CWE-470
Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
The product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code.
CVE-2025-2794 (GCVE-0-2025-2794)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-31 16:22 – Updated: 2025-11-19 12:09
VLAI
Title
Kentico Xperience <= 13.0.180 Unsafe Reflection
Summary
An unsafe reflection vulnerability in Kentico Xperience allows an unauthenticated attacker to kill the current process, leading to a Denial-of-Service condition.
This issue affects Xperience: through 13.0.180.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://devnet.kentico.com/download/hotfixes | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/kentico-xper… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-31119 (GCVE-0-2025-31119)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-03 19:11 – Updated: 2025-04-03 19:45
VLAI
Title
CWE-470 in generator-jhipster-entity-audit when having Javers selected as Entity Audit Framework
Summary
generator-jhipster-entity-audit is a JHipster module to enable entity audit and audit log page. Prior to 5.9.1, generator-jhipster-entity-audit allows unsafe reflection when having Javers selected as Entity Audit Framework. If an attacker manages to place some malicious classes into the classpath and also has access to these REST interface for calling the mentioned REST endpoints, using these lines of code can lead to unintended remote code execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.9.1.
Severity
7.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jhipster/generator-jhipster-en… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/jhipster/generator-jhipster-en… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jhipster | generator-jhipster-entity-audit |
Affected:
< 5.9.1
|
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CVE-2025-34393 (GCVE-0-2025-34393)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-10 15:45 – Updated: 2026-05-14 02:08
VLAI
Title
Barracuda RMM < 2025.1.1 Service Center Insecure Reflection RCE
Summary
Barracuda Service Center, as implemented in the RMM solution, in versions prior to 2025.1.1, does not correctly verify the name of an attacker-controlled WSDL service, leading to insecure reflection. This can result in remote code execution through either invocation of arbitrary methods or deserialization of untrusted types.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://download.mw-rmm.barracudamsp.com/PDF/2025… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://www.barracuda.com/products/msp/network-pr… | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/barracuda-rm… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Barracuda Networks | RMM |
Affected:
2025.1 , < 2025.1.1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-53693 (GCVE-0-2025-53693)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-03 12:36 – Updated: 2025-09-03 13:53
VLAI
Title
HTML Cache Poisoning through Unsafe Reflections
Summary
Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection') vulnerability in Sitecore Sitecore Experience Manager (XM), Sitecore Experience Platform (XP) allows Cache Poisoning.This issue affects Sitecore Experience Manager (XM): from 9.0 through 9.3, from 10.0 through 10.4; Experience Platform (XP): from 9.0 through 9.3, from 10.0 through 10.4.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sitecore | Sitecore Experience Manager (XM) |
Affected:
9.0 , ≤ 9.3
(semver)
Affected: 10.0 , ≤ 10.4 (semver) |
|
| Sitecore | Experience Platform (XP) |
Affected:
9.0 , ≤ 9.3
(semver)
Affected: 10.0 , ≤ 10.4 (semver) |
Date Public
2025-09-03 11:00
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CVE-2025-61925 (GCVE-0-2025-61925)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-10 19:34 – Updated: 2025-10-10 20:01
VLAI
Title
Astro's `X-Forwarded-Host` is reflected with no validation
Summary
Astro is a web framework. Prior to version 5.14.2, Astro reflects the value in `X-Forwarded-Host` in output when using `Astro.url` without any validation. It is common for web servers such as nginx to route requests via the `Host` header, and forward on other request headers. As such as malicious request can be sent with both a `Host` header and an `X-Forwarded-Host` header where the values do not match and the `X-Forwarded-Host` header is malicious. Astro will then return the malicious value. This could result in any usages of the `Astro.url` value in code being manipulated by a request. For example if a user follows guidance and uses `Astro.url` for a canonical link the canonical link can be manipulated to another site. It is theoretically possible that the value could also be used as a login/registration or other form URL as well, resulting in potential redirecting of login credentials to a malicious party. As this is a per-request attack vector the surface area would only be to the malicious user until one considers that having a caching proxy is a common setup, in which case any page which is cached could persist the malicious value for subsequent users. Many other frameworks have an allowlist of domains to validate against, or do not have a case where the headers are reflected to avoid such issues. This could affect anyone using Astro in an on-demand/dynamic rendering mode behind a caching proxy. Version 5.14.2 contains a fix for the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/withastro/astro/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Chisnet/minimal_dynamic_astro_server | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-68455 (GCVE-0-2025-68455)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-05 21:59 – Updated: 2026-01-06 19:04
VLAI
Title
Craft CMS vulnerable to potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via malicious attached Behavior
Summary
Craft is a platform for creating digital experiences. Versions 5.0.0-RC1 through 5.8.20 and 4.0.0-RC1 through 4.16.16 are vulnerable to potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via malicious attached Behavior. Note that attackers must have administrator access to the Craft Control Panel for this to work. Users should update to the patched versions (5.8.21 and 4.16.17) to mitigate the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/27f5588609… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/6e608a1a5b… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/ec43c497ed… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/blob/5.x/CHANGELO… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-23923 (GCVE-0-2026-23923)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-24 18:29 – Updated: 2026-03-25 19:25
VLAI
Title
Unauthenticated arbitrary PHP class instantiation
Summary
An unauthenticated attacker can exploit the Frontend 'validate' action to blindly instantiate arbitrary PHP classes. The impact depends on environment setup but appears limited at this time.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Credits
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CVE-2026-25498 (GCVE-0-2026-25498)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-09 19:55 – Updated: 2026-02-10 15:59
VLAI
Title
Craft has a potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via malicious attached Behavior
Summary
Craft is a platform for creating digital experiences. In versions 4.0.0-RC1 through 4.16.17 and 5.0.0-RC1 through 5.8.21, a Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in Craft CMS where the assembleLayoutFromPost() function in src/services/Fields.php fails to sanitize user-supplied configuration data before passing it to Craft::createObject(). This allows authenticated administrators to inject malicious Yii2 behavior configurations that execute arbitrary system commands on the server. This vulnerability represents an unpatched variant of the behavior injection vulnerability addressed in CVE-2025-68455, affecting different endpoints through a separate code path. This vulnerability is fixed in 5.8.22.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/395c64f0b8… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/releases/tag/5.8.22 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-32263 (GCVE-0-2026-32263)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-16 18:57 – Updated: 2026-03-17 15:21
VLAI
Title
Craft CMS vulnerable to behavior injection RCE via EntryTypesController
Summary
Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). From version 5.6.0 to before version 5.9.11, in src/controllers/EntryTypesController.php, the $settings array from parse_str is passed directly to Craft::configure() without Component::cleanseConfig(). This allows injecting Yii2 behavior/event handlers via "as" or "on" prefixed keys, the same attack vector as the original advisory. Craft control panel administrator permissions and allowAdminChanges must be enabled for this to work. This issue has been patched in version 5.9.11.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/d37389dbff… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-32264 (GCVE-0-2026-32264)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-16 19:02 – Updated: 2026-03-17 15:20
VLAI
Title
Craft CMS vulnerable to behavior injection RCE ElementIndexesController and FieldsController
Summary
Craft CMS is a content management system (CMS). From version 4.0.0-RC1 to before version 4.17.5 and from version 5.0.0-RC1 to before version 5.9.11, there is a Behavior injection RCE vulnerability in ElementIndexesController and FieldsController. Craft control panel administrator permissions and allowAdminChanges must be enabled for this to work. This issue has been patched in versions 4.17.5 and 5.9.11.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/78d181e12e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/dfec46362f… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Refactor your code to avoid using reflection.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Do not use user-controlled inputs to select and load classes or code.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Apply strict input validation by using allowlists or indirect selection to ensure that the user is only selecting allowable classes or code.
CAPEC-138: Reflection Injection
An adversary supplies a value to the target application which is then used by reflection methods to identify a class, method, or field. For example, in the Java programming language the reflection libraries permit an application to inspect, load, and invoke classes and their components by name. If an adversary can control the input into these methods including the name of the class/method/field or the parameters passed to methods, they can cause the targeted application to invoke incorrect methods, read random fields, or even to load and utilize malicious classes that the adversary created. This can lead to the application revealing sensitive information, returning incorrect results, or even having the adversary take control of the targeted application.