Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-89
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.
27404 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-50636 (GCVE-0-2026-50636)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:34 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LimeSurvey RemoteControl invite_participants/remind_participants SQL Injection
Summary
The RemoteControl API methods invite_participants and remind_participants pass a caller-supplied token-ID array into TokenDynamic::findUninvited(), which concatenates the values directly into a tid IN ('...') SQL clause without parameterization or input validation. A remote, authenticated attacker holding the tokens/update permission on a survey can inject a crafted array element to perform SQL injection. Because LimeSurvey configures its PDO connection with emulated prepared statements (emulatePrepare = true) and does not disable MySQL multi-statements, the injection supports stacked queries: the attacker can append arbitrary additional statements (INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE/DROP/CREATE) after the original SELECT. This permits both arbitrary read of any data in the database, such as administrator bcrypt password hashes (lime_users), survey response PII, session records, and global settings, all recoverable via a SLEEP() time-based blind oracle, and arbitrary write/destruction of that data, including directly overwriting the administrator password hash for immediate account takeover or dropping/truncating tables. Reads and writes extend to any schema the application's database user can access. The RemoteControl interface (RPCInterface = json/xml) must be enabled, which is not the default.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/LimeSurvey/LimeSurvey/pull/5031 | issue-tracking |
| https://www.limesurvey.org/ | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/limesurvey-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| LimeSurvey | LimeSurvey |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 7.0
(custom)
Unaffected: 7.0.1 (custom) |
Date Public
2026-06-09 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-50180 (GCVE-0-2026-50180)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 23:42 – Updated: 2026-07-10 20:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Langroid: SQLChatAgent _validate_query blocklist misses pg_read_file family enabling arbitrary file read
Summary
Langroid is a framework for building large-language-model-powered applications. Prior to version 0.64.0, `SQLChatAgent` in `langroid` ships a `_validate_query` defense-in-depth layer whose `_DANGEROUS_SQL_PATTERNS` regex blocklist enumerates dangerous SQL primitives by specific function name. The list misses the canonical PostgreSQL filesystem-disclosure family `pg_read_file()`, `pg_stat_file()`, `pg_ls_logdir()`, `pg_ls_waldir()`, `pg_current_logfile()` (and similar `SELECT`-shaped functions in the same family). It also leaves SQL Server `OPENDATASOURCE` and SQLite `ATTACH '<file>' AS x` (DATABASE keyword omitted) unblocked. An attacker able to shape the LLM's generated SQL (directly via prompt input or transitively via prompt-injection in data the LLM ingests) can read arbitrary files from the PostgreSQL host through ordinary `SELECT` queries, even with the agent's strict default configuration (`allow_dangerous_operations=False`, `allowed_statement_types=['SELECT']`). The payloads survive the statement-type allowlist (each is a `SELECT`) and pass through the regex blocklist (none of the function names match), then reach the live SQLAlchemy engine via `SQLChatAgent.run_query`. Version 0.64.0 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/langroid/langroid/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/langroid/langroid/commit/00b7d… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-50030 (GCVE-0-2026-50030)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 19:24 – Updated: 2026-07-15 19:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DataEase: Arbitrary SQL execution in preview path (direct data disclosure)
Summary
DataEase is an open source data visualization and analysis tool. Prior to 2.10.23, DataEase SQL preview exposes DatasetDataApi.previewSql/previewSqlCheck through /de2api/datasetData/previewSql, accepts PreviewSqlDTO.sql, PreviewSqlDTO.datasourceId, and PreviewSqlDTO.isCross, then DatasetDataManage.previewSql stores decoded SQL in datasourceRequest.query and CalciteProvider.fetchResultField executes it with prepareStatement(...).executeQuery(), allowing arbitrary readable datasource tables to be queried and returned in preview responses. This issue is fixed in version 2.10.23.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/commit/22930… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-49776 (GCVE-0-2026-49776)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-15 20:19 – Updated: 2026-06-16 01:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress GPTranslate – Multilingual AI Translation for WordPress: Automatically Translate Websites plugin <= 2.32.6 - SQL Injection vulnerability
Summary
Unauthenticated SQL Injection in GPTranslate – Multilingual AI Translation for WordPress: Automatically Translate Websites <= 2.32.6 versions.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| JExtensions Store | GPTranslate – Multilingual AI Translation for WordPress: Automatically Translate Websites |
Affected:
n/a , ≤ 2.32.6
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-49772 (GCVE-0-2026-49772)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-16 09:04 – Updated: 2026-06-16 14:49 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress The Events Calendar plugin 6.15.12-6.16.2 - SQL Injection vulnerability
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in Liquid Web / StellarWP The Events Calendar allows Blind SQL Injection.
This issue affects The Events Calendar: from 6.15.12 through 6.16.2.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liquid Web / StellarWP | The Events Calendar |
Affected:
6.15.12 , ≤ 6.16.2
(custom)
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CVE-2026-49771 (GCVE-0-2026-49771)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 09:49 – Updated: 2026-06-04 12:07 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WordPress Photo Gallery by 10Web plugin <= 1.8.41 - SQL Injection vulnerability
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in 10Web Photo Gallery by 10Web allows Blind SQL Injection.
This issue affects Photo Gallery by 10Web: from n/a through 1.8.41.
Severity
7.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/… | vdb-entry |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10Web | Photo Gallery by 10Web |
Affected:
n/a , ≤ 1.8.41
(custom)
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CVE-2026-49741 (GCVE-0-2026-49741)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 10:54 – Updated: 2026-07-15 12:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TYPO3 CMS - Privilege Escalation & SQL Injection in Form Framework
Summary
Backend users with write access to the form_definition database table were able to directly create, update, or delete form definition records via DataHandler, bypassing the Form Framework's persistence validation and permission checks. This allowed injecting arbitrary form configurations, re-enabling attack vectors originally addressed in TYPO3-CORE-SA-2018-003, including SQL injection and privilege escalation. This issue affects TYPO3 CMS versions 14.0.0-14.3.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa… | vendor-advisory |
| https://typo3.org/security/advisory/typo3-core-sa… | related |
| https://github.com/TYPO3/typo3/commit/c90493c13b6… | patch |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-49498 (GCVE-0-2026-49498)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 12:38 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:33 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ghidra 11.0 < 12.1 - SQL Injection in PostgreSQL Password Change via Unescaped Username
Summary
Ghidra 11.0 before 12.1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the changePassword() method of PostgresFunctionDatabase that fails to escape double quotes in usernames interpolated into ALTER ROLE statements. Authenticated attackers can inject SQL commands via crafted username parameters in PasswordChange network messages to escalate to PostgreSQL superuser privileges and gain full database control.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ghidra-sql-i… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nationalsecurityagency | ghidra |
Affected:
11.0 , < 12.1
(custom)
Unaffected: 12.1 (custom) |
Date Public
2026-05-14 00:00
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CVE-2026-49491 (GCVE-0-2026-49491)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 21:02 – Updated: 2026-06-02 12:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pixa Bank 2.0 SQL Injection via agence-ajax.php API
Summary
Pixa Bank 2.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to extract sensitive data by injecting SQL code into the 'rib' parameter. Attackers can send POST requests to the agence-ajax.php endpoint with UNION-based SQL payloads to retrieve user information including names, email addresses, and phone numbers from the database.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://packetstorm.news/files/id/220748/ | exploit |
| https://pixastudio.com/ | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pixa-bank-sq… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pixastudio | Pixa Bank |
Affected:
2.0
|
Date Public
2026-05-11 00:00
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CVE-2026-49490 (GCVE-0-2026-49490)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-31 12:07 – Updated: 2026-06-01 15:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenCATS - SQL Injection in DataGrid Filter Handling for Tags Column
Summary
OpenCATS from version 0.9.1a contains an SQL injection vulnerability in DataGrid filter handling that allows authenticated attackers to inject SQL through crafted filters targeting the non-filterable Tags column in the Candidates DataGrid. Attackers can bypass column filterable restrictions by manipulating filter requests to execute arbitrary SQL queries against the database.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/opencats/OpenCATS/security/adv… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/opencats-sql… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-04-23 00:00
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Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, consider using persistence layers such as Hibernate or Enterprise Java Beans, which can provide significant protection against SQL injection if used properly.
Mitigation MIT-27
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Parameterization
- If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
- Process SQL queries using prepared statements, parameterized queries, or stored procedures. These features should accept parameters or variables and support strong typing. Do not dynamically construct and execute query strings within these features using "exec" or similar functionality, since this may re-introduce the possibility of SQL injection. [REF-867]
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
- Specifically, follow the principle of least privilege when creating user accounts to a SQL database. The database users should only have the minimum privileges necessary to use their account. If the requirements of the system indicate that a user can read and modify their own data, then limit their privileges so they cannot read/write others' data. Use the strictest permissions possible on all database objects, such as execute-only for stored procedures.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-28
Implementation
Strategy: Output Encoding
- While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
- Instead of building a new implementation, such features may be available in the database or programming language. For example, the Oracle DBMS_ASSERT package can check or enforce that parameters have certain properties that make them less vulnerable to SQL injection. For MySQL, the mysql_real_escape_string() API function is available in both C and PHP.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When constructing SQL query strings, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. This will indirectly limit the scope of an attack, but this technique is less important than proper output encoding and escaping.
- Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing SQL injection, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent SQL injection, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, the name "O'Reilly" would likely pass the validation step, since it is a common last name in the English language. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the database because it contains the "'" apostrophe character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the apostrophe might reduce the risk of SQL injection, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the wrong name would be recorded.
- When feasible, it may be safest to disallow meta-characters entirely, instead of escaping them. This will provide some defense in depth. After the data is entered into the database, later processes may neglect to escape meta-characters before use, and you may not have control over those processes.
Mitigation MIT-21
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of SQL Injection, error messages revealing the structure of a SQL query can help attackers tailor successful attack strings.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation
Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-108: Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.
CAPEC-109: Object Relational Mapping Injection
An attacker leverages a weakness present in the database access layer code generated with an Object Relational Mapping (ORM) tool or a weakness in the way that a developer used a persistence framework to inject their own SQL commands to be executed against the underlying database. The attack here is similar to plain SQL injection, except that the application does not use JDBC to directly talk to the database, but instead it uses a data access layer generated by an ORM tool or framework (e.g. Hibernate). While most of the time code generated by an ORM tool contains safe access methods that are immune to SQL injection, sometimes either due to some weakness in the generated code or due to the fact that the developer failed to use the generated access methods properly, SQL injection is still possible.
CAPEC-110: SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering
An attacker modifies the parameters of the SOAP message that is sent from the service consumer to the service provider to initiate a SQL injection attack. On the service provider side, the SOAP message is parsed and parameters are not properly validated before being used to access a database in a way that does not use parameter binding, thus enabling the attacker to control the structure of the executed SQL query. This pattern describes a SQL injection attack with the delivery mechanism being a SOAP message.
CAPEC-470: Expanding Control over the Operating System from the Database
An attacker is able to leverage access gained to the database to read / write data to the file system, compromise the operating system, create a tunnel for accessing the host machine, and use this access to potentially attack other machines on the same network as the database machine. Traditionally SQL injections attacks are viewed as a way to gain unauthorized read access to the data stored in the database, modify the data in the database, delete the data, etc. However, almost every data base management system (DBMS) system includes facilities that if compromised allow an attacker complete access to the file system, operating system, and full access to the host running the database. The attacker can then use this privileged access to launch subsequent attacks. These facilities include dropping into a command shell, creating user defined functions that can call system level libraries present on the host machine, stored procedures, etc.
CAPEC-66: SQL Injection
This attack exploits target software that constructs SQL statements based on user input. An attacker crafts input strings so that when the target software constructs SQL statements based on the input, the resulting SQL statement performs actions other than those the application intended. SQL Injection results from failure of the application to appropriately validate input.
CAPEC-7: Blind SQL Injection
Blind SQL Injection results from an insufficient mitigation for SQL Injection. Although suppressing database error messages are considered best practice, the suppression alone is not sufficient to prevent SQL Injection. Blind SQL Injection is a form of SQL Injection that overcomes the lack of error messages. Without the error messages that facilitate SQL Injection, the adversary constructs input strings that probe the target through simple Boolean SQL expressions. The adversary can determine if the syntax and structure of the injection was successful based on whether the query was executed or not. Applied iteratively, the adversary determines how and where the target is vulnerable to SQL Injection.