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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

Allowed

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

2522 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-54072 (GCVE-0-2026-54072)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-11 18:41 – Updated: 2026-09-15 16:33
VLAI
Title
Authorizer: Unvalidated redirect_uri in /authorize leaks OAuth2 tokens to attacker-controlled URL
Summary
Authorizer is an open-source, self-hostable authentication and authorization server. Prior to version 2.2.1, the `/authorize` endpoint accepts any `redirect_uri` without validating it against `AllowedOrigins`. When `response_type=token` or `response_type=id_token`, the server appends `access_token`, `id_token`, and `refresh_token` as query parameters and issues a 302 redirect to the attacker-supplied URL. An unauthenticated attacker can obtain the required `client_id` from the public `/graphql?query={meta{client_id}}` endpoint. A partial fix was applied in v2.0.1 to other handlers (`oauth_login`, `verify_email`, `magic_link_login`, `forgot_password`, `invite_members`, `oauth_callback`) but `/authorize` was not included. Version 2.2.1 contains a more complete fix.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-15 16:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
authorizerdev authorizer Affected: < 2.2.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-53728 (GCVE-0-2026-53728)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 19:04 – Updated: 2026-09-09 17:40
VLAI
Title
Medplum - Improper Validation of Redirect URI in External Auth Callback allows Authorization Code Leakage
Summary
Medplum is a developer platform that enables development of healthcare apps. Prior to version 5.1.6, the external identity provider callback at GET /auth/external accepts attacker-controlled redirect URIs that only need to start with a registered client redirect URI, rather than matching exactly. After a successful external IdP login, the server appends Medplum login and code values to that attacker-supplied URL and issues a redirect. Because the external login request state is serialized as raw JSON and later trusted by the callback, an attacker who can tamper with state.redirectUri can cause Medplum to redirect authorization artifacts to an attacker-controlled endpoint. When the registered redirect URI is a bare origin or another prefix that can be extended into a different hostname, this becomes a cross-origin authorization code leak. This issue has been patched in version 5.1.6.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 17:40 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
medplum medplum Affected: < 5.1.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53683 (GCVE-0-2026-53683)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 08:54 – Updated: 2026-09-14 07:53
VLAI
Title
Freeipa: idm: idm/freeipa web ui - client-side open redirect in reset_password.html
Summary
reset_password.html parses query string parameters and uses the 'url' parameter as a redirection target (window.location = url) after password reset, optionally delayed by a 'delay' parameter. No validation or allowlisting is performed on url, enabling an attacker to redirect users to an arbitrary external site after completion of the password-reset workflow.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 13:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-53683 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487512 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-30 12:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53669 (GCVE-0-2026-53669)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 22:11 – Updated: 2026-07-28 16:04
VLAI
Title
React Router: Open redirect via backslash in <Link> and useNavigate (CVE-2025-68470 bypass)
Summary
React Router is a router for React. Versions 6.0.0 through 7.17.0 are vulnerable to Open Redirtect through use of backslashes in <Link> and useNavigate. This issue is a follow up to CVE-2025-68470 and has been fixed in version 7.18.0.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-28 16:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
remix-run react-router Affected: >= 6.0.0, < 7.18.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53668 (GCVE-0-2026-53668)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 21:42 – Updated: 2026-07-28 13:44
VLAI
Title
React Router: Open redirect can lead to XSS
Summary
React Router is a router for React. In versions 6.30.2 through 6.30.4 and 7.9.6 through 7.12.0, applications that allow open redirects are vulnerable to XSS. An attacker could craft a malicious link that redirects users to an unexpected external site or that exploits an XSS vector.This issue has been fixed in version 7.13.0.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-28 13:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
remix-run react-router Affected: >= 6.30.2, <= 6.30.4
Affected: >= 7.9.6, < 7.13.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53662 (GCVE-0-2026-53662)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 17:36 – Updated: 2026-06-23 18:32
VLAI
Title
immich: One-click account takeover via XSS in login page continue redirect
Summary
immich is a high performance self-hosted photo and video management solution. From commit 4ffa26c9 until 4eb1003, a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability on the /auth/login page allows an attacker to fully compromise any authenticated user's account with a single link click. The continue query parameter is read from the URL and passed to SvelteKit's redirect() without any scheme or origin validation, allowing attacker-controlled JavaScript to execute inside Immich's origin. The payload then uses the victim's existing session to mint an all-permission API key on their account, leading to persistent account takeover. This vulnerability is fixed in commit 4eb1003.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 18:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
immich-app immich Affected: >= main@4ffa26c9, < main@4eb1003
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53654 (GCVE-0-2026-53654)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 15:15 – Updated: 2026-08-19 15:42
VLAI
Title
Grav: Unauthenticated open redirect via login twofa_cancel _redirect
Summary
Grav is a file-based Web platform. Prior to 3.8.5, the Login plugin twofa_cancel task accepts a client-controlled _redirect field without a nonce and allows an unauthenticated request to set an external http, https, or protocol-relative Location target. Controller::execute() applies the field when taskTwofa_cancel() sets no redirect, and Grav::getRedirectResponse() accepts the target through Uri::isExternal(), enabling phishing redirects from a trusted Grav host. This issue is fixed in version 3.8.5.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 15:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getgrav grav Affected: < 3.8.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53586 (GCVE-0-2026-53586)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 18:40 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:46
VLAI
Title
libgit2: HTTP transport can leak credentials to an offsite redirect target
Summary
libgit2 is a portable C implementation of the Git core methods provided as a linkable library with a solid API, allowing to build Git functionality into your application. Prior to 1.8.6 and 1.9.5, the built-in HTTP transport in src/libgit2/transports/http.c follows an offsite initial redirect, and handle_remote_auth and handle_auth pass transport->owner->url instead of transport->server.url to the credential callback when the redirected host returns 401 Unauthorized. A callback that scopes credentials to the original trusted URL can therefore return GIT_CREDENTIAL_USERPASS_PLAINTEXT credentials that libgit2 stores in transport->server.cred and sends as an Authorization header to the redirected host. An attacker who controls a trusted Git host or an open redirect on that host can disclose HTTP Basic credentials, personal access tokens, or equivalent credentials. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.6 and 1.9.5.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 20:58 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  • CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
libgit2 libgit2 Affected: < 1.8.6
Affected: >= 1.9.0, < 1.9.5
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CVE-2026-53573 (GCVE-0-2026-53573)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-31 22:16 – Updated: 2026-08-03 16:26
VLAI
Title
core-geonetwork has an Open Redirect Bypass
Summary
GeoNetwork is a catalog application to manage spatially referenced resources. From 3.12.0 until 4.2.16 and 4.4.11, unsafe redirect validation in GeonetworkOAuth2LoginAuthenticationFilter and KeycloakAuthenticationProcessingFilter permits an attacker-controlled external redirect after login. This issue is fixed in versions 4.2.16 and 4.4.11.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-03 16:19 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
geonetwork core-geonetwork Affected: >= 3.12.0, <= 3.12.12
Affected: >= 4.0.0-alpha.1, <= 4.0.6
Affected: >= 4.2.0, < 4.2.16
Affected: >= 4.4.0, < 4.4.11
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53523 (GCVE-0-2026-53523)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:35
VLAI
Title
Nezha Monitoring: OAuth2 Redirect URL — Host Header Injection
Summary
Nezha Monitoring is a self-hostable, lightweight, servers and websites monitoring and O&M tool. From version 1.0.0 to before version 2.2.0, the getRedirectURL function in oauth2.go:22-29 constructs the OAuth2 callback URL by concatenating the request's Host header with a fixed path, with zero validation of the Host header. This can result in host header injection. This issue has been patched in version 2.2.0.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-15 21:35 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nezhahq nezha Affected: >= 1.0.0, < 2.2.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.

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