CWE-1188
Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default
The product initializes or sets a resource with a default that is intended to be changed by the product's installer, administrator, or maintainer, but the default is not secure.
CVE-2024-50390 (GCVE-0-2024-50390)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-07 16:13 – Updated: 2025-03-07 17:58| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuRouter |
Affected:
2.4.x , < 2.4.5.032
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-50390",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-07T17:58:02.771865Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-07T17:58:11.150Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "QuRouter",
"vendor": "QNAP Systems Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2.4.5.032",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.4.x",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pwn2Own 2024 - Daan Keuper (@daankeuper), Thijs Alkemade, and Khaled Nassar from Computest Sector 7"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QHora. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\u003cbr\u003eQuRouter 2.4.5.032 and later\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QHora. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands.\n\nWe have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\nQuRouter 2.4.5.032 and later"
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-176",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-176"
}
]
},
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-88",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-88"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 7.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
},
{
"cweId": "CWE-78",
"description": "CWE-78",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-07T16:13:03.267Z",
"orgId": "2fd009eb-170a-4625-932b-17a53af1051f",
"shortName": "qnap"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-25-01"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\u003cbr\u003eQuRouter 2.4.5.032 and later\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:\nQuRouter 2.4.5.032 and later"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "QSA-25-01",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "QHora",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2fd009eb-170a-4625-932b-17a53af1051f",
"assignerShortName": "qnap",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-50390",
"datePublished": "2025-03-07T16:13:03.267Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-10-24T03:41:08.489Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-07T17:58:11.150Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2024-51758 (GCVE-0-2024-51758)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-07 17:46 – Updated: 2024-11-21 16:23- CWE-1188 - Insecure Default Initialization of Resource
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/filamentphp/filament/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://filamentphp.com/docs/3.x/actions/prebuilt… | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| filamentphp | filament |
Affected:
>= 3.2.0, < 3.2.123
|
|
| filament | excel_export |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.2.0
(custom)
Affected: 0 , < 3.2.123 (custom) cpe:2.3:a:filament:excel_export:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:filament:excel_export:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "excel_export",
"vendor": "filament",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "3.2.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"lessThan": "3.2.123",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-51758",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-11-07T19:21:37.525972Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-21T16:23:23.083Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "filament",
"vendor": "filamentphp",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 3.2.0, \u003c 3.2.123"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Filament is a collection of full-stack components for accelerated Laravel development. All Filament features that interact with storage use the `default_filesystem_disk` config option. This allows the user to easily swap their storage driver to something production-ready like `s3` when deploying their app, without having to touch multiple configuration options and potentially forgetting about some. The default disk is set to `public` when you first install Filament, since this allows users to quickly get started developing with a functional disk that allows features such as file upload previews locally without the need to set up an S3 disk with temporary URL support. However, some features of Filament such as exports also rely on storage, and the files that are stored contain data that should often not be public. This is not an issue for the many deployed applications, since many use a secure default disk such as S3 in production. However, [CWE-1188](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/1188.html) suggests that having the `public` disk as the default disk in Filament is a security vulnerability itself. As such, we have implemented a measure to protect users whereby if the `public` disk is set as the default disk, the exports feature will automatically swap it out for the `local` disk, if that exists. Users who set the default disk to `local` or `s3` already are not affected. If a user wants to continue to use the `public` disk for exports, they can by setting the export disk deliberately. This change has been included in the 3.2.123 release and all users who use the `public` disk are advised to upgrade."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 2.3,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188: Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-19T13:22:40.970Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/filamentphp/filament/security/advisories/GHSA-4hxw-gc2q-f6f3",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/filamentphp/filament/security/advisories/GHSA-4hxw-gc2q-f6f3"
},
{
"name": "https://filamentphp.com/docs/3.x/actions/prebuilt-actions/export#customizing-the-storage-disk",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://filamentphp.com/docs/3.x/actions/prebuilt-actions/export#customizing-the-storage-disk"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-4hxw-gc2q-f6f3",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Exported files stored in default (`public`) filesystem if not reconfigured in filament"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-51758",
"datePublished": "2024-11-07T17:46:36.151Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-10-31T14:12:45.792Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-21T16:23:23.083Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2024-56433 (GCVE-0-2024-56433)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-26 00:00 – Updated: 2024-12-27 14:48 Disputed- CWE-1188 - Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| shadow-maint | shadow-utils |
Affected:
4.4 , ≤ 4.17.0
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-56433",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-12-27T14:48:37.748358Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-12-27T14:48:48.272Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "shadow-utils",
"vendor": "shadow-maint",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "4.17.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.4",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:shadow-maint:shadow-utils:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndIncluding": "4.17.0",
"versionStartIncluding": "4.4",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "shadow-utils (aka shadow) 4.4 through 4.17.0 establishes a default /etc/subuid behavior (e.g., uid 100000 through 165535 for the first user account) that can realistically conflict with the uids of users defined on locally administered networks, potentially leading to account takeover, e.g., by leveraging newuidmap for access to an NFS home directory (or same-host resources in the case of remote logins by these local network users). NOTE: it may also be argued that system administrators should not have assigned uids, within local networks, that are within the range that can occur in /etc/subuid."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 3.6,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188 Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-12-26T08:41:44.667Z",
"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"shortName": "mitre"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow/issues/1157"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow/blob/e2512d5741d4a44bdd81a8c2d0029b6222728cf0/etc/login.defs#L238-L241"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow/releases/tag/4.4"
}
],
"tags": [
"disputed"
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "enrichogram 0.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-56433",
"datePublished": "2024-12-26T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-26T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-12-27T14:48:48.272Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2024-5801 (GCVE-0-2024-5801)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-10 03:52 – Updated: 2024-08-12 14:44| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| B&R Industrial Automation | Automation Runtime |
Affected:
0 , < 6.0
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-5801",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-08-12T14:15:53.905942Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-12T14:44:00.687Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Automation Runtime",
"vendor": "B\u0026R Industrial Automation",
"versions": [
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "6.0.2",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThan": "6.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2024-08-09T03:50:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Enabled IP Forwarding feature in B\u0026R Automation Runtime versions before 6.0.2 may allow remote attack-ers to compromise network security by routing IP-based packets through the host, potentially by-passing firewall, router, or NAC filtering."
}
],
"value": "Enabled IP Forwarding feature in B\u0026R Automation Runtime versions before 6.0.2 may allow remote attack-ers to compromise network security by routing IP-based packets through the host, potentially by-passing firewall, router, or NAC filtering."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-594",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-594 Traffic Injection"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT",
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188 Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-653",
"description": "CWE-653 Improper Isolation or Compartmentalization",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-10T03:52:02.326Z",
"orgId": "2b718523-d88f-4f37-9bbd-300c20644bf9",
"shortName": "ABB"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.br-automation.com/fileadmin/SA24P011-d8aaf02f.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "IP Forwarding enabled in B\u0026R Automation Runtime",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2b718523-d88f-4f37-9bbd-300c20644bf9",
"assignerShortName": "ABB",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-5801",
"datePublished": "2024-08-10T03:52:02.326Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-06-10T16:11:50.244Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-12T14:44:00.687Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2024-8313 (GCVE-0-2024-8313)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-25 04:29 – Updated: 2025-03-25 13:37| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| B&R Industrial Automation GmbH | APROL |
Affected:
4.4 , < 4.4-00P5
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-8313",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-25T13:34:45.841970Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-25T13:37:29.425Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "APROL",
"vendor": "B\u0026R Industrial Automation GmbH",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.4-00P5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.4",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "An Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere and Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default vulnerability in the SNMP component of B\u0026amp;R APROL \u0026lt;4.4-00P5 may allow an unauthenticated adjacent-based attacker to read and alter configuration using SNMP."
}
],
"value": "An Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere and Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default vulnerability in the SNMP component of B\u0026R APROL \u003c4.4-00P5 may allow an unauthenticated adjacent-based attacker to read and alter configuration using SNMP."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-497",
"description": "CWE-497 Exposure of Sensitive System Information",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188 Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-25T04:29:15.452Z",
"orgId": "2b718523-d88f-4f37-9bbd-300c20644bf9",
"shortName": "ABB"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.br-automation.com/fileadmin/SA24P015-77573c08.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Default or Guessable SNMP community names in B\u0026R APROL",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2b718523-d88f-4f37-9bbd-300c20644bf9",
"assignerShortName": "ABB",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-8313",
"datePublished": "2025-03-25T04:29:15.452Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-08-29T15:09:00.112Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-25T13:37:29.425Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2024-9949 (GCVE-0-2024-9949)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-23 17:37 – Updated: 2024-11-07 16:36- CWE-1188 - Insecure Default Initialization of Resource
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forescout | SecureConnector |
Affected:
11.1.02.1019 , ≤ 11.3.5
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2024-9949",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-10-24T14:51:06.339003Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-10-24T14:51:20.477Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "SecureConnector",
"vendor": "Forescout",
"versions": [
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "11.3.6",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "11.3.5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "11.1.02.1019",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Denial of Service in Forescout SecureConnector\u0026nbsp;11.1.02.1019 on Windows allows Unprivileged user to corrupt the configuration file and cause Denial of Service in the application.\u0026nbsp;"
}
],
"value": "Denial of Service in Forescout SecureConnector\u00a011.1.02.1019 on Windows allows Unprivileged user to corrupt the configuration file and cause Denial of Service in the application."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-234",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-234 Hijacking a privileged process"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 5.8,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188 Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-07T16:36:26.432Z",
"orgId": "a14582b7-06f4-4d66-8e82-3d7ba3739e88",
"shortName": "Forescout"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://forescout.my.site.com/support/s/article/High-Severity-Vulnerability-in-Secure-Connector-HPS-Inspection-Engine-v11-3-5-and-lower"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Denial of Service in Forescout SecureConnector",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a14582b7-06f4-4d66-8e82-3d7ba3739e88",
"assignerShortName": "Forescout",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-9949",
"datePublished": "2024-10-23T17:37:42.978Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-10-14T18:53:58.941Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-11-07T16:36:26.432Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-13357 (GCVE-0-2025-13357)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-21 15:02 – Updated: 2026-04-17 17:57- CWE-1188 - Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-13357",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-21T15:30:52.630287Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-24T18:00:33.469Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"platforms": [
"64 bit",
"32 bit",
"x86",
"ARM",
"MacOS",
"Windows",
"Linux"
],
"product": "Tooling",
"repo": "https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform-provider-vault",
"vendor": "HashiCorp",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.5.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.2.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "This issue was identified by a third party who reported it to HashiCorp."
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eVault\u2019s Terraform Provider incorrectly set the default deny_null_bind parameter for the LDAP auth method to false by default, potentially resulting in an insecure configuration. If the underlying LDAP server allowed anonymous or unauthenticated binds, this could result in authentication bypass. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-13357, is fixed in Vault Terraform Provider v5.5.0.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Vault\u2019s Terraform Provider incorrectly set the default deny_null_bind parameter for the LDAP auth method to false by default, potentially resulting in an insecure configuration. If the underlying LDAP server allowed anonymous or unauthenticated binds, this could result in authentication bypass. This vulnerability, CVE-2025-13357, is fixed in Vault Terraform Provider v5.5.0."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-115",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.4,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188: Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-17T17:57:56.094Z",
"orgId": "67fedba0-ff2e-4543-ba5b-aa93e87718cc",
"shortName": "HashiCorp"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-33-vault-terraform-provider-applied-incorrect-defaults-for-ldap-auth-method/76822"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "HCSEC-2025-33",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Vault Terraform Provider Applied Incorrect Defaults for LDAP Auth Method"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "67fedba0-ff2e-4543-ba5b-aa93e87718cc",
"assignerShortName": "HashiCorp",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-13357",
"datePublished": "2025-11-21T15:02:27.081Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-11-18T15:38:23.306Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-17T17:57:56.094Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-14758 (GCVE-0-2025-14758)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 00:33 – Updated: 2025-12-16 21:22- CWE-1188 - Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://gitlab.com/yaook/operator/-/issues/631 | issue-trackingpermissions-required |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-14758",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-16T21:17:57.934250Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T21:22:55.691Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "YAOOK",
"vendor": "ALASCA",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "0.20251211.0",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.20240809.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "@martinmo, @maximilian.brandt"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Incorrect configuration of replication security in the MariaDB component of the infra-operator in YAOOK Operator allows an on-path attacker to read database contents, potentially including credentials"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188: Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T00:33:32.971Z",
"orgId": "ceab7361-8a18-47b1-92ba-4d7d25f6715a",
"shortName": "GitLab"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "GitLab Issue #631",
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://gitlab.com/yaook/operator/-/issues/631"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade to 0.20251211.0 or later"
}
],
"title": "Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default in YAOOK"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ceab7361-8a18-47b1-92ba-4d7d25f6715a",
"assignerShortName": "GitLab",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-14758",
"datePublished": "2025-12-16T00:33:32.971Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-16T00:04:53.100Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T21:22:55.691Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-1863 (GCVE-0-2025-1863)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-18 05:55 – Updated: 2025-04-18 12:00- CWE-1188 - Insecure Default Initialization of Resource
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | GX10 / GX20 / GP10 / GP20 Paperless Recorders |
Affected:
R5.04.01 or earlier
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | GM Data Acquisition System |
Affected:
R5.05.01 or earlier
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | DX1000 / DX2000 / DX1000N Paperless Recorders |
Affected:
R4.21 or earlier
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | FX1000 Paperless Recorders |
Affected:
R1.31 or earlier
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | μR10000 / μR20000 Chart Recorders |
Affected:
R1.51 or earlier
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | MW100 Data Acquisition Units |
Affected:
All versions
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | DX1000T / DX2000T Paperless Recorders |
Affected:
All versions
(custom)
|
|
| Yokogawa Electric Corporation | CX1000 / CX2000 Paperless Recorders |
Affected:
All versions
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-1863",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-04-18T11:39:17.017969Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-04-18T12:00:37.316Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "GX10 / GX20 / GP10 / GP20 Paperless Recorders",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "R5.04.01 or earlier",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "GM Data Acquisition System",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "R5.05.01 or earlier",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "DX1000 / DX2000 / DX1000N Paperless Recorders",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "R4.21 or earlier",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "FX1000 Paperless Recorders",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "R1.31 or earlier",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "\u03bcR10000 / \u03bcR20000 Chart Recorders",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "R1.51 or earlier",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "MW100 Data Acquisition Units",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "DX1000T / DX2000T Paperless Recorders",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "CX1000 / CX2000 Paperless Recorders",
"vendor": "Yokogawa Electric Corporation",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "All versions",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2025-04-17T18:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Insecure default settings have been found in recorder products provided by Yokogawa Electric Corporation. The default setting of the authentication function is disabled on the affected products. Therefore, when connected to a network with default settings, anyone can access all functions related to settings and operations. As a result, an attacker can illegally manipulate and configure important data such as measured values and settings.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects GX10 / GX20 / GP10 / GP20 Paperless Recorders: R5.04.01 or earlier; GM Data Acquisition System: R5.05.01 or earlier; DX1000 / DX2000 / DX1000N Paperless Recorders: R4.21 or earlier; FX1000 Paperless Recorders: R1.31 or earlier; \u03bcR10000 / \u03bcR20000 Chart Recorders: R1.51 or earlier; MW100 Data Acquisition Units: All versions; DX1000T / DX2000T Paperless Recorders: All versions; CX1000 / CX2000 Paperless Recorders: All versions.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Insecure default settings have been found in recorder products provided by Yokogawa Electric Corporation. The default setting of the authentication function is disabled on the affected products. Therefore, when connected to a network with default settings, anyone can access all functions related to settings and operations. As a result, an attacker can illegally manipulate and configure important data such as measured values and settings.\nThis issue affects GX10 / GX20 / GP10 / GP20 Paperless Recorders: R5.04.01 or earlier; GM Data Acquisition System: R5.05.01 or earlier; DX1000 / DX2000 / DX1000N Paperless Recorders: R4.21 or earlier; FX1000 Paperless Recorders: R1.31 or earlier; \u03bcR10000 / \u03bcR20000 Chart Recorders: R1.51 or earlier; MW100 Data Acquisition Units: All versions; DX1000T / DX2000T Paperless Recorders: All versions; CX1000 / CX2000 Paperless Recorders: All versions."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188 Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-04-18T05:55:26.303Z",
"orgId": "7168b535-132a-4efe-a076-338f829b2eb9",
"shortName": "YokogawaGroup"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://web-material3.yokogawa.com/1/36974/files/YSAR-25-0001-E.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Insecure default settings for recorder products",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "7168b535-132a-4efe-a076-338f829b2eb9",
"assignerShortName": "YokogawaGroup",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-1863",
"datePublished": "2025-04-18T05:55:26.303Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-03T05:46:48.396Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-04-18T12:00:37.316Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-1960 (GCVE-0-2025-1960)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-12 15:33 – Updated: 2025-03-13 18:32- CWE-1188 - Insecure Default Initialization of Resource
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schneider Electric | WebHMI – Deployed with EcoStruxure Power Automation System |
Affected:
WebHMI v4.1.0.0 and prior when deployed with EPAS User Interface 2.6.30.19 and prior
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-1960",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-03-12T15:56:56.322926Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-12T15:57:18.555Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WebHMI \u2013 Deployed with EcoStruxure Power Automation System",
"vendor": "Schneider Electric",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "WebHMI v4.1.0.0 and prior when deployed with EPAS User Interface 2.6.30.19 and prior"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "CWE-1188: Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default vulnerability exists that could cause an\nattacker to execute unauthorized commands when a system\u2019s default password credentials have not been\nchanged on first use. The default username is not displayed correctly in the WebHMI interface. \n\n\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "CWE-1188: Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default vulnerability exists that could cause an\nattacker to execute unauthorized commands when a system\u2019s default password credentials have not been\nchanged on first use. The default username is not displayed correctly in the WebHMI interface."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1188",
"description": "CWE-1188 Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-13T18:32:42.467Z",
"orgId": "076d1eb6-cfab-4401-b34d-6dfc2a413bdb",
"shortName": "schneider"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2025-070-03\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2025-070-03.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "076d1eb6-cfab-4401-b34d-6dfc2a413bdb",
"assignerShortName": "schneider",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-1960",
"datePublished": "2025-03-12T15:33:59.173Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-03-04T16:25:22.129Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-03-13T18:32:42.467Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.