CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5381 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9R7V-6WJC-J5FJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-24 21:31 – Updated: 2024-10-28 21:30A prompt injection vulnerability in the chatbox of Netangular Technologies ChatNet AI Version v1.0 allows attackers to access and exfiltrate all previous and subsequent chat data between the user and the AI assistant via a crafted message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48145"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-24T19:15:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A prompt injection vulnerability in the chatbox of Netangular Technologies ChatNet AI Version v1.0 allows attackers to access and exfiltrate all previous and subsequent chat data between the user and the AI assistant via a crafted message.",
"id": "GHSA-9r7v-6wjc-j5fj",
"modified": "2024-10-28T21:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-10-24T21:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48145"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://apps.microsoft.com/detail/9n3zxd05895t?hl=en-us\u0026gl=US"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/soursec/CVEs/tree/main/CVE-2024-48145"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RF3-G22Q-9XFP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31Magnet Forensics AXIOM Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Magnet Forensics AXIOM. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must acquire data from a malicious mobile device.
The specific flaw exists within the Android device image acquisition functionality. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-21255.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42128"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Magnet Forensics AXIOM Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Magnet Forensics AXIOM. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must acquire data from a malicious mobile device.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the Android device image acquisition functionality. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-21255.",
"id": "GHSA-9rf3-g22q-9xfp",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1533"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RFR-RPRQ-PV78
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-02 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-12 09:30Attackers with access to user accounts can inject arbitrary control characters to SIEVE mail-filter rules. This could be abused to access SIEVE extension that are not allowed by App Suite or to inject rules which would break per-user filter processing, requiring manual cleanup of such rules. We have added sanitization to all mail-filter APIs to avoid forwardning control characters to subsystems. No publicly available exploits are known.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26430"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-02T13:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Attackers with access to user accounts can inject arbitrary control characters to SIEVE mail-filter rules. This could be abused to access SIEVE extension that are not allowed by App Suite or to inject rules which would break per-user filter processing, requiring manual cleanup of such rules. We have added sanitization to all mail-filter APIs to avoid forwardning control characters to subsystems. No publicly available exploits are known.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-9rfr-rprq-pv78",
"modified": "2024-01-12T09:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-08-02T15:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.open-xchange.com/appsuite/security/advisories/csaf/2023/oxas-adv-2023-0003.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.open-xchange.com/security/advisories/csaf/oxas-adv-2023-0003.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://software.open-xchange.com/products/appsuite/doc/Release_Notes_for_Patch_Release_6230_7.10.6_2023-05-02.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173943/OX-App-Suite-SSRF-SQL-Injection-Cross-Site-Scripting.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Aug/8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RHW-HMQW-P7M4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-29 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-29 09:30A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DCS-935L 1.10.01. This affects the function sub_400E40 of the file setconf.cgi of the component POST Parameter Handler. Such manipulation of the argument UID leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13545"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-29T09:16:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DCS-935L 1.10.01. This affects the function sub_400E40 of the file setconf.cgi of the component POST Parameter Handler. Such manipulation of the argument UID leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-9rhw-hmqw-p7m4",
"modified": "2026-06-29T09:30:28Z",
"published": "2026-06-29T09:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Real-Simplicity/cve-database/tree/main/CVE_Report_DLink_DCS935L_Command_Injection"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-13545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/842589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/374553"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/374553/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RJ5-X938-CMCG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-30 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-30 09:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DI-7300G+ and DI-8200G 17.12.20A1/19.12.25A1. This affects an unknown part of the file msp_info.htm. The manipulation of the argument flag/cmd/iface leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-6899"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-30T09:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in D-Link DI-7300G+ and DI-8200G 17.12.20A1/19.12.25A1. This affects an unknown part of the file msp_info.htm. The manipulation of the argument flag/cmd/iface leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-9rj5-x938-cmcg",
"modified": "2025-06-30T09:30:25Z",
"published": "2025-06-30T09:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6899"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/2664521593/mycve/blob/main/D-Link_DI/CJ_IN_DLink_4_en.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.314391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.314391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.604444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RJP-Q43G-3644
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 15:30 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:31An os command injection vulnerability exists in the adm.cgi set_ledonoff() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37186"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T15:15:17Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An os command injection vulnerability exists in the adm.cgi set_ledonoff() functionality of Wavlink AC3000 M33A8.V5030.210505. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-9rjp-q43g-3644",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:31:56Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T15:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37186"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2024-2032"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RJX-XWXH-384C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00A remote authenticated command Injection vulnerability was discovered in Aruba ClearPass Policy Manager version(s): Prior to 6.9.5, 6.8.8-HF1, 6.7.14-HF1. A vulnerability in the ClearPass CLI could allow remote authenticated users to run arbitrary commands on the underlying host. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root on the underlying operating system leading to complete system compromise.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-26681"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-23T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote authenticated command Injection vulnerability was discovered in Aruba ClearPass Policy Manager version(s): Prior to 6.9.5, 6.8.8-HF1, 6.7.14-HF1. A vulnerability in the ClearPass CLI could allow remote authenticated users to run arbitrary commands on the underlying host. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as root on the underlying operating system leading to complete system compromise.",
"id": "GHSA-9rjx-xwxh-384c",
"modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:42:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-26681"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2021-004.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RMH-X4G9-GFQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:15 – Updated: 2022-10-24 19:00A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco SD-WAN Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to inject arbitrary commands to be executed with root-level privileges on the underlying operating system of an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation on certain CLI commands. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to an affected device and submitting crafted input to the CLI. The attacker must be authenticated as an administrative user to execute the affected commands. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute commands with root-level privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34726"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-23T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the CLI of Cisco SD-WAN Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to inject arbitrary commands to be executed with root-level privileges on the underlying operating system of an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation on certain CLI commands. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by authenticating to an affected device and submitting crafted input to the CLI. The attacker must be authenticated as an administrative user to execute the affected commands. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute commands with root-level privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-9rmh-x4g9-gfqw",
"modified": "2022-10-24T19:00:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:15:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34726"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sdwan-maapi-cmdinjec-znUYTuC"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9RMX-2MJP-5W4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-06 09:30 – Updated: 2023-01-12 18:30Ghidra/RuntimeScripts/Linux/support/launch.sh in NSA Ghidra through 10.2.2 passes user-provided input into eval, leading to command injection when calling analyzeHeadless with untrusted input.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-22671"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-06T07:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Ghidra/RuntimeScripts/Linux/support/launch.sh in NSA Ghidra through 10.2.2 passes user-provided input into eval, leading to command injection when calling analyzeHeadless with untrusted input.",
"id": "GHSA-9rmx-2mjp-5w4j",
"modified": "2023-01-12T18:30:28Z",
"published": "2023-01-06T09:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22671"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/issues/4869"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/pull/4872"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9V69-WG3M-PJ38
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-10 06:30 – Updated: 2026-02-10 06:30A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-931L up to 1.13.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /goform/setSysAdmin. The manipulation of the argument AdminID results in os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-2260"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-10T04:16:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in D-Link DCS-931L up to 1.13.0. This affects an unknown part of the file /goform/setSysAdmin. The manipulation of the argument AdminID results in os command injection. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.",
"id": "GHSA-9v69-wg3m-pj38",
"modified": "2026-02-10T06:30:39Z",
"published": "2026-02-10T06:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cha0yang1/CVE/blob/main/DLinkRce.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cha0yang1/CVE/blob/main/DLinkRce.md#poc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.345007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.345007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.753398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.