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CWE-1336
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
CVE-2026-40087 (GCVE-0-2026-40087)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 19:34 – Updated: 2026-04-14 14:48
VLAI
Title
LangChain has incomplete f-string validation in prompt templates
Summary
LangChain is a framework for building agents and LLM-powered applications. Prior to 0.3.84 and 1.2.28, LangChain's f-string prompt-template validation was incomplete in two respects. First, some prompt template classes accepted f-string templates and formatted them without enforcing the same attribute-access validation as PromptTemplate. In particular, DictPromptTemplate and ImagePromptTemplate could accept templates containing attribute access or indexing expressions and subsequently evaluate those expressions during formatting. Second, f-string validation based on parsed top-level field names did not reject nested replacement fields inside format specifiers. In this pattern, the nested replacement field appears in the format specifier rather than in the top-level field name. As a result, earlier validation based on parsed field names did not reject the template even though Python formatting would still attempt to resolve the nested expression at runtime. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.3.84 and 1.2.28.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/36612 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/36613 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| langchain-ai | langchain |
Affected:
< 0.3.83
Affected: >= 1.0.0a1, < 1.2.28 |
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CVE-2026-40320 (GCVE-0-2026-40320)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 17:25 – Updated: 2026-04-20 13:46
VLAI
Title
Giskard has an Unsandboxed Jinja2 Template Rendering in ConformityCheck
Summary
Giskard is an open-source testing framework for AI models. In versions prior to 1.0.2b1, the ConformityCheck class rendered the rule parameter through Jinja2's default Template() constructor, silently interpreting template expressions at runtime. If check definitions are loaded from an untrusted source, a crafted rule string could achieve arbitrary code execution. Exploitation requires write access to a check definition and subsequent execution of the test suite. This issue has been fixed in giskard-checks version 1.0.2b1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Giskard-AI/giskard-oss/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Giskard-AI/giskard-oss/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giskard-AI | giskard-oss |
Affected:
< 1.0.2b1
|
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CVE-2026-40477 (GCVE-0-2026-40477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 21:53 – Updated: 2026-04-22 03:55
VLAI
Title
Improper restriction of the scope of accessible objects in Thymeleaf expressions
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly restrict the scope of accessible objects, allowing specific potentially sensitive objects to be reached from within a template. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
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CVE-2026-40478 (GCVE-0-2026-40478)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 21:57 – Updated: 2026-04-22 03:55
VLAI
Title
Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| thymeleaf | thymeleaf |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
|
| thymeleaf | org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 |
Affected:
< 3.1.4.RELEASE
|
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CVE-2026-40602 (GCVE-0-2026-40602)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 17:40 – Updated: 2026-04-21 19:02
VLAI
Title
hass-cli: Handling of user-supplied Jinja2 templates
Summary
The Home Assistant Command-line interface (hass-cli) is a command-line tool for Home Assistant. Up to 1.0.0 of home-assitant-cli an unrestricted environment was used to handle Jninja2 templates instead of a sandboxed one. The user-supplied input within Jinja2 templates was rendered locally with no restrictions. This gave users access to Python's internals and extended the scope of templating beyond the intended usage. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.0.0.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/home-assistant-ecosystem/home-… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/home-assistant-ecosystem/home-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| home-assistant-ecosystem | home-assistant-cli |
Affected:
< 1.0.0
|
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CVE-2026-41065 (GCVE-0-2026-41065)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 14:17 – Updated: 2026-06-04 14:28
VLAI
Title
Tautulli Vulnerable to Unauthenticated/Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Newsletter Custom Template Directory
Summary
Tautulli is a Python based monitoring and tracking tool for Plex Media Server. Versions prior to 2.17.1 are vulnerable to remote code execution via the newsletter custom template directory feature. On a fresh install before the setup wizard is completed, all management endpoints are completely unauthenticated. An attacker can create a newsletter agent, point the custom template directory to an attacker-controlled SMB share serving a malicious Mako template, and trigger execution via the newsletter render endpoint, all with zero credentials and no local access to the target system. On a completed install with credentials configured, the same chain is exploitable by any admin. Version 2.17.1 fixes the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
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|---|---|
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CVE-2026-41318 (GCVE-0-2026-41318)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-24 02:57 – Updated: 2026-04-24 18:17
VLAI
Title
AnythingLLM vulnerable to stored DOM XSS in chart caption renderer - LLM-driven prompt injection produces executable HTML via unsanitized renderMarkdown(content.caption) in Chartable component
Summary
AnythingLLM is an application that turns pieces of content into context that any LLM can use as references during chatting. Prior to version 1.12.1, AnythingLLM's in-chat markdown renderer has an unsafe custom rule for images that interpolates the markdown image's `alt` text into an HTML `alt="..."` attribute without any HTML encoding. Every call-site in the app wraps `renderMarkdown(...)` with `DOMPurify.sanitize(...)` as defense-in-depth — except the `Chartable` component, which renders chart captions with no sanitization. The chart caption is the natural-language text the LLM emits around a `create-chart` tool call, so any attacker who can influence the LLM's output — most cheaply via indirect prompt injection in a shared workspace document, or directly if they can create a chart record in a multi-user workspace — can trigger stored DOM-level XSS in every other user's browser when they open that conversation. AnythingLLM chat history is loaded server-side via `GET /api/workspace/:slug/chats` and rendered directly into the chat UI. Version 1.12.1 contains a patch for this issue.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Mintplex-Labs/anything-llm/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Mintplex-Labs/anything-llm/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mintplex-Labs | anything-llm |
Affected:
< 1.12.1
|
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CVE-2026-41713 (GCVE-0-2026-41713)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 10:17 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:11
VLAI
Title
Prompt Injection via Memory Poisoning in PromptChatMemoryAdvisor
Summary
A malicious user could craft input that is stored in conversation memory and later interpreted by the model in an unintended way. Applications using the affected advisor with user-controlled input may be susceptible to manipulation of model behavior across conversation turns.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-41901 (GCVE-0-2026-41901)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 22:35 – Updated: 2026-05-13 12:08
VLAI
Title
Thymeleaf: Improper recognition of unauthorized syntax patterns in sandboxed Thymeleaf expressions
Summary
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Prior to 3.1.5.RELEASE, a security bypass vulnerability exists in the expression execution mechanisms of Thymeleaf. Although the library provides mechanisms to avoid the execution of potentially dangerous expressions in some specific sandboxed (restricted) contexts, it fails to properly neutralize specific constructs that allow this kind of expressions to be executed. If an application developer passes to the template engine unsanitized variables that contain such expressions, and these values are used in sandboxed contexts inside the templates, these expressions can be executed achieving Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.5.RELEASE.
Severity
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-42203 (GCVE-0-2026-42203)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 03:36 – Updated: 2026-05-09 03:55
VLAI
Title
LiteLLM: Server-Side Template Injection in /prompts/test endpoint
Summary
LiteLLM is a proxy server (AI Gateway) to call LLM APIs in OpenAI (or native) format. From version 1.80.5 to before version 1.83.7, the POST /prompts/test endpoint accepted user-supplied prompt templates and rendered them without sandboxing. A crafted template could run arbitrary code inside the LiteLLM Proxy process. The endpoint only checks that the caller presents a valid proxy API key, so any authenticated user could reach it. Depending on how the proxy is deployed, this could expose secrets in the process environment (such as provider API keys or database credentials) and allow commands to be run on the host. This issue has been patched in version 1.83.7.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/releases/tag/v… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.