Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-674
Allowed-with-ReviewUncontrolled Recursion
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly control the amount of recursion that takes place, consuming excessive resources, such as allocated memory or the program stack.
616 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-66031 (GCVE-0-2025-66031)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-26 22:23 – Updated: 2025-11-28 18:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
node-forge ASN.1 Unbounded Recursion
Summary
Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. An Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft deep ASN.1 structures that trigger unbounded recursive parsing. This leads to a Denial-of-Service (DoS) via stack exhaustion when parsing untrusted DER inputs. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/260… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| digitalbazaar | forge |
Affected:
< 1.3.2
|
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CVE-2025-61766 (GCVE-0-2025-61766)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-06 16:07 – Updated: 2025-10-06 17:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Bucket vulnerable to infinite recursion when querying a bucket using the != operator
Summary
Bucket is a MediaWiki extension to store and retrieve structured data on articles. Prior to version 1.0.0, infinite recursion can occur if a user queries a bucket using the `!=` comparator. This will result in PHP's call stack limit exceeding, and/or increased memory consumption, potentially leading to a denial of service. Version 1.0.0 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/weirdgloop/mediawiki-extension… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/weirdgloop/mediawiki-extension… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/weirdgloop/mediawiki-extension… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| weirdgloop | mediawiki-extensions-Bucket |
Affected:
< 1.0.0
|
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CVE-2025-59789 (GCVE-0-2025-59789)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-01 10:22 – Updated: 2025-12-01 15:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Unbounded Recursion in JSON Parser
Summary
Uncontrolled recursion in the json2pb component in Apache bRPC (version < 1.15.0) on all platforms allows remote attackers to make the server crash via sending deep recursive json data.
Root Cause:
The bRPC json2pb component uses rapidjson to parse json data from the network. The rapidjson parser uses a recursive parsing method by default. If the input json has a large depth of recursive structure, the parser function may run into stack overflow.
Affected Scenarios:
Use bRPC server with protobuf message to serve http+json requests from untrusted network. Or directly use JsonToProtoMessage to convert json from untrusted input.
How to Fix:
(Choose one of the following options)
1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0, which fixes this issue.
2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3099
Note:
No matter which option
you choose, you should know that the fix introduces a recursion depth limit with default value 100. It affects these functions:
ProtoMessageToJson, ProtoMessageToProtoJson, JsonToProtoMessage, and ProtoJsonToProtoMessage.
If your requests contain json or protobuf messages that have a depth exceeding the limit, the request will be failed after applying the fix. You can modify the gflag json2pb_max_recursion_depth to change the limit.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache bRPC |
Affected:
0 , < 1.15.0
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-59364 (GCVE-0-2025-59364)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-14 00:00 – Updated: 2025-09-15 15:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The express-xss-sanitizer (aka Express XSS Sanitizer) package through 2.0.0 for Node.js has an unbounded recursion depth in sanitize in lib/sanitize.js for a JSON request body.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Express XSS Sanitizer project | Express XSS Sanitizer |
Affected:
2.0.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-57809 (GCVE-0-2025-57809)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 21:22 – Updated: 2025-08-26 20:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
XGrammar affected by Denial of Service by infinite recursion grammars
Summary
XGrammar is an open-source library for efficient, flexible, and portable structured generation. Prior to version 0.1.21, XGrammar has an infinite recursion issue in the grammar. This issue has been resolved in version 0.1.21.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/issues/250 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/commit/b943fea… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-55095 (GCVE-0-2025-55095)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 15:34 – Updated: 2026-01-27 15:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The function _ux_host_class_storage_media_mount() is responsible for mounting partitions on a USB mass storage device. When it encounters an extended partition entry in the partition table, it recursively calls itself to mount the next logical partition.
This recursion occurs in _ux_host_class_storage_partition_read(), which parses up to four partition entries. If an extended partition is found (with type UX_HOST_CLASS_STORAGE_PARTITION_EXTENDED or EXTENDED_LBA_MAPPED), the code invokes:
_ux_host_class_storage_media_mount(storage, sector + _ux_utility_long_get(...));
There is no limit on the recursion depth or tracking of visited sectors. As a result, a malicious or malformed disk image can include cyclic or excessively deep chains of extended partitions, causing the function to recurse until stack overflow occurs.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eclipse Foundation | Eclipse ThreadX - USBX |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 6.4.2
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-54858 (GCVE-0-2025-54858)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 13:55 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BIG-IP Advanced WAF and ASM vulnerability
Summary
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Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000156621 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-10-15 14:00
Credits
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CVE-2025-53864 (GCVE-0-2025-53864)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-11 00:00 – Updated: 2025-09-23 18:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Connect2id Nimbus JOSE + JWT 10.0.x before 10.0.2 and 9.37.x before 9.37.4 allows a remote attacker to cause a denial of service via a deeply nested JSON object supplied in a JWT claim set, because of uncontrolled recursion. NOTE: this is independent of the Gson 2.11.0 issue because the Connect2id product could have checked the JSON object nesting depth, regardless of what limits (if any) were imposed by Gson.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Connect2id | Nimbus JOSE+JWT |
Affected:
0 , < 10.0.2
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-53605 (GCVE-0-2025-53605)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-05 00:00 – Updated: 2025-07-08 14:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
The protobuf crate before 3.7.2 for Rust allows uncontrolled recursion in the protobuf::coded_input_stream::CodedInputStream::skip_group parsing of unknown fields in untrusted input.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| stepancheg | protobuf |
Affected:
0 , < 3.7.2
(semver)
|
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CVE-2025-48924 (GCVE-0-2025-48924)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-11 14:56 – Updated: 2025-11-04 22:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Commons Lang, Apache Commons Lang: ClassUtils.getClass(...) can throw a StackOverflowError on very long inputs
Summary
Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Apache Commons Lang.
This issue affects Apache Commons Lang: Starting with commons-lang:commons-lang 2.0 to 2.6, and, from org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 3.0 before 3.18.0.
The methods ClassUtils.getClass(...) can throw StackOverflowError on very long inputs. Because an Error is usually not handled by applications and libraries, a
StackOverflowError could cause an application to stop.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.18.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Commons Lang |
Affected:
2.0 , ≤ 2.6
(maven)
|
|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Commons Lang |
Affected:
3.0 , < 3.18.0
(maven)
|
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Mitigation
Implementation
Ensure that an end condition will be reached under all logic conditions. The end condition may include checking against the depth of recursion and exiting with an error if the recursion goes too deep. The complexity of the end condition contributes to the effectiveness of this action.
Mitigation
Implementation
Increase the stack size.
CAPEC-230: Serialized Data with Nested Payloads
Applications often need to transform data in and out of a data format (e.g., XML and YAML) by using a parser. It may be possible for an adversary to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the parser when it is being processed. Many data format languages allow the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. By nesting these structures, causing the data to be repeatedly substituted, an adversary can cause the parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization.
CAPEC-231: Oversized Serialized Data Payloads
An adversary injects oversized serialized data payloads into a parser during data processing to produce adverse effects upon the parser such as exhausting system resources and arbitrary code execution.