CWE-434
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.
CVE-2025-34104 (GCVE-0-2025-34104)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 13:06 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:14| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://matomo.org/changelog/piwik-3-0-3/ | vendor-advisory |
| https://matomo.org/faq/plugins/faq_21/ | product |
| https://firefart.at/post/turning_piwik_superuser_… | third-party-advisory |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasplo… | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/piwik-authen… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Piwik (now Matomo) | Web Analytics Platform |
Affected:
0 , < 3.0.3
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34104",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-15T13:34:41.977912Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-15T13:34:51.759Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"CorePluginsAdmin::uploadPlugin",
"Marketplace::overview",
"pluginZip"
],
"product": "Web Analytics Platform",
"vendor": "Piwik (now Matomo)",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.0.3",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "FireFart"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "An authenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in Piwik (now Matomo) versions prior to 3.0.3 via the plugin upload mechanism. In vulnerable versions, an authenticated user with Superuser privileges can upload and activate a malicious plugin (ZIP archive), leading to arbitrary PHP code execution on the underlying system. Starting with version 3.0.3, plugin upload functionality is disabled by default unless explicitly enabled in the configuration file."
}
],
"value": "An authenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in Piwik (now Matomo) versions prior to 3.0.3 via the plugin upload mechanism. In vulnerable versions, an authenticated user with Superuser privileges can upload and activate a malicious plugin (ZIP archive), leading to arbitrary PHP code execution on the underlying system. Starting with version 3.0.3, plugin upload functionality is disabled by default unless explicitly enabled in the configuration file."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-148",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-148 Content Spoofing"
}
]
},
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-153",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-153 Input Data Manipulation"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.4,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-306",
"description": "CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:14:41.759Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://matomo.org/changelog/piwik-3-0-3/"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://matomo.org/faq/plugins/faq_21/"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://firefart.at/post/turning_piwik_superuser_creds_into_rce/"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/unix/webapp/piwik_superuser_plugin_upload.rb"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/piwik-authenticated-rce-via-custom-plugin-upload"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Piwik Authenticated RCE via Custom Plugin Upload",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34104",
"datePublished": "2025-07-15T13:06:51.072Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.556Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:14:41.759Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34111 (GCVE-0-2025-34111)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-15 13:09 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:14| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tiki.org/article434-Security-update-Tiki-… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40091 | exploit |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasplo… | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tiki-wiki-el… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tiki Software Community Association | Wiki CMS Groupware |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 15.1
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34111",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-15T13:30:10.367640Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-15T13:30:36.026Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"ELFinder 2.0 (third-party file manager)",
"/vendor_extra/elfinder/php/connector.minimal.php"
],
"product": "Wiki CMS Groupware",
"vendor": "Tiki Software Community Association",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "15.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:tiki:tikiwiki_cms\\/groupware:12.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndIncluding": "15.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Mehmet Ince"
}
],
"datePublic": "2016-07-11T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "An unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware version 15.1 and earlier via the ELFinder component\u0027s default connector (connector.minimal.php), which allows remote attackers to upload and execute malicious PHP scripts in the context of the web server. The vulnerable component does not enforce file type validation, allowing attackers to craft a POST request to upload executable PHP payloads through the ELFinder interface exposed at /vendor_extra/elfinder/."
}
],
"value": "An unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in Tiki Wiki CMS Groupware version 15.1 and earlier via the ELFinder component\u0027s default connector (connector.minimal.php), which allows remote attackers to upload and execute malicious PHP scripts in the context of the web server. The vulnerable component does not enforce file type validation, allowing attackers to craft a POST request to upload executable PHP payloads through the ELFinder interface exposed at /vendor_extra/elfinder/."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-248",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-248 Command Injection"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.3,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-306",
"description": "CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-20",
"description": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:14:44.082Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://tiki.org/article434-Security-update-Tiki-15-2-Tiki-14-4-and-Tiki-12-9-released"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40091"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/unix/webapp/tikiwiki_upload_exec.rb"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tiki-wiki-el-finder-unauthenticated-file-upload-rce"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Tiki Wiki \u003c= 15.1 ELFinder Unauthenticated File Upload RCE",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34111",
"datePublished": "2025-07-15T13:09:56.350Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.560Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:14:44.082Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34121 (GCVE-0-2025-34121)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-16 21:06 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:14| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasplo… | exploit |
| https://web.archive.org/web/20150210113937/http:/… | third-party-advisoryexploit |
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/38732 | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/idera-uptime… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Idera | Up.Time Monitoring Station |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 7.2
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34121",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-17T19:46:33.886274Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-17T19:57:50.878Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"wizards/post2file.php"
],
"product": "Up.Time Monitoring Station",
"vendor": "Idera",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Denis Andzakovic of Security-Assessment.com"
}
],
"datePublic": "2015-11-16T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "An unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in Idera Up.Time Monitoring Station versions up to and including 7.2. The `wizards/post2file.php` script accepts arbitrary POST parameters, allowing attackers to upload crafted PHP files to the webroot. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution as the web server user. NOTE: The bypass for this vulnerability is tracked as CVE-2015-9263."
}
],
"value": "An unauthenticated arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in Idera Up.Time Monitoring Station versions up to and including 7.2. The `wizards/post2file.php` script accepts arbitrary POST parameters, allowing attackers to upload crafted PHP files to the webroot. Successful exploitation results in remote code execution as the web server user. NOTE: The bypass for this vulnerability is tracked as CVE-2015-9263."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.3,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-306",
"description": "CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:14:48.027Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/uptime_file_upload_1.rb"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150210113937/http://www.security-assessment.com/files/documents/advisory/Up.Time%207.2%20-%20Arbitrary%20File%20Upload.pdf"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/38732"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/idera-uptime-arbitrary-file-upload-rce"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Idera Up.Time \u2264 7.2 post2file.php Arbitrary File Upload RCE",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34121",
"datePublished": "2025-07-16T21:06:44.747Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.561Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:14:48.027Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34163 (GCVE-0-2025-34163)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-27 21:24 – Updated: 2026-05-26 11:51 X_Known Exploited Vulnerability- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cn-sec.com/archives/4243708.html | technical-descriptionexploit |
| http://www.dongshengsoft.com/ | productpatch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dongsheng-lo… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qingdao Dongsheng Weiye Software Co., Ltd. | Dongsheng Logistics Software |
Affected:
0 , ≤ pre-July 2025 builds
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34163",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-08-28T13:52:17.817879Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-28T13:52:59.030Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"modules": [
"/CommMng/Print/UploadMailFile"
],
"product": "Dongsheng Logistics Software",
"vendor": "Qingdao Dongsheng Weiye Software Co., Ltd.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "pre-July 2025 builds",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Qian\u0027an Security"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Dongsheng Logistics Software exposes an unauthenticated endpoint at /CommMng/Print/UploadMailFile that fails to enforce proper file type validation and access control. An attacker can upload arbitrary files, including executable scripts such as .ashx, via a crafted multipart/form-data POST request. This allows remote code execution on the server, potentially leading to full system compromise.\u0026nbsp;The vulnerability is presumed to affect builds released prior to July 2025 and is remediated in newer versions of the product, though the exact affected range remains undefined.\u0026nbsp;Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on \u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e2025-07-23 UTC\u003c/span\u003e."
}
],
"value": "Dongsheng Logistics Software exposes an unauthenticated endpoint at /CommMng/Print/UploadMailFile that fails to enforce proper file type validation and access control. An attacker can upload arbitrary files, including executable scripts such as .ashx, via a crafted multipart/form-data POST request. This allows remote code execution on the server, potentially leading to full system compromise.\u00a0The vulnerability is presumed to affect builds released prior to July 2025 and is remediated in newer versions of the product, though the exact affected range remains undefined.\u00a0Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-07-23 UTC."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-242",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-242 Code Injection"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 10,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-26T11:51:51.378Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://cn-sec.com/archives/4243708.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"product",
"patch"
],
"url": "http://www.dongshengsoft.com/"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dongsheng-logisitics-software-unauth-arbitrary-file-upload"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"tags": [
"x_known-exploited-vulnerability"
],
"title": "Dongsheng Logistics Software Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34163",
"datePublished": "2025-08-27T21:24:43.998Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.566Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-26T11:51:51.378Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34195 (GCVE-0-2025-34195)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-19 18:38 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:15- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://help.printerlogic.com/saas/Print/Security… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-04-08-vasio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://help.printerlogic.com/va/Print/Security/S… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vasion-print… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vasion | Print Virtual Appliance Host |
Affected:
0 , < 1.0.735
(semver)
|
|
| Vasion | Print Application |
Affected:
0 , < 20.0.1330
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34195",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-09-19T20:01:25.364819Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-09-19T20:01:35.487Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"PrinterInstallerClient driver installation component"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "Print Virtual Appliance Host",
"vendor": "Vasion",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.0.735",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"PrinterInstallerClient driver installation component"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "Print Application",
"vendor": "Vasion",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "20.0.1330",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:vasion:virtual_appliance_host:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "1.0.735",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:vasion:virtual_appliance_application:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "20.0.1330",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pierre Barre"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eVasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 1.0.735 and Application prior to 20.0.1330 (Windows client deployments) contain a remote code execution vulnerability during driver installation caused by unquoted program paths. The PrinterInstallerClient driver-installation component launches programs using an unquoted path under \"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Printer Properties Pro\\Printer Installer\". Because the path is unquoted, the operating system may execute a program located at a short-path location such as C:\\Program.exe before the intended binaries in the quoted path. If an attacker can place or cause a program to exist at that location, it will be executed with the privileges of the installer process (which may be elevated), enabling arbitrary code execution and potential privilege escalation. This weakness can be used to achieve remote code execution and full compromise of affected Windows endpoints.\u0026nbsp;This vulnerability has been identified by the vendor as: V-2022-006 \u2014 Driver Upload Security.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 1.0.735 and Application prior to 20.0.1330 (Windows client deployments) contain a remote code execution vulnerability during driver installation caused by unquoted program paths. The PrinterInstallerClient driver-installation component launches programs using an unquoted path under \"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Printer Properties Pro\\Printer Installer\". Because the path is unquoted, the operating system may execute a program located at a short-path location such as C:\\Program.exe before the intended binaries in the quoted path. If an attacker can place or cause a program to exist at that location, it will be executed with the privileges of the installer process (which may be elevated), enabling arbitrary code execution and potential privilege escalation. This weakness can be used to achieve remote code execution and full compromise of affected Windows endpoints.\u00a0This vulnerability has been identified by the vendor as: V-2022-006 \u2014 Driver Upload Security."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-233",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-233 Privilege Escalation"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 8.6,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:15:14.999Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/saas/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-04-08-vasion-printerlogic-83-vulnerabilities.html#win-rce-01"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/va/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vasion-print-printerlogic-unquoted-path-during-driver-installation"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Unquoted Path During Driver Installation Leads to Execution of C:\\Program.exe",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34195",
"datePublished": "2025-09-19T18:38:11.712Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.570Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:15:14.999Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34222 (GCVE-0-2025-34222)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-29 20:41 – Updated: 2026-05-15 11:15| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-04-08-vasio… | technical-description |
| https://help.printerlogic.com/va/Print/Security/S… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://help.printerlogic.com/saas/Print/Security… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vasion-print… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vasion | Print Virtual Appliance Host |
Affected:
0 , < 22.0.1049
(semver)
|
|
| Vasion | Print Application |
Affected:
0 , < 20.0.2786
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34222",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-01T15:17:24.591877Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T15:17:39.102Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-04-08-vasion-printerlogic-83-vulnerabilities.html#va-insecure-apis-02"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"/admin/hp/cert_upload",
"/admin/hp/cert_delete",
"/admin/certs/ca",
"/admin/certs/serviceclients/{scid}"
],
"product": "Print Virtual Appliance Host",
"vendor": "Vasion",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "22.0.1049",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"/admin/hp/cert_upload",
"/admin/hp/cert_delete",
"/admin/certs/ca",
"/admin/certs/serviceclients/{scid}"
],
"product": "Print Application",
"vendor": "Vasion",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "20.0.2786",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:vasion:virtual_appliance_host:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "22.0.1049",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:vasion:virtual_appliance_application:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "20.0.2786",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pierre Barre"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host prior to version 22.0.1049\u0026nbsp;and Application prior to version 20.0.2786\u0026nbsp;(VA/SaaS deployments)\u003cspan style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;expose four admin routes \u2013 /admin/hp/cert_upload, /admin/hp/cert_delete, /admin/certs/ca, and /admin/certs/serviceclients/{scid} \u2013 without any authentication check.\u0026nbsp;The routes are defined in the /var/www/app/routes/web.php file inside the printercloud/pi Docker container and are handled by the HPCertificateController class, which performs no user validation. An unauthenticated attacker can therefore\u0026nbsp;upload a new TLS/SSL certificate replacing the trusted root used by the appliance, delete an existing certificate causing immediate loss of trust for services that rely on it, or download any stored CA or client certificate via the service\u2011clients endpoint which also suffers an IDOR that allows enumeration of all client IDs.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003eThis vulnerability has been identified by the vendor as: V-2024-028 \u2014 Unauthenticated Admin APIs Used to Modify SSL Certificates.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host prior to version 22.0.1049\u00a0and Application prior to version 20.0.2786\u00a0(VA/SaaS deployments)\u00a0expose four admin routes \u2013 /admin/hp/cert_upload, /admin/hp/cert_delete, /admin/certs/ca, and /admin/certs/serviceclients/{scid} \u2013 without any authentication check.\u00a0The routes are defined in the /var/www/app/routes/web.php file inside the printercloud/pi Docker container and are handled by the HPCertificateController class, which performs no user validation. An unauthenticated attacker can therefore\u00a0upload a new TLS/SSL certificate replacing the trusted root used by the appliance, delete an existing certificate causing immediate loss of trust for services that rely on it, or download any stored CA or client certificate via the service\u2011clients endpoint which also suffers an IDOR that allows enumeration of all client IDs.\u00a0This vulnerability has been identified by the vendor as: V-2024-028 \u2014 Unauthenticated Admin APIs Used to Modify SSL Certificates."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-1",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-1 Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 10,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-306",
"description": "CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:15:28.671Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-04-08-vasion-printerlogic-83-vulnerabilities.html#va-insecure-apis-02"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/va/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/saas/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vasion-print-printerlogic-unauth-admin-apis-used-to-modify-ssl-certs"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "INTERNAL"
},
"title": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Unauthenticated Admin APIs Used to Modify SSL Certificates",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34222",
"datePublished": "2025-09-29T20:41:52.953Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.574Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-15T11:15:28.671Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34299 (GCVE-0-2025-34299)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-07 13:51 – Updated: 2026-05-14 02:08- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.monstaftp.com/notes/ | release-notespatch |
| https://labs.watchtowr.com/whats-that-coming-over… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/monsta-ftp-u… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Monsta Limited of New Zealand | Monsta FTP |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.11
(custom)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34299",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-07T19:20:46.125403Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-07T19:20:52.087Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Monsta FTP",
"vendor": "Monsta Limited of New Zealand",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.11",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:monstaftp:monsta_ftp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndIncluding": "2.11",
"versionStartIncluding": "0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Sonny of watchTowr"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Monsta FTP versions 2.11 and earlier contain a vulnerability that allows unauthenticated arbitrary file uploads. This flaw enables attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a specially crafted file from a malicious (S)FTP server."
}
],
"value": "Monsta FTP versions 2.11 and earlier contain a vulnerability that allows unauthenticated arbitrary file uploads. This flaw enables attackers to execute arbitrary code by uploading a specially crafted file from a malicious (S)FTP server."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-1",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-1 Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.3,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T02:08:11.703Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"release-notes",
"patch"
],
"url": "https://www.monstaftp.com/notes/"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://labs.watchtowr.com/whats-that-coming-over-the-hill-monsta-ftp-remote-code-execution-cve-2025-34299/"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/monsta-ftp-unauthenticated-arbitrary-file-upload"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Monsta FTP \u003c= 2.11 Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Upload",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34299",
"datePublished": "2025-11-07T13:51:33.738Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.582Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-14T02:08:11.703Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34328 (GCVE-0-2025-34328)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 16:22 – Updated: 2025-11-20 15:21 Unsupported When Assigned- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.audiocodes.com/media/g1in2u2o/0548-pr… | vendor-advisorypatchmitigation |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-11-20-audio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/advisories/2025-audio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/audiocodes-f… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AudioCodes Limited | AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.6.23
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34328",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-19T19:47:00.698572Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-19T19:47:10.220Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance",
"vendor": "AudioCodes Limited",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.6.23",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:audiocodes:fax\\/ivr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "2.6.23",
"versionStartIncluding": "0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pierre Barre"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "AudioCodes Fax Server and Auto-Attendant IVR appliances versions up to and including 2.6.23 include a web administration component (F2MAdmin) that exposes an unauthenticated script-management endpoint at AudioCodes_files/utils/IVR/diagram/ajaxScript.php. The saveScript action writes attacker-supplied data directly to a server-side file path under the privileges of the web service account, which runs as NT AUTHORITY\\\\SYSTEM on Windows deployments. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can write arbitrary files into the product\u2019s web-accessible directory structure and subsequently execute them."
}
],
"value": "AudioCodes Fax Server and Auto-Attendant IVR appliances versions up to and including 2.6.23 include a web administration component (F2MAdmin) that exposes an unauthenticated script-management endpoint at AudioCodes_files/utils/IVR/diagram/ajaxScript.php. The saveScript action writes attacker-supplied data directly to a server-side file path under the privileges of the web service account, which runs as NT AUTHORITY\\\\SYSTEM on Windows deployments. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can write arbitrary files into the product\u2019s web-accessible directory structure and subsequently execute them."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.3,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T15:21:16.416Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch",
"mitigation"
],
"url": "https://www.audiocodes.com/media/g1in2u2o/0548-product-notice-end-of-service-for-audiocodes-auto-attendant-ivr-solution.pdf"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-11-20-audiocodes-fax-ivr-8-vulnerabilities.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/advisories/2025-audiocodes-fax-ivr.txt"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/audiocodes-fax-ivr-appliance-unauthenticated-file-upload-rce-via-ajaxscript"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"tags": [
"unsupported-when-assigned"
],
"title": "AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance \u003c= 2.6.23 Unauthenticated File Upload RCE via ajaxScript.php",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34328",
"datePublished": "2025-11-19T16:22:22.648Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.586Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T15:21:16.416Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34329 (GCVE-0-2025-34329)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 16:23 – Updated: 2025-11-20 15:21 Unsupported When Assigned- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.audiocodes.com/media/g1in2u2o/0548-pr… | vendor-advisorypatchmitigation |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-11-20-audio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/advisories/2025-audio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/audiocodes-f… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AudioCodes Limited | AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.6.23
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34329",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-19T16:48:43.621864Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-19T18:20:51.411Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance",
"vendor": "AudioCodes Limited",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.6.23",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:audiocodes:fax\\/ivr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "2.6.23",
"versionStartIncluding": "0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pierre Barre"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "AudioCodes Fax Server and Auto-Attendant IVR appliances versions up to and including 2.6.23 expose an unauthenticated backup upload endpoint at AudioCodes_files/ajaxBackupUploadFile.php in the F2MAdmin web interface. The script derives a backup folder path from application configuration, creates the directory if it does not exist, and then moves an uploaded file to that location using the attacker-controlled filename, without any authentication, authorization, or file-type validation. On default Windows deployments where the backup directory resolves to the system drive, a remote attacker can upload web server or interpreter configuration files that cause a log file or other server-controlled resource to be treated as executable code. This allows subsequent HTTP requests to trigger arbitrary command execution under the web server account, which runs as NT AUTHORITY\\\\SYSTEM."
}
],
"value": "AudioCodes Fax Server and Auto-Attendant IVR appliances versions up to and including 2.6.23 expose an unauthenticated backup upload endpoint at AudioCodes_files/ajaxBackupUploadFile.php in the F2MAdmin web interface. The script derives a backup folder path from application configuration, creates the directory if it does not exist, and then moves an uploaded file to that location using the attacker-controlled filename, without any authentication, authorization, or file-type validation. On default Windows deployments where the backup directory resolves to the system drive, a remote attacker can upload web server or interpreter configuration files that cause a log file or other server-controlled resource to be treated as executable code. This allows subsequent HTTP requests to trigger arbitrary command execution under the web server account, which runs as NT AUTHORITY\\\\SYSTEM."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 9.3,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T15:21:16.647Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch",
"mitigation"
],
"url": "https://www.audiocodes.com/media/g1in2u2o/0548-product-notice-end-of-service-for-audiocodes-auto-attendant-ivr-solution.pdf"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-11-20-audiocodes-fax-ivr-8-vulnerabilities.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/advisories/2025-audiocodes-fax-ivr.txt"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/audiocodes-fax-ivr-appliance-unauthenticated-backup-upload-rce-via-ajaxbackupuploadfile"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"tags": [
"unsupported-when-assigned"
],
"title": "AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance \u003c= 2.6.23 Unauthenticated Backup Upload RCE via ajaxBackupUploadFile.php",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34329",
"datePublished": "2025-11-19T16:23:09.072Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.586Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T15:21:16.647Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-34330 (GCVE-0-2025-34330)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-19 16:22 – Updated: 2025-11-20 15:21 Unsupported When Assigned- CWE-434 - Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.audiocodes.com/media/g1in2u2o/0548-pr… | vendor-advisorypatchmitigation |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-11-20-audio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://pierrekim.github.io/advisories/2025-audio… | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/audiocodes-f… | third-party-advisory |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AudioCodes Limited | AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.6.23
(semver)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-34330",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-19T16:40:12.233138Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-19T16:48:06.640Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"product": "AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance",
"vendor": "AudioCodes Limited",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "2.6.23",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:h:audiocodes:fax\\/ivr:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "2.6.23",
"versionStartIncluding": "0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Pierre Barre"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "AudioCodes Fax Server and Auto-Attendant IVR appliances versions up to and including 2.6.23\u0026nbsp;include a web administration component (F2MAdmin) that exposes an unauthenticated prompt upload endpoint at AudioCodes_files/utils/IVR/diagram/ajaxPromptUploadFile.php. The script accepts an uploaded file and writes it into the C:\\\\F2MAdmin\\\\tmp directory using a filename derived from application constants, without any authentication, authorization, or file-type validation. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can upload or overwrite prompt- or music-on-hold\u2013related files in this directory, potentially leading to tampering with IVR audio content or preparing files for use in further attacks."
}
],
"value": "AudioCodes Fax Server and Auto-Attendant IVR appliances versions up to and including 2.6.23\u00a0include a web administration component (F2MAdmin) that exposes an unauthenticated prompt upload endpoint at AudioCodes_files/utils/IVR/diagram/ajaxPromptUploadFile.php. The script accepts an uploaded file and writes it into the C:\\\\F2MAdmin\\\\tmp directory using a filename derived from application constants, without any authentication, authorization, or file-type validation. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can upload or overwrite prompt- or music-on-hold\u2013related files in this directory, potentially leading to tampering with IVR audio content or preparing files for use in further attacks."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 6.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-434",
"description": "CWE-434 Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T15:21:16.834Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"patch",
"mitigation"
],
"url": "https://www.audiocodes.com/media/g1in2u2o/0548-product-notice-end-of-service-for-audiocodes-auto-attendant-ivr-solution.pdf"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2025-11-20-audiocodes-fax-ivr-8-vulnerabilities.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"technical-description",
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/advisories/2025-audiocodes-fax-ivr.txt"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/audiocodes-fax-ivr-appliance-unauthenticated-prompt-file-upload-via-ajaxpromptuploadfile"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"tags": [
"unsupported-when-assigned"
],
"title": "AudioCodes Fax/IVR Appliance \u003c= 2.6.23 Unauthenticated Prompt File Upload via ajaxPromptUploadFile.php",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-34330",
"datePublished": "2025-11-19T16:22:02.448Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T19:15:22.586Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T15:21:16.834Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation ID: MIT-21
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.