Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5770 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-19982 (GCVE-0-2026-19982)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 04:15 – Updated: 2026-08-18 14:24
VLAI
Title
GL.iNet BE9300/MT6000 Firewall-management RPC os command injection
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in GL.iNet BE9300 and MT6000 4.8.x. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Firewall-management RPC. The manipulation of the argument dest_port/dest_ip leads to os command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. Upgrading to version 4.9.0 is able to resolve this issue. The affected component should be upgraded. The vendor explains: "After our investigation, we have confirmed that the vulnerability described (...) does indeed exist."
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 14:23 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391164 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391164/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19982 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/873918 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/gl-inet/CVE-issues/blob/main/4… related
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GL.iNet BE9300 Affected: 4.8.*
Unaffected: 4.9.0
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:be9300:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet MT6000 Affected: 4.8.*
Unaffected: 4.9.0
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:mt6000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19981 (GCVE-0-2026-19981)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 04:00 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:47
VLAI
Title
GL.iNet XE3000 Wi-Fi Timer Power-Schedule Feature os command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in GL.iNet A1300, AX1800, AXT1800, BE1400, BE3600, BE6500, BE9300, BE10000, E5800, MT2500, MT3000, MT3600BE, MT5000, MT6000, X2000, X3000 and XE3000 up to 4.8.x. This affects an unknown part of the component Wi-Fi Timer Power-Schedule Feature. Executing a manipulation of the argument switch_power/restore_power can lead to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The vendor explains: "After our investigation, we have confirmed that the vulnerability described (...) does indeed exist."
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 15:45 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391163 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391163/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19981 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/873917 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/gl-inet/CVE-issues/blob/main/4… related
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GL.iNet A1300 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:a1300:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet AX1800 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:ax1800:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet AXT1800 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:axt1800:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet BE1400 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:be1400:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet BE3600 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:be3600:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet BE6500 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:be6500:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet BE9300 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:be9300:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet BE10000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:be10000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet E5800 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:e5800:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet MT2500 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:mt2500:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet MT3000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:mt3000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet MT3600BE Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:mt3600be:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet MT5000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:mt5000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet MT6000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:mt6000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet X2000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:x2000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet X3000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:x3000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GL.iNet XE3000 Affected: 4.0
Affected: 4.1
Affected: 4.2
Affected: 4.3
Affected: 4.4
Affected: 4.5
Affected: 4.6
Affected: 4.7
Affected: 4.8
    cpe:2.3:a:gl.inet:xe3000:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19978 (GCVE-0-2026-19978)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 03:15 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:27 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
jiantao88 android-mcp-server Command Execution index.js child_process.exec os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in jiantao88 android-mcp-server up to cfb872b2446794193b58edd63f4dbf6af48a6292. The impacted element is the function child_process.exec of the file build/index.js of the component Command Execution. Executing a manipulation of the argument deviceId/packageName/permission/extras[].key/extras[].value can lead to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been published and may be used. This product implements a rolling release for ongoing delivery, which means version information for affected or updated releases is unavailable. This patch is called 14e2bf27c88ba137e35cbb0c2a75f72b595bb98a. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 15:27 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jiantao88 android-mcp-server Affected: cfb872b2446794193b58edd63f4dbf6af48a6292
    cpe:2.3:o:jiantao88:android-mcp-server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19976 (GCVE-0-2026-19976)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 02:45 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:52
VLAI
Title
COMFAST CF-N1-S mbox-config sub_44A968 command injection
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in COMFAST CF-N1-S 2.6.0.1. Impacted is the function sub_44A968 of the file /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET&section=ptest_macaddress. Such manipulation of the argument macaddress leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 15:48 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391155 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391155/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19976 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/873821 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/1ChaoRen1/IOT/blob/main/CF-N1-… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
COMFAST CF-N1-S Affected: 2.6.0.1
    cpe:2.3:a:comfast:cf-n1-s:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19963 (GCVE-0-2026-19963)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-16 23:30 – Updated: 2026-08-17 15:25
VLAI
Title
Edimax EW-7478APC stainfo command injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. Affected by this issue is the function stainfo of the file /goform/stainfo. The manipulation of the argument interface leads to command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 15:25 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391140 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391140/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19963 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/872877 third-party-advisory
https://lavender-bicycle-a5a.notion.site/EDIMAX-E… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Edimax EW-7478APC Affected: 1.04
    cpe:2.3:a:edimax:ew-7478apc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19962 (GCVE-0-2026-19962)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-16 23:15 – Updated: 2026-08-18 14:12
VLAI
Title
Edimax EW-7478APC setWAN command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. Affected by this vulnerability is the function setWAN of the file /goform/setWAN. Executing a manipulation of the argument pppUserName/pptpUserName/L2TPUserName can lead to command injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 14:12 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391139 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391139/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19962 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/872876 third-party-advisory
https://lavender-bicycle-a5a.notion.site/EDIMAX-E… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Edimax EW-7478APC Affected: 1.04
    cpe:2.3:a:edimax:ew-7478apc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19960 (GCVE-0-2026-19960)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-16 22:45 – Updated: 2026-08-19 15:41
VLAI
Title
Edimax EW-7478APC formWlbasic command injection
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Edimax EW-7478APC 1.04. This impacts the function formWlbasic of the file /goform/formWlbasic. Such manipulation of the argument rootAPmac leads to command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 15:41 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391137 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/391137/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19960 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/872874 third-party-advisory
https://lavender-bicycle-a5a.notion.site/EDIMAX-E… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Edimax EW-7478APC Affected: 1.04
    cpe:2.3:a:edimax:ew-7478apc:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19771 (GCVE-0-2026-19771)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 01:45 – Updated: 2026-08-18 01:49
VLAI
Title
Baicells EG3661M LuCI Web luci os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in Baicells EG3661M BaiCE_BQ6_2.0.5.3_NA. This impacts an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/luci of the component LuCI Web Interface. Such manipulation of the argument MaxHops/Timeout/Size leads to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 01:49 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/389685 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/389685/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19771 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/869362 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/actuator/cve/blob/main/Baicell… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Baicells EG3661M Affected: BaiCE_BQ6_2.0.5.3_NA
    cpe:2.3:a:baicells:eg3661m:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19747 (GCVE-0-2026-19747)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 19:45 – Updated: 2026-08-14 15:42
VLAI
Title
Tenda CH7 ATE Module Kylin HandleCmd command injection
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Tenda CH7, CH7G, CH10, CP3, CP3 Pro, CP7, TC3B14C, TC3B15C, TC3T14C and TC3T15C up to 20260625. This impacts the function CAte::HandleCmd of the file Kylin of the component ATE Module. This manipulation causes command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 15:09 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tenda CH7 Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:ch7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda CH7G Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:ch7g:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda CH10 Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:ch10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda CP3 Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:cp3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda CP3 Pro Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:cp3_pro:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda CP7 Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:cp7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda TC3B14C Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:tc3b14c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda TC3B15C Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:tc3b15c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda TC3T14C Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:tc3t14c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Tenda TC3T15C Affected: 20260625
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:tc3t15c:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-19379 (GCVE-0-2026-19379)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 00:00 – Updated: 2026-08-11 01:52
VLAI
Title
EFM ipTIME AX8004M CGI Endpoint d.cgi popen os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in EFM ipTIME AX8004M 15.09.0. Impacted is the function popen of the file /cgi/d.cgi of the component CGI Endpoint. This manipulation of the argument fname causes os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 01:52 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/387272 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/387272/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-19379 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/866635 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/seting-and-break/vulnerability… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
EFM ipTIME AX8004M Affected: 15.09.0
    cpe:2.3:a:efm:iptime_ax8004m:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.