Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Out-of-bounds Read

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

CVE-2026-21898 (GCVE-0-2026-21898)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 00:10 – Updated: 2026-01-12 20:22
VLAI
Title
CryptoLib Has Out-of-bounds Read in Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity
Summary
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, the Crypto_AOS_ProcessSecurity function reads memory without valid bounds checking when parsing AOS frame hashes. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nasa CryptoLib Affected: < 1.4.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-21899 (GCVE-0-2026-21899)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 00:11 – Updated: 2026-01-12 20:23
VLAI
Title
CryptoLib has an out-of-bounds read and crash vulnerability when decoding an empty Base64url string
Summary
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, in base64urlDecode, padding-stripping dereferences input[inputLen - 1] before checking that inputLen > 0 or that input != NULL. For inputLen == 0, this becomes an OOB read at input[-1], potentially crashing the process. If input == NULL and inputLen == 0, it dereferences NULL - 1. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nasa CryptoLib Affected: < 1.4.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-21900 (GCVE-0-2026-21900)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 00:14 – Updated: 2026-01-13 17:16
VLAI
Title
CryptoLib Has Out-of-Bounds Read in KMC Encrypt Metadata Parsing via Flawed strtok Pattern
Summary
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, an out-of-bounds heap read vulnerability in cryptography_encrypt() occurs when parsing JSON metadata from KMC server responses. The flawed strtok iteration pattern uses ptr + strlen(ptr) + 1 which reads one byte past allocated buffer boundaries when processing short or malformed metadata strings. This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nasa CryptoLib Affected: < 1.4.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-22023 (GCVE-0-2026-22023)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 00:17 – Updated: 2026-01-13 17:17
VLAI
Title
CryptoLib Has Out-of-Bounds Read in KMC AEAD Encrypt Metadata Parsing via Flawed strtok Pattern
Summary
CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. Prior to version 1.4.3, there is an out-of-bounds heap read vulnerability in cryptography_aead_encrypt(). This issue has been patched in version 1.4.3.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nasa CryptoLib Affected: < 1.4.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-22185 (GCVE-0-2026-22185)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-07 20:26 – Updated: 2026-05-25 23:41
VLAI
Title
OpenLDAP LMDB mdb_load Heap Buffer Underflow in readline()
Summary
OpenLDAP Lightning Memory-Mapped Database (LMDB) versions up to and including 0.9.14, prior to commit 8e1fda8, contain a heap buffer underflow in the readline() function of mdb_load. When processing malformed input containing an embedded NUL byte, an unsigned offset calculation can underflow and cause an out-of-bounds read of one byte before the allocated heap buffer. This can cause mdb_load to crash, leading to a limited denial-of-service condition.
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-191 - Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenLDAP Foundation OpenLDAP Affected: 0.9.14 , < 0.9.34 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Ron Edgerson
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-2240 (GCVE-0-2026-2240)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-09 15:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 10:00 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
janet-lang janet compile.c janetc_pop_funcdef out-of-bounds
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in janet-lang janet up to 1.40.1. The impacted element is the function janetc_pop_funcdef of the file src/core/compile.c. Such manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack must be carried out locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The name of the patch is 4dd08a4cdef5b1c42d9a2c19fc24412e97ef51d5. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
janet-lang janet Affected: 1.40.0
Affected: 1.40.1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Oneafter (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-2241 (GCVE-0-2026-2241)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-09 16:02 – Updated: 2026-02-23 10:00 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
janet-lang janet os.c os_strftime out-of-bounds
Summary
A vulnerability was found in janet-lang janet up to 1.40.1. This affects the function os_strftime of the file src/core/os.c. Performing a manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. The attack must be initiated from a local position. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is named 0f285855f0e34f9183956be5f16e045f54626bff. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
janet-lang janet Affected: 1.40.0
Affected: 1.40.1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Oneafter (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-2242 (GCVE-0-2026-2242)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-09 17:02 – Updated: 2026-02-23 10:00 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
janet-lang janet specials.c janetc_if out-of-bounds
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in janet-lang janet up to 1.40.1. This impacts the function janetc_if of the file src/core/specials.c. Executing a manipulation can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be launched locally. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This patch is called c43e06672cd9dacf2122c99f362120a17c34b391. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
janet-lang janet Affected: 1.40.0
Affected: 1.40.1
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Oneafter (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-2243 (GCVE-0-2026-2243)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 17:47 – Updated: 2026-03-02 17:29
VLAI
Title
Qemu-kvm: heap buffer out-of-bounds read in vmdk compressed grain parsing
Summary
A flaw was found in QEMU. A specially crafted VMDK image could trigger an out-of-bounds read vulnerability, potentially leading to a 12-byte leak of sensitive information or a denial of service condition (DoS).
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2243 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2440934 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-02-10 00:00
Credits
Red Hat would like to thank Halil Oktay (oblivionsage) for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-2245 (GCVE-0-2026-2245)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-09 19:02 – Updated: 2026-02-23 10:00 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
CCExtractor MPEG-TS File ts_tables.c parse_PMT out-of-bounds
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in CCExtractor up to 183. This affects the function parse_PAT/parse_PMT in the library src/lib_ccx/ts_tables.c of the component MPEG-TS File Parser. Such manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack can only be performed from a local environment. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The name of the patch is fd7271bae238ccb3ae8a71304ea64f0886324925. It is best practice to apply a patch to resolve this issue.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a CCExtractor Affected: 183
Credits
Oneafter (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-02-10T13:41:59.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "CCExtractor MPEG-TS File ts_tables.c parse_PMT out-of-bounds"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-2245",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-09T19:02:10.417Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-02-09T12:10:11.207Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-23T10:00:52.166Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation ID: MIT-5

Phase: Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Description:

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Description:

  • Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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