CAPEC to the observed bypass of a security control due to incomplete scoping of the enforcement logic. The mapping is approximate because the bypass is of an authentication requirement rather than a traditional authorization rule, but CAPEC-128 best captures the pattern of exploiting an access control that is not uniformly applied.
Assumptions to verify
- The affected MISP version range is not specified in the patch metadata; the vulnerability is assumed to affect all versions prior to the fix commits (8deb0619e and 6b527ba6e) that contain the otp_required enforcement logic without the non-browser request guard.
- The CAPEC-128 mapping is approximate; the bypass is of an authentication requirement (forced TOTP enrolment) rather than a traditional authorization rule, but CAPEC-128 is the closest available pattern for exploiting an access control that is not uniformly applied across all request paths.
- CVSS VC:H assumes that bypassing the mandatory 2FA requirement constitutes a high confidentiality impact on the vulnerability component, as the instance-level security policy (requiring all users to have 2FA) is nullified for the affected user. If the instance's threat model considers 2FA as a defense-in-depth layer rather than a primary control, VC could be rated Lower.
- The patch evidence does not indicate whether the vulnerability is exploitable by an external unauthenticated attacker; the analysis assumes the attacker is an authenticated user (PR:L) who has not yet enrolled in TOTP.
- The two commits are treated as a single vulnerability per the patch_set_assumption; the first commit is an incomplete fix and the second is the complete fix.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
7 | 11 | medium | 5 |
- 2026-09-23 07:53 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (8deb0619e5ed6b12a1aa94967c68c977eb05398f): fix: [login] enforce TOTP enrolment on AJAX requests https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/8deb0619e.patch
- 2026-09-28 11:55 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (6b527ba6e6a32aa574aa050eadf36207506dcea2): fix: [login] Refuse every unenrolled session request, not https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/6b527ba6e.patch
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GCVE-1-2026-20060 (CVE-2026-78369)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-08-24 12:57 – Updated: 2026-08-24 12:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing Authentication Allows Unauthorized Creation of Crypto Groups in RansomLook
Summary
RansomLook contains a missing authentication vulnerability in the /admin/crypto/group/new endpoint. While the endpoint provides an administrative function for creating new crypto group entries, it was not protected by the application's authentication mechanism.
An unauthenticated remote attacker able to access the RansomLook web interface could therefore submit requests to this endpoint and create crypto group entries without possessing a valid authenticated session or administrative credentials.
Successful exploitation allows an attacker to make unauthorized modifications to data that should only be manageable by authenticated administrators. Depending on how crypto group information is subsequently consumed by RansomLook, malicious or fraudulent entries could also affect the integrity of information presented or processed by the application.
The vulnerability is addressed by applying the flask_login.login_required decorator to the /admin/crypto/group/new route, ensuring that only authenticated users can access the functionality.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/RansomLook/RansomLook/commit/f… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ransomlook | ransomlook |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.0.0
(semver)
|
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"value": "RansomLook contains a missing authentication vulnerability in the /admin/crypto/group/new endpoint. While the endpoint provides an administrative function for creating new crypto group entries, it was not protected by the application\u0027s authentication mechanism.\n\nAn unauthenticated remote attacker able to access the RansomLook web interface could therefore submit requests to this endpoint and create crypto group entries without possessing a valid authenticated session or administrative credentials.\n\nSuccessful exploitation allows an attacker to make unauthorized modifications to data that should only be manageable by authenticated administrators. Depending on how crypto group information is subsequently consumed by RansomLook, malicious or fraudulent entries could also affect the integrity of information presented or processed by the application.\n\nThe vulnerability is addressed by applying the flask_login.login_required decorator to the /admin/crypto/group/new route, ensuring that only authenticated users can access the functionality."
}
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"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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"title": "Missing Authentication Allows Unauthorized Creation of Crypto Groups in RansomLook",
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
- Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
- In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
- In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
Implementation
System Configuration
Operation
When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].
CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier
This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.
CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values
An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.
CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation
An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.