CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2307 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RXWC-H9C5-48JQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-22 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-04 00:00An intent redirection vulnerability in the Mi App Store product. This vulnerability is caused by the Mi App Store does not verify the validity of the incoming data, can cause the app store to automatically download and install apps.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An intent redirection vulnerability in the Mi App Store product. This vulnerability is caused by the Mi App Store does not verify the validity of the incoming data, can cause the app store to automatically download and install apps.",
"id": "GHSA-rxwc-h9c5-48jq",
"modified": "2022-05-04T00:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-04-22T00:00:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trust.mi.com/zh-CN/misrc/bulletins/advisory?cveId=144"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RXX2-V8Q7-WJVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:44 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:44Open redirect vulnerability in the proxyimages function in wowproxy.php in the Wow Moodboard Lite plugin 1.1.1.1 for WordPress allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the url parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-4070"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-17T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in the proxyimages function in wowproxy.php in the Wow Moodboard Lite plugin 1.1.1.1 for WordPress allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in the url parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-rxx2-v8q7-wjvq",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:44:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:44:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-4070"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/75047"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vapid.dhs.org/advisory.php?v=120"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RXX7-MQQX-PHW8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:13 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:13sympa version 6.2.16 and later contains a CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in The "referer" parameter of the wwsympa.fcgi login action. that can result in Open redirection and reflected XSS via data URIs. This attack appear to be exploitable via Victim's browser must follow a URL supplied by the attacker. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in none available.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-1000671"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-09-06T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "sympa version 6.2.16 and later contains a CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in The \"referer\" parameter of the wwsympa.fcgi login action. that can result in Open redirection and reflected XSS via data URIs. This attack appear to be exploitable via Victim\u0027s browser must follow a URL supplied by the attacker. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in none available.",
"id": "GHSA-rxx7-mqqx-phw8",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:13:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:13:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000671"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sympa-community/sympa/issues/268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00023.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/11/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4442-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V22Q-94V8-95Q2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 03:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 03:30Due to an Open Redirect vulnerability in SAP Business Connector, an unauthenticated attacker could craft a malicious URL that, if accessed by a victim, redirects them to an attacker-controlled site displayed within an embedded frame. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to steal sensitive information and perform unauthorized actions, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of web client data. There is no impact to system availability resulting from this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-42893"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T01:15:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to an Open Redirect vulnerability in SAP Business Connector, an unauthenticated attacker could craft a malicious URL that, if accessed by a victim, redirects them to an attacker-controlled site displayed within an embedded frame. Successful exploitation could allow the attacker to steal sensitive information and perform unauthorized actions, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of web client data. There is no impact to system availability resulting from this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-v22q-94v8-95q2",
"modified": "2025-11-11T03:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-11-11T03:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-42893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3662000"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V279-V2XM-WHQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-19 15:30 – Updated: 2022-12-27 22:03A vulnerability was found in oils-js. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file core/Web.js. The manipulation leads to open redirect and the attack can be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is fad8fbae824a7d367dacb90d56cb02c5cb999d42. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "oils"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4260"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-19T21:05:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-19T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in oils-js. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file core/Web.js. The manipulation leads to open redirect and the attack can be initiated remotely. The name of the patch is fad8fbae824a7d367dacb90d56cb02c5cb999d42. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. ",
"id": "GHSA-v279-v2xm-whq9",
"modified": "2022-12-27T22:03:13Z",
"published": "2022-12-19T15:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mannyvergel/oils-js/commit/fad8fbae824a7d367dacb90d56cb02c5cb999d42"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/mannyvergel/oils-js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.216268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20211204010604/https://www.npmjs.com/package/oils"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Oils JS vulnerable to Open Redirect"
}
GHSA-V2VF-JV88-3FP5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-26 17:42 – Updated: 2024-06-26 17:42Impact
This advisory affects authenticated administrators who may be redirected to an untrusted URL using the PageFinder schema. The resolver for the page finder link schema (october://) allowed external links, therefore allowing an open redirect outside the scope of the active host.
This vulnerability assumes a trusted user will attack another trusted user and cannot be actively exploited without access to the administration panel and interaction from the other user.
Patches
This issue has been patched in v3.5.15.
References
Credits to: - Benzetaa
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Email us at hello@octobercms.com
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "october/system"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.2"
},
{
"fixed": "3.5.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-24764"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-26T17:42:18Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-26T01:15:47Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nThis advisory affects authenticated administrators who may be redirected to an untrusted URL using the PageFinder schema. The resolver for the page finder link schema (`october://`) allowed external links, therefore allowing an open redirect outside the scope of the active host.\n\nThis vulnerability assumes a trusted user will attack another trusted user and cannot be actively exploited without access to the administration panel and interaction from the other user.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue has been patched in v3.5.15.\n\n### References\n\nCredits to:\n- [Benzetaa](https://github.com/benzetaa/)\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Email us at [hello@octobercms.com](mailto:hello@octobercms.com)",
"id": "GHSA-v2vf-jv88-3fp5",
"modified": "2024-06-26T17:42:18Z",
"published": "2024-06-26T17:42:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/octobercms/october/security/advisories/GHSA-v2vf-jv88-3fp5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24764"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/octobercms/october"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "October System module has an Open Redirect for Administrator Accounts"
}
GHSA-V38F-5HV3-PW6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:48 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:48Open redirect vulnerability in Ellucian (formerly SunGard) Banner Student 8.5.1.2 through 8.7 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in an unspecified parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5054"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-11T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in Ellucian (formerly SunGard) Banner Student 8.5.1.2 through 8.7 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL in an unspecified parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-v38f-5hv3-pw6r",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:48:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:48:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5054"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/134622/Banner-Student-XSS-Information-Disclosure-Open-Redirect.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/537029/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V3JW-X4G9-2MMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:30A vulnerability in which an attacker can provide a crafted external URL that may redirect a user to an unintended website.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-28301"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:17:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in which an attacker can provide a crafted external URL that may redirect a user to an unintended website.",
"id": "GHSA-v3jw-x4g9-2mmm",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:30:41Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28301"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/orionplatform/content/core-secure-configuration.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/orionplatform/content/release_notes/hco_2026-2_release_notes.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2026-28301"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V3P3-X59H-HH4X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in flexmls Flexmls® IDX flexmls-idx allows Phishing.This issue affects Flexmls® IDX: from n/a through <= 3.15.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67585"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:18:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in flexmls Flexmls\u00ae IDX flexmls-idx allows Phishing.This issue affects Flexmls\u00ae IDX: from n/a through \u003c= 3.15.7.",
"id": "GHSA-v3p3-x59h-hh4x",
"modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:12Z",
"published": "2025-12-09T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67585"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/flexmls-idx/vulnerability/wordpress-flexmls-idx-plugin-3-15-7-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/flexmls-idx/vulnerability/wordpress-flexmls-idx-plugin-3-15-7-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V47J-RW9H-6M47
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:59 – Updated: 2024-04-24 20:18Pagekit before 1.0.14 has a /user/login?redirect= open redirect vulnerability.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "pagekit/pagekit"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-14381"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-24T20:18:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-18T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Pagekit before 1.0.14 has a `/user/login?redirect=` open redirect vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-v47j-rw9h-6m47",
"modified": "2024-04-24T20:18:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:59:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pagekit/pagekit/issues/905"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pagekit/pagekit"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pagekit/pagekit/releases/tag/1.0.14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Pagekit open redirect vulnerability"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.