Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-327
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product uses a broken or risky cryptographic algorithm or protocol.
999 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-47775 (GCVE-0-2026-47775)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-26 17:23 – Updated: 2026-06-29 15:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Envoy OAuth2 Filter: Padding Oracle via AES-256-CBC Cookie Decryption
Summary
Envoy is an open source edge and service proxy designed for cloud-native applications. Prior to 1.35.11, 1.36.7, 1.37.3, and 1.38.1, the OAuth2 HTTP filter's encrypt()/decrypt() functions use AES-256-CBC without an authentication tag (no HMAC, no AEAD). The /callback endpoint returns HTTP 302 on successful decryption and HTTP 401 on padding failure, creating a padding oracle. An attacker who obtains the encrypted CodeVerifier cookie can recover the plaintext PKCE code_verifier in ~6,200 requests (~100 seconds), then exchange it with a stolen authorization code to obtain the victim's access token. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.35.11, 1.36.7, 1.37.3, and 1.38.1.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-29 15:05 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/envoyproxy/envoy/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| envoyproxy | envoy |
Affected:
>= 1.38.0, < 1.38.1
Affected: >= 1.37.0, < 1.37.3 Affected: >= 1.36.0, < 1.36.7 Affected: < 1.35.11 |
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CVE-2026-46395 (GCVE-0-2026-46395)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-05 18:27 – Updated: 2026-06-05 19:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HAX CMS Vulnerable to Private Key Disclosure via Broken HMAC Implementation
Summary
HAX CMS helps manage microsite universe with PHP or NodeJs backends. Prior to version 26.0.0, the `hmacBase64()` function in the HAXcms Node.js backend contains two critical cryptographic implementation errors that together allow any unauthenticated attacker to extract the system’s private signing key and forge arbitrary admin-level JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) allowing them to get full admin access with a single HTTP request. First, the function passes the literal string "0" as the HMAC signing key instead of the key parameter, making every HAXcms instance compute identical HMACs for the same input. Then, after computing the HMAC, the function concatenates the real key parameter which is "this.privateKey + this.salt", the system’s master signing secret is directly onto the output. The combined buffer is base64-encoded and returned as the token. Every base64url token produced has the same structure: 32 bytes HMAC keyed with "0" and N bytes of `privateKey+salt`. An attacker base64-decodes any token, discards the first 32 bytes, and reads the private key directly. The `/system/api/connectionSettings` endpoint is unauthenticated and returns multiple tokens generated by this function. A single GET request to this endpoint exposes the private key. The PHP backend implements this function correctly with the actual key and returns only the hash. The PHP version produces 44-character tokens whereas the broken Node.js version produces 139+ character tokens. Version 26.0.0 fixes the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-05 19:41 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/haxtheweb/issues/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| haxtheweb | haxcms-nodejs |
Affected:
< 26.0.0
|
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CVE-2026-45701 (GCVE-0-2026-45701)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 16:09 – Updated: 2026-06-01 19:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sulu: Weak Cryptographical usage for API Key generation and Reset Tokens
Summary
Sulu is an open-source PHP content management system based on the Symfony framework. Prior to versions 2.6.23 and 3.0.6, the password reset tokenand API key generation uses a weak cryptographical hash algorithm. This issue has been patched in versions 2.6.23 and 3.0.6.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-01 19:07 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sulu/sulu/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sulu/sulu/releases/tag/2.6.23 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sulu/sulu/releases/tag/3.0.6 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-44699 (GCVE-0-2026-44699)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-15 16:08 – Updated: 2026-05-15 18:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LibJWT: Algorithm confusion allows JWT forgery with RSA JWK as empty-key HMAC
Summary
LibJWT is a C JSON Web Token Library. From 3.0.0 to 3.3.2, libjwt accepts an RSA JWK that does not contain an alg parameter as the verification key for an HS256/HS384/HS512 token. In the OpenSSL backend, this causes HMAC verification to run with a zero-length key, so an attacker can forge a valid JWT without knowing any secret or RSA private key. This is an algorithm-confusion authentication bypass. It affects applications that load RSA keys from JWKS where alg is omitted, which is valid JWK syntax and common in real deployments, and then choose the verification algorithm from the JWT header, for example in a kid lookup callback. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.3.3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-15 18:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/benmcollins/libjwt/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| benmcollins | libjwt |
Affected:
>= 3.0.0, < 3.3.3
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CVE-2026-44405 (GCVE-0-2026-44405)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-05 23:50 – Updated: 2026-05-06 12:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Paramiko through 4.0.0 before a448945, rsakey.py allows the SHA-1 algorithm.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-06 12:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-44053 (GCVE-0-2026-44053)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-21 07:34 – Updated: 2026-05-22 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weak cryptography in DHCAST128 UAM
Summary
Netatalk 1.5.0 through 4.2.2 uses a broken cryptographic algorithm in the DHCAST128 UAM, which allows a remote attacker to obtain authentication credentials or impersonate a user via cryptanalytic attack.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-21 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://netatalk.io/security/CVE-2026-44053 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-13 00:00
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CVE-2026-40996 (GCVE-0-2026-40996)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 05:04 – Updated: 2026-06-23 19:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Inbound WS-Security allows RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 key transport by default
Summary
Wss4jSecurityInterceptor defaulted allowRSA15KeyTransportAlgorithm to true, overriding Apache WSS4J's safer default for validation RequestData. Inbound WS-Security decryption could therefore accept RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 (rsa-1_5) encrypted key material unless operators explicitly reconfigured the flag.
Affected versions:
Spring Web Services 5.0.0 through 5.0.1; 4.1.0 through 4.1.3; 4.0.0 through 4.0.18; 3.1.0 through 3.1.8.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-11 12:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | Spring Web Services |
Affected:
5.0.0 , < 5.0.1.1
(custom)
Affected: 4.1.0 , < 4.1.3.1 (custom) Affected: 4.0.0 , < 4.0.19 (custom) Affected: 3.1.0 , < 3.1.9 (custom) |
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CVE-2026-40641 (GCVE-0-2026-40641)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 14:19 – Updated: 2026-06-25 12:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Dell PowerFlex Manager, version(s) prior to 5.1.0.1, contain(s) an Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Information disclosure and Information tampering.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-17 15:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/00047753… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-15 06:30
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CVE-2026-39944 (GCVE-0-2026-39944)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 20:47 – Updated: 2026-09-01 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ceph: CephX AES Authentication error
Summary
Ceph is an open-source distributed storage platform providing object, block, and file storage. In versions prior to 20.2.4 and 19.2.6, the RADOS Gateway (RGW) protects STS session tokens with an AES-128-CBC handler that provides no message authentication, allowing an attacker who holds any valid STS token to tamper with it undetected and escalate to full RGW administrative access. Because the ciphertext is unauthenticated, the attacker can perform a CBC bit-flip on the acct_type, perm_type, and is_admin fields of their own token, and a forged is_admin value triggers a global administrative override that bypasses all capability checks. The attack is reachable remotely over the RGW S3 endpoint and is a self-contained modification of a token the attacker already possesses, requiring no encryption oracle and no network observation. It requires only a single valid STS token, which need not carry any elevated privileges, with STS enabled. This issue is fixed in versions 20.2.4 and 19.2.6.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ceph/ceph/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/ceph/ceph/releases/tag/v19.2.6 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/ceph/ceph/releases/tag/v20.2.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-34950 (GCVE-0-2026-34950)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-06 15:54 – Updated: 2026-04-06 18:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
fast-jwt has an incomplete fix for CVE-2023-48223: JWT Algorithm Confusion via Whitespace-Prefixed RSA Public Key
Summary
fast-jwt provides fast JSON Web Token (JWT) implementation. In 6.1.0 and earlier, the publicKeyPemMatcher regex in fast-jwt/src/crypto.js uses a ^ anchor that is defeated by any leading whitespace in the key string, re-enabling the exact same JWT algorithm confusion attack that CVE-2023-48223 patched.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-06 18:43 UTC
CWE
- CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nearform/fast-jwt/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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Mitigation MIT-24
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- When there is a need to store or transmit sensitive data, use strong, up-to-date cryptographic algorithms to encrypt that data. Select a well-vetted algorithm that is currently considered to be strong by experts in the field, and use well-tested implementations. As with all cryptographic mechanisms, the source code should be available for analysis.
- For example, US government systems require FIPS 140-2 certification [REF-1192].
- Do not develop custom or private cryptographic algorithms. They will likely be exposed to attacks that are well-understood by cryptographers. Reverse engineering techniques are mature. If the algorithm can be compromised if attackers find out how it works, then it is especially weak.
- Periodically ensure that the cryptography has not become obsolete. Some older algorithms, once thought to require a billion years of computing time, can now be broken in days or hours. This includes MD4, MD5, SHA1, DES, and other algorithms that were once regarded as strong. [REF-267]
Mitigation MIT-52
Architecture and Design
Ensure that the design allows one cryptographic algorithm to be replaced with another in the next generation or version. Where possible, use wrappers to make the interfaces uniform. This will make it easier to upgrade to stronger algorithms. With hardware, design the product at the Intellectual Property (IP) level so that one cryptographic algorithm can be replaced with another in the next generation of the hardware product.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Carefully manage and protect cryptographic keys (see CWE-320). If the keys can be guessed or stolen, then the strength of the cryptography itself is irrelevant.
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Industry-standard implementations will save development time and may be more likely to avoid errors that can occur during implementation of cryptographic algorithms. Consider the ESAPI Encryption feature.
Mitigation MIT-25
Implementation
Architecture and Design
When using industry-approved techniques, use them correctly. Don't cut corners by skipping resource-intensive steps (CWE-325). These steps are often essential for preventing common attacks.
CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing
An attacker, armed with the cipher text and the encryption algorithm used, performs an exhaustive (brute force) search on the key space to determine the key that decrypts the cipher text to obtain the plaintext.
CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.
CAPEC-473: Signature Spoof
An attacker generates a message or datablock that causes the recipient to believe that the message or datablock was generated and cryptographically signed by an authoritative or reputable source, misleading a victim or victim operating system into performing malicious actions.
CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation
An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.
CAPEC-608: Cryptanalysis of Cellular Encryption
The use of cryptanalytic techniques to derive cryptographic keys or otherwise effectively defeat cellular encryption to reveal traffic content. Some cellular encryption algorithms such as A5/1 and A5/2 (specified for GSM use) are known to be vulnerable to such attacks and commercial tools are available to execute these attacks and decrypt mobile phone conversations in real-time. Newer encryption algorithms in use by UMTS and LTE are stronger and currently believed to be less vulnerable to these types of attacks. Note, however, that an attacker with a Cellular Rogue Base Station can force the use of weak cellular encryption even by newer mobile devices.
CAPEC-614: Rooting SIM Cards
SIM cards are the de facto trust anchor of mobile devices worldwide. The cards protect the mobile identity of subscribers, associate devices with phone numbers, and increasingly store payment credentials, for example in NFC-enabled phones with mobile wallets. This attack leverages over-the-air (OTA) updates deployed via cryptographically-secured SMS messages to deliver executable code to the SIM. By cracking the DES key, an attacker can send properly signed binary SMS messages to a device, which are treated as Java applets and are executed on the SIM. These applets are allowed to send SMS, change voicemail numbers, and query the phone location, among many other predefined functions. These capabilities alone provide plenty of potential for abuse.
CAPEC-97: Cryptanalysis
Cryptanalysis is a process of finding weaknesses in cryptographic algorithms and using these weaknesses to decipher the ciphertext without knowing the secret key (instance deduction). Sometimes the weakness is not in the cryptographic algorithm itself, but rather in how it is applied that makes cryptanalysis successful. An attacker may have other goals as well, such as: Total Break (finding the secret key), Global Deduction (finding a functionally equivalent algorithm for encryption and decryption that does not require knowledge of the secret key), Information Deduction (gaining some information about plaintexts or ciphertexts that was not previously known) and Distinguishing Algorithm (the attacker has the ability to distinguish the output of the encryption (ciphertext) from a random permutation of bits).