Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5416 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2021-22899 (GCVE-0-2021-22899)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-27 11:15 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A command injection vulnerability exists in Pulse Connect Secure before 9.1R11.4 allows a remote authenticated attacker to perform remote code execution via Windows Resource Profiles Feature
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection - Generic (CWE-77)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kb.pulsesecure.net/articles/Pulse_Securit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Pulse Connect Secure |
Affected:
Fixed in 9.1R11.4
|
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CVE-2021-22868 (GCVE-0-2021-22868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-24 17:50 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unsafe configuration options in GitHub Pages leading to path traversal on GitHub Enterprise Server
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that could be exploited when building a GitHub Pages site. User-controlled configuration options used by GitHub Pages were not sufficiently restricted and made it possible to read files on the GitHub Enterprise Server instance. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need permission to create and build a GitHub Pages site on the GitHub Enterprise Server instance. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.1.8 and was fixed in 3.1.8, 3.0.16, and 2.22.22. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program. This is the result of an incomplete fix for CVE-2021-22867.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection - Generic
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%403.… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%403.… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%402.… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub | GitHub Enterprise Server |
Affected:
2.22 , < 2.22.22
(custom)
Affected: 3.0 , < 3.0.16 (custom) Affected: 3.1 , < 3.1.8 (custom) |
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CVE-2021-22867 (GCVE-0-2021-22867)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-07-14 20:55 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unsafe configuration options in GitHub Pages leading to path traversal on GitHub Enterprise Server
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that could be exploited when building a GitHub Pages site. User-controlled configuration options used by GitHub Pages were not sufficiently restricted and made it possible to read files on the GitHub Enterprise Server instance. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need permission to create and build a GitHub Pages site on the GitHub Enterprise Server instance. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.1.3 and was fixed in 3.1.3, 3.0.11, and 2.22.17. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection - Generic
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%402.… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%403.… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%403.… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub | GitHub Enterprise Server |
Affected:
2.22 , < 2.22.17
(custom)
Affected: 3.0 , < 3.0.11 (custom) Affected: 3.1 , < 3.1.3 (custom) |
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CVE-2021-22864 (GCVE-0-2021-22864)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-03-23 21:40 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unsafe configuration options in GitHub Pages leading to remote code execution on GitHub Enterprise Server
Summary
A remote code execution vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that could be exploited when building a GitHub Pages site. User-controlled configuration options used by GitHub Pages were not sufficiently restricted and made it possible to override environment variables leading to code execution on the GitHub Enterprise Server instance. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker would need permission to create and build a GitHub Pages site on the GitHub Enterprise Server instance. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.0.3 and was fixed in 3.0.3, 2.22.9, and 2.21.17. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection - Generic
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%402.… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%402.… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server%403.… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitHub | GitHub Enterprise Server |
Affected:
2.21 , < 2.21.17
(custom)
Affected: 2.22 , < 2.22.9 (custom) Affected: 3.0 , < 3.0.3 (custom) |
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CVE-2021-21595 (GCVE-0-2021-21595)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-08-16 22:00 – Updated: 2024-09-17 00:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Dell EMC PowerScale OneFS versions 8.2.x - 9.1.1.x contain an improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command. This vulnerability could allow the compadmin user to elevate privileges. This only impacts Smartlock WORM compliance mode clusters as a critical vulnerability and Dell recommends to update/upgrade at the earliest opportunity.
Severity
6 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000190408 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | PowerScale OneFS |
Affected:
8.2.x - 9.1.1.x
|
Date Public
2021-08-10 00:00
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CVE-2021-21406 (GCVE-0-2021-21406)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-07-21 15:05 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Command Injection vulnerability in the Setup Wizard
Summary
Combodo iTop is an open source, web based IT Service Management tool. In versions prior to 2.7.4, there is a command injection vulnerability in the Setup Wizard when providing Graphviz executable path. The vulnerability is patched in version 2.7.4 and 3.0.0.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Combodo/iTop/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2021-4406 (GCVE-0-2021-4406)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-10 06:29 – Updated: 2025-09-24 15:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authenticated Remote COmmand Execution as root in OSNEXUS QuantaStor version 6.0.0.355 and others
Summary
An authenticated attacker is able to create alerts that trigger a stored XSS attack.
POC
* go to the alert manager
* open the ITSM tab
* add a webhook with the URL/service token value
' -h && id | tee /tmp/ttttttddddssss #' (whitespaces are tab characters)
* click add
* click apply
* create a test alert
* The test alert will run the command
“id | tee /tmp/ttttttddddssss” as root.
* after the test alert inspect
/tmp/ttttttddddssss it'll contain the ids of the root user.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2021-00020/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.osnexus.com/products/software-defined… | product |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2021-4406 | third-party-advisoryexploittechnical-description |
| https://www.divd.nl/DIVD-2021-00020 | third-party-advisoryx_transferred |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/cves/CVE-2021-4406/ | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OSNEXUS | QuantaStor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 6.0.0.355
(semver)
|
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CVE-2021-4329 (GCVE-0-2021-4329)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-05 19:00 – Updated: 2025-03-05 19:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
json-logic-js logic.js command injection
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in json-logic-js 2.0.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file logic.js. The manipulation leads to command injection. Upgrading to version 2.0.1 is able to address this issue. The patch is identified as c1dd82f5b15d8a553bb7a0cfa841ab8a11a9c227. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. VDB-222266 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.222266 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.222266 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/jwadhams/json-logic-js/pull/98 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/jwadhams/json-logic-js/commit/… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | json-logic-js |
Affected:
2.0.0
|
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CVE-2021-4304 (GCVE-0-2021-4304)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-05 09:59 – Updated: 2025-05-28 13:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
eprintsug ulcc-core toolbox command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in eprintsug ulcc-core. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file cgi/toolbox/toolbox. The manipulation of the argument password leads to command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The patch is named 811edaae81eb044891594f00062a828f51b22cb1. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-217447.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
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3 references
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|---|---|
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| https://github.com/eprintsug/ulcc-core/commit/811… | patch |
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CVE-2021-4045 (GCVE-0-2021-4045)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-03-07 21:58 – Updated: 2024-09-17 02:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TP-LINK Tapo C200 remote code execution vulnerability
Summary
TP-Link Tapo C200 IP camera, on its 1.1.15 firmware version and below, is affected by an unauthenticated RCE vulnerability, present in the uhttpd binary running by default as root. The exploitation of this vulnerability allows an attacker to take full control of the camera.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.incibe-cert.es/en/early-warning/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/168472/TP-Li… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
Date Public
2022-02-11 00:00
Credits
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.