Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-602
Allowed-with-ReviewClient-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.
275 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-45274 (GCVE-0-2026-45274)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:38 – Updated: 2026-08-19 15:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MyBooks: Unauthenticated Registration Bypass via Missing Server-Side ALLOW_REGISTER Enforcement
Summary
MyBooks is anebook management web server also known as Talebook. In 3.41.2 and earlier, the SignUp.post handler for POST /api/user/sign_up in webserver/handlers/user.py does not enforce the ALLOW_REGISTER configuration flag, even though the frontend hides registration controls when the flag is false. An unauthenticated remote attacker can call the endpoint directly and create a valid account on an instance whose administrator disabled public registration. The process_auth_header function in webserver/handlers/base.py also does not verify the account's active flag, so the newly created and unactivated account can authenticate immediately and access user-level API functionality. The bypass defeats the intended account-creation policy and can supply the low-privilege account required by related authorization vulnerabilities. This issue is fixed in version 3.42.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 15:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/PoxenStudio/mybooks/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/PoxenStudio/mybooks/commit/a17… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/PoxenStudio/mybooks/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PoxenStudio | talebook |
Affected:
< 3.42.0
|
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CVE-2026-44567 (GCVE-0-2026-44567)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-15 20:59 – Updated: 2026-05-18 16:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Open WebUI: Open WebUI Improper Authorization Control
Summary
Open WebUI is a self-hosted artificial intelligence platform designed to operate entirely offline. Prior to 0.1.124, the API does not properly validate that the user has an authorized user role of user. By default, when Open WebUI is configured with new sign-ups enabled, the default user role is set to pending. In this configuration, an administrator is required to go into the Admin management panel following a new user registration and reconfigure the user to have a role of either user or admin before that user is able to access the web application. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.1.124.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-18 16:11 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-webui | open-webui |
Affected:
< 0.1.124
|
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CVE-2026-42329 (GCVE-0-2026-42329)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 20:47 – Updated: 2026-06-08 15:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Iris has an Open Redirect issue
Summary
Iris is a web collaborative platform that helps incident responders share technical details during investigations. Versions prior to 2.4.28 contain a weakness where an attacker can misuse it to redirect the user to a malicious website controlled by an attacker. Version 2.4.28 fixes the issue.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-08 15:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dfir-iris/iris-web/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/19/7 |
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CVE-2026-42266 (GCVE-0-2026-42266)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 15:08 – Updated: 2026-08-28 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
JupyterLab has an Extension Manager API/GUI Policy Discrepancy allowing 3rd party (malicious) extensions install via POST request.
Summary
JupyterLab is an extensible environment for interactive and reproducible computing, based on the Jupyter Notebook Architecture. From 4.0.0 to 4.5.6, the allow-list of extensions that can be installed from PyPI Extension Manager (allowed_extensions_uris) is not correctly enforced by JupyterLab. The PyPI Extension Manager was not contained to packages listed on the default PyPI index. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.7.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-13 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://jupyterhub.readthedocs.io/en/5.2.1/explan… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://jupyterlab.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-42266 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2477072 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43038 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:60520 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
15 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jupyterlab | jupyterlab |
Affected:
>= 4.0.0, < 4.5.7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Migration Toolkit for Applications 8.2 |
Unaffected:
1784109883 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:migration_toolkit_applications:8.2::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787076778 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787077779 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787076481 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787074331 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073913 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787074078 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073929 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073605 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073546 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073717 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073713 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.4 |
Unaffected:
1787073593 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.4::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai
|
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CVE-2026-42160 (GCVE-0-2026-42160)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 19:46 – Updated: 2026-05-11 18:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Data Space Portal: Incorrect Authorization and Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security in ghcr.io/sovity/ds-portal-ce-backend
Summary
Data Space Portal is an open-source Software as a Service (SaaS) solution designed to streamline Dataspace management. From version 2.1.1 to before version 7.3.2, there is insufficient authorization in the dataspace-portal backend regarding self-registered "PENDING" organization / user accounts. This issue has been patched in version 7.3.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 18:18 UTC
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sovity/dataspace-portal/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sovity/dataspace-portal/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sovity | dataspace-portal |
Affected:
>= 2.1.1, < 7.3.2
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CVE-2026-39415 (GCVE-0-2026-39415)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 20:07 – Updated: 2026-04-09 13:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Frappe Learning Management System has Client-Side Manipulation of Quiz Scores
Summary
Frappe Learning Management System (LMS) is a learning system that helps users structure their content. Prior to 2.46.0, a vulnerability has been identified in Frappe Learning where quiz scores can be modified by students before submission. The application currently relies on client-side calculated scores, which can be altered using browser developer tools prior to sending the submission request. While this does not allow modification of other users’ data or privilege escalation, it compromises the integrity of quiz results and undermines academic reliability. This issue affects data integrity but does not expose confidential information or allow unauthorized access to other accounts. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.46.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-09 13:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
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CVE-2026-30933 (GCVE-0-2026-30933)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-10 16:10 – Updated: 2026-03-10 16:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FileBrowser Quantum Incomplete Remediation of CVE-2026-27611: Password-Protected Share Bypass via /public/api/share/info
Summary
FileBrowser Quantum is a free, self-hosted, web-based file manager. Prior to 1.3.1-beta and 1.2.2-stable, the remediation for CVE-2026-27611 is incomplete. Password protected shares still disclose tokenized downloadURL via /public/api/share/info. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.3.1-beta and 1.2.2-stable.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-10 16:38 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gtsteffaniak/filebrowser/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/gtsteffaniak/filebrowser/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/gtsteffaniak/filebrowser/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gtsteffaniak | filebrowser |
Affected:
>= 1.3.0-beta, < 1.3.1-beta
Affected: >= 1.2.6-beta, < 1.2.2-stable Affected: = 1.1.3-stable |
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CVE-2026-30783 (GCVE-0-2026-30783)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-05 15:52 – Updated: 2026-06-22 13:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
RustDesk Client Can Orphan API Channel to Ignore All Admin Commands and ACL Policies
Summary
A vulnerability in rustdesk-client RustDesk Client rustdesk-client on Windows, MacOS, Linux, iOS, Android, WebClient (Client signaling, API sync loop, config management modules) allows Privilege Abuse.
This vulnerability is associated with program files src/rendezvous_mediator.Rs, src/hbbs_http/sync.Rs and program routines API sync loop, api-server config handling.
This issue affects RustDesk Client: through 1.4.8.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-06 10:26 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://rustdesk.com/docs/en/client/ | technical-descriptionx_--config documentation |
| https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSds6… | third-party-advisoryexploit |
| https://www.vulsec.org/ | vdb-entrythird-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| rustdesk-client | RustDesk Client |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.4.8
(custom)
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Date Public
2026-03-05 13:45
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CVE-2026-29077 (GCVE-0-2026-29077)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-05 20:22 – Updated: 2026-03-06 17:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Frappe: Broken Access Control in DocShare
Summary
Frappe is a full-stack web application framework. Prior to versions 15.98.0 and 14.100.0, due to a lack of validation when sharing documents, a user could share a document with a permission that they themselves didn't have. This issue has been patched in versions 15.98.0 and 14.100.0.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-06 17:02 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/frappe/frappe/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-25737 (GCVE-0-2026-25737)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-09 20:08 – Updated: 2026-03-09 20:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Budibase Arbitrary File Upload Leading to Multiple Critical Vulnerabilities (SSRF, Stored XSS)
Summary
Budibase is a low code platform for creating internal tools, workflows, and admin panels. In 3.24.0 and earlier, an arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists even though file extension restrictions are configured. The restriction is enforced only at the UI level. An attacker can bypass these restrictions and upload malicious files.
Severity
8.9 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-09 20:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T20:34:21.618Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "budibase",
"vendor": "Budibase",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c= 3.24.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Budibase is a low code platform for creating internal tools, workflows, and admin panels. In 3.24.0 and earlier, an arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists even though file extension restrictions are configured. The restriction is enforced only at the UI level. An attacker can bypass these restrictions and upload malicious files."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 8.9,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-602",
"description": "CWE-602: Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T20:08:32.067Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/advisories/GHSA-2hfr-343j-863r",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/advisories/GHSA-2hfr-343j-863r"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-2hfr-343j-863r",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Budibase Arbitrary File Upload Leading to Multiple Critical Vulnerabilities (SSRF, Stored XSS)"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-25737",
"datePublished": "2026-03-09T20:08:32.067Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-02-05T16:48:00.427Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T20:34:21.618Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If some degree of trust is required between the two entities, then use integrity checking and strong authentication to ensure that the inputs are coming from a trusted source. Design the product so that this trust is managed in a centralized fashion, especially if there are complex or numerous communication channels, in order to reduce the risks that the implementer will mistakenly omit a check in a single code path.
CAPEC-162: Manipulating Hidden Fields
An adversary exploits a weakness in the server's trust of client-side processing by modifying data on the client-side, such as price information, and then submitting this data to the server, which processes the modified data. For example, eShoplifting is a data manipulation attack against an on-line merchant during a purchasing transaction. The manipulation of price, discount or quantity fields in the transaction message allows the adversary to acquire items at a lower cost than the merchant intended. The adversary performs a normal purchasing transaction but edits hidden fields within the HTML form response that store price or other information to give themselves a better deal. The merchant then uses the modified pricing information in calculating the cost of the selected items.
CAPEC-202: Create Malicious Client
An adversary creates a client application to interface with a target service where the client violates assumptions the service makes about clients. Services that have designated client applications (as opposed to services that use general client applications, such as IMAP or POP mail servers which can interact with any IMAP or POP client) may assume that the client will follow specific procedures.
CAPEC-207: Removing Important Client Functionality
An adversary removes or disables functionality on the client that the server assumes to be present and trustworthy.
CAPEC-208: Removing/short-circuiting 'Purse' logic: removing/mutating 'cash' decrements
An attacker removes or modifies the logic on a client associated with monetary calculations resulting in incorrect information being sent to the server. A server may rely on a client to correctly compute monetary information. For example, a server might supply a price for an item and then rely on the client to correctly compute the total cost of a purchase given the number of items the user is buying. If the attacker can remove or modify the logic that controls these calculations, they can return incorrect values to the server. The attacker can use this to make purchases for a fraction of the legitimate cost or otherwise avoid correct billing for activities.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.