CWE-602
Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.
CVE-2025-43699 (GCVE-0-2025-43699)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-10 11:44 – Updated: 2025-06-18 13:31
VLAI
Summary
Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security vulnerability in Salesforce OmniStudio (FlexCards) allows bypass of required permission check.
This impacts OmniStudio: before Spring 2025
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salesforce | OmniStudio |
Affected:
0 , < Spring 2025
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-4527 (GCVE-0-2025-4527)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-11 02:00 – Updated: 2026-05-27 14:33
VLAI
Title
Dígitro NGC Explorer Password Transmission client-side enforcement of server-side security
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Dígitro NGC Explorer up to 3.44.15/3.48.21. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Password Transmission Handler. Performing a manipulation results in client-side enforcement of server-side security. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. Upgrading to version 3.48.22 is sufficient to resolve this issue. Upgrading the affected component is recommended. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/308272 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/308272/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/565308 | third-party-advisory |
| https://digitro.com/recomendacao-10-2026-ctir-gov/ | patch |
| https://www.gov.br/ctir/pt-br/assuntos/alertas-e-… | related |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dígitro | NGC Explorer |
Affected:
3.44.0
Affected: 3.44.1 Affected: 3.44.2 Affected: 3.44.3 Affected: 3.44.4 Affected: 3.44.5 Affected: 3.44.6 Affected: 3.44.7 Affected: 3.44.8 Affected: 3.44.9 Affected: 3.44.10 Affected: 3.44.11 Affected: 3.44.12 Affected: 3.44.13 Affected: 3.44.14 Affected: 3.44.15 Affected: 3.48.0 Affected: 3.48.1 Affected: 3.48.2 Affected: 3.48.3 Affected: 3.48.4 Affected: 3.48.5 Affected: 3.48.6 Affected: 3.48.7 Affected: 3.48.8 Affected: 3.48.9 Affected: 3.48.10 Affected: 3.48.11 Affected: 3.48.12 Affected: 3.48.13 Affected: 3.48.14 Affected: 3.48.15 Affected: 3.48.16 Affected: 3.48.17 Affected: 3.48.18 Affected: 3.48.19 Affected: 3.48.20 Affected: 3.48.21 Unaffected: 3.48.22 cpe:2.3:a:d_gitro:ngc_explorer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-46591 (GCVE-0-2025-46591)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-06 07:19 – Updated: 2025-09-18 13:38
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds data read vulnerability in the authorization module
Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect service confidentiality.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-47697 (GCVE-0-2025-47697)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-30 06:36 – Updated: 2025-05-30 12:18
VLAI
Summary
Client-side enforcement of server-side security issue exists in wivia 5 all versions. If exploited, an unauthenticated attacker may bypass authentication and operate the affected device as the moderator user.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-side enforcement of server-side security
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| UCHIDA YOKO CO., LTD. | wivia 5 |
Affected:
all versions
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CVE-2025-53969 (GCVE-0-2025-53969)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-18 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-19 13:10
VLAI
Title
Cognex In-Sight Explorer and In-Sight Camera Firmware Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Summary
Cognex In-Sight Explorer and In-Sight Camera Firmware expose
a service implementing a proprietary protocol on TCP port 1069 to allow
the client-side software, such as the In-Sight Explorer tool, to perform
management operations such as changing network settings or modifying
users' access to the device.
Severity
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cognex | In-Sight 2000 series |
Affected:
5.x , ≤ 6.5.1
(custom)
|
|
| Cognex | In-Sight 7000 series |
Affected:
5.x , ≤ 6.5.1
(custom)
|
|
| Cognex | In-Sight 8000 series |
Affected:
5.x , ≤ 6.5.1
(custom)
|
|
| Cognex | In-Sight 9000 series |
Affected:
5.x , ≤ 6.5.1
(custom)
|
|
| Cognex | In-Sight Explorer |
Affected:
5.x , ≤ 6.5.1
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-5450 (GCVE-0-2025-5450)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 15:00 – Updated: 2025-07-08 20:42
VLAI
Summary
Improper access control in the certificate management component of Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.8 and Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.5 allows a remote authenticated admin with read-only rights to modify settings that should be restricted.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ivanti | Connect Secure |
Unaffected:
22.7R2.8
(custom)
|
|
| Ivanti | Policy Secure |
Unaffected:
22.7R1.5
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-54833 (GCVE-0-2025-54833)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-31 17:26 – Updated: 2025-08-07 18:49
VLAI
Title
OPEXUS FOIAXpress Public Access Link (PAL) account-lockout and CAPTCHA protection bypass
Summary
OPEXUS FOIAXpress Public Access Link (PAL) version v11.1.0 allows attackers to bypass account-lockout and CAPTCHA protections. Unauthenticated remote attackers can more easily brute force passwords.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OPEXUS | FOIAXpress Public Access Link (PAL) |
Affected:
11.1.0 , < 11.12.3.0
(custom)
Unaffected: 11.12.3.0 |
Date Public
2025-06-30 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2025-6025 (GCVE-0-2025-6025)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-15 02:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:11
VLAI
Title
Order Tip for WooCommerce <= 1.5.4 - Unauthenticated Tip Manipulation to Negative Value Leading to Unauthorized Discounts
Summary
The Order Tip for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Improper Input Validation in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.4. This is due to lack of server-side validation on the `data-tip` attribute, which makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to apply an excessive or even negative tip amount, resulting in unauthorized discount up to free orders depending on the value submitted.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| railmedia | Order Tip for WooCommerce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.5.4
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-6249 (GCVE-0-2025-6249)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-17 19:20 – Updated: 2025-07-17 20:06
VLAI
Summary
An authentication bypass vulnerability was reported in FileZ client application that could allow a local attacker with elevated permissions access to application data.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lenovo | FileZ Client |
Affected:
0 , < 11.1.0.14
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-66507 (GCVE-0-2025-66507)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-09 01:25 – Updated: 2025-12-09 16:03
VLAI
Title
1Panel – CAPTCHA Bypass via Client-Controlled Flag
Summary
1Panel is an open-source, web-based control panel for Linux server management. Versions 2.0.13 and below allow an unauthenticated attacker to disable CAPTCHA verification by abusing a client-controlled parameter. Because the server previously trusted this value without proper validation, CAPTCHA protections can be bypassed, enabling automated login attempts and significantly increasing the risk of account takeover (ATO). This issue is fixed in version 2.0.14.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/commit/ac43f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Panel-dev | 1Panel |
Affected:
< 2.0.14
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If some degree of trust is required between the two entities, then use integrity checking and strong authentication to ensure that the inputs are coming from a trusted source. Design the product so that this trust is managed in a centralized fashion, especially if there are complex or numerous communication channels, in order to reduce the risks that the implementer will mistakenly omit a check in a single code path.
CAPEC-162: Manipulating Hidden Fields
An adversary exploits a weakness in the server's trust of client-side processing by modifying data on the client-side, such as price information, and then submitting this data to the server, which processes the modified data. For example, eShoplifting is a data manipulation attack against an on-line merchant during a purchasing transaction. The manipulation of price, discount or quantity fields in the transaction message allows the adversary to acquire items at a lower cost than the merchant intended. The adversary performs a normal purchasing transaction but edits hidden fields within the HTML form response that store price or other information to give themselves a better deal. The merchant then uses the modified pricing information in calculating the cost of the selected items.
CAPEC-202: Create Malicious Client
An adversary creates a client application to interface with a target service where the client violates assumptions the service makes about clients. Services that have designated client applications (as opposed to services that use general client applications, such as IMAP or POP mail servers which can interact with any IMAP or POP client) may assume that the client will follow specific procedures.
CAPEC-207: Removing Important Client Functionality
An adversary removes or disables functionality on the client that the server assumes to be present and trustworthy.
CAPEC-208: Removing/short-circuiting 'Purse' logic: removing/mutating 'cash' decrements
An attacker removes or modifies the logic on a client associated with monetary calculations resulting in incorrect information being sent to the server. A server may rely on a client to correctly compute monetary information. For example, a server might supply a price for an item and then rely on the client to correctly compute the total cost of a purchase given the number of items the user is buying. If the attacker can remove or modify the logic that controls these calculations, they can return incorrect values to the server. The attacker can use this to make purchases for a fraction of the legitimate cost or otherwise avoid correct billing for activities.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring
An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.