CWE-693
Protection Mechanism Failure
The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
CVE-2023-45132 (GCVE-0-2023-45132)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-11 20:21 – Updated: 2024-09-17 13:57
VLAI
Title
IgnoreIP/IgnoreCIDR should not trust X-Forwarded-For
Summary
NAXSI is an open-source maintenance web application firewall (WAF) for NGINX. An issue present starting in version 1.3 and prior to version 1.6 allows someone to bypass the WAF when a malicious `X-Forwarded-For` IP matches `IgnoreIP` `IgnoreCIDR` rules. This old code was arranged to allow older NGINX versions to also support `IgnoreIP` `IgnoreCIDR` when multiple reverse proxies were present. The issue is patched in version 1.6. As a workaround, do not set any `IgnoreIP` `IgnoreCIDR` for older versions.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wargio/naxsi/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/wargio/naxsi/pull/103 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/wargio/naxsi/commit/1b712526ed… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2023-5557 (GCVE-0-2023-5557)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-13 01:41 – Updated: 2025-11-20 07:07
VLAI
Title
Tracker-miners: sandbox escape
Summary
A flaw was found in the tracker-miners package. A weakness in the sandbox allows a maliciously-crafted file to execute code outside the sandbox if the tracker-extract process has first been compromised by a separate vulnerability.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7712 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7713 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7730 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7731 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7732 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7733 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7739 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7744 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-5557 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2243096 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
13 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_9.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.2::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.2::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.2::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.2::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.2::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.2::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.2::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::appstream cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:8.6::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.1.5-2.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:8.8::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:3.1.2-4.el9_3 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:3.1.2-2.el9_0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.0::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:3.1.2-4.el9_2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.2::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
Date Public
2023-09-26 00:00
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CVE-2023-5875 (GCVE-0-2023-5875)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-02 08:27 – Updated: 2024-09-05 18:12
VLAI
Title
Lack of Hardening against media exploitation from a remote origin
Summary
Mattermost Desktop fails to correctly handle permissions or prompt the user for consent on certain sensitive ones allowing media exploitation from a malicious mattermost server
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mattermost | Mattermost Desktop |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.5.0
(semver)
Unaffected: 5.5.1 |
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CVE-2024-0101 (GCVE-0-2024-0101)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-08 17:11 – Updated: 2024-08-08 18:12
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA Mellanox OS, ONYX, Skyway, MetroX-2 and MetroX-3 XC contain a vulnerability in ipfilter, where improper ipfilter definitions could enable an attacker to cause a failure by attacking the switch. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to denial of service.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVIDIA | Mellanox OS |
Affected:
All versions prior to and including 3.11.1000
|
|
| NVIDIA | ONYX |
Affected:
All versions prior to and including 3.10.4300
|
|
| NVIDIA | Skyway |
Affected:
All versions prior to and including 8.2.1000
|
|
| NVIDIA | Skyway |
Affected:
All versions prior to and including 8.1.4300
|
|
| NVIDIA | MetroX-3 XC |
Affected:
All versions prior to and including 18.2.1000
|
|
| NVIDIA | MetroX-2 |
Affected:
All versions prior to and including 3.11.1000
|
|
| nvidia | mellanox_os_firmware |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.11.1000
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:nvidia:mellanox_os_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| nvidia | onyx_firmware |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.10.4300
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:nvidia:onyx_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| nvidia | skyway_firmware |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 8.2.1000
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.1.4300 (custom) cpe:2.3:o:nvidia:skyway_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| nvidia | metro-3_xc_firmware |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 18.2.1000
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:nvidia:metro-3_xc_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| nvidia | metrox-2_firmware |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.11.1000
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:nvidia:metrox-2_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-0680 (GCVE-0-2024-0680)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-28 08:33 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:49
VLAI
Title
WP Private Content Plus <= 3.6 - Protection Mechanism Bypass
Summary
The WP Private Content Plus plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to information disclosure in all versions up to, and including, 3.6. This is due to the plugin not properly restricting access to posts via the REST API when a page has been made private. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to view protected posts.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nimeshrmr | WP Private Content Plus |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.6
(semver)
|
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CVE-2024-0681 (GCVE-0-2024-0681)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-13 15:27 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:12
VLAI
Title
Page Restriction WordPress (WP) – Protect WP Pages/Post <= 1.3.4 - Protection Mechanism Bypass
Summary
The Page Restriction WordPress (WP) – Protect WP Pages/Post plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to information disclosure in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.4. This is due to the plugin not properly restricting access to pages via the REST API when a page has been made private. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to view protected pages. The vendor has decided that they will not implement REST API protection on posts and pages and the restrictions will only apply to the front-end of the site. The vendors solution was to add notices throughout the dashboard and recommends installing the WordPress REST API Authentication plugin for REST API coverage.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| cyberlord92 | Page and Post Restriction |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.3.4
(semver)
|
|
| miniorange | page_restriction |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.3.4
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:miniorange:page_restriction:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-0682 (GCVE-0-2024-0682)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-28 08:33 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:57
VLAI
Title
Page Restrict <= 2.5.5 - Protection Mechanism Bypass
Summary
The Page Restrict plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to information disclosure in all versions up to, and including, 2.5.5. This is due to the plugin not properly restricting access to posts via the REST API when a page has been made private. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to view protected posts.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sivel | Page Restrict |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.5.5
(semver)
|
|
| theandystratton | page_restrict |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.5.5
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:theandystratton:page_restrict:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2024-11197 (GCVE-0-2024-11197)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-21 02:06 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:57
VLAI
Title
Lock User Account <= 1.0.5 - User Lock Bypass
Summary
The Lock User Account plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to user lock bypass in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.5. This is due to permitting application password logins when user accounts are locked. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with existing application passwords, to interact with the vulnerable site via an API such as XML-RPC or REST despite their account being locked.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| babatechs | Lock User Account |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.0.5
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2024-11734 (GCVE-0-2024-11734)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-14 08:35 – Updated: 2025-11-20 18:22
VLAI
Title
Org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-server: denial of service in keycloak server via security headers
Summary
A denial of service vulnerability was found in Keycloak that could allow an administrative user with the right to change realm settings to disrupt the service. This action is done by modifying any of the security headers and inserting newlines, which causes the Keycloak server to write to a request that has already been terminated, leading to the failure of said request.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:0299 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:0300 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-11734 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2328846 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , < 26.0.8
(semver)
|
|||
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0 |
Unaffected:
26.0.8-1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0 |
Unaffected:
26.0-7 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Keycloak 26.0 |
Unaffected:
26.0-8 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.0::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | RHBK 26.0.8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:build_keycloak:26.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
Date Public
2025-01-13 12:22
Credits
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"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:0299"
},
{
"name": "RHSA-2025:0300",
"tags": [
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},
{
"tags": [
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"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-11734"
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"lang": "en",
"time": "2024-11-26T03:54:23.151Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
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"time": "2025-01-13T12:22:00.000Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "Org.keycloak:keycloak-quarkus-server: denial of service in keycloak server via security headers",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability."
}
],
"x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
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"assignerShortName": "redhat",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-11734",
"datePublished": "2025-01-14T08:35:42.107Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-11-26T03:57:37.921Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-20T18:22:05.817Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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CVE-2024-13794 (GCVE-0-2024-13794)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-12 07:35 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:11
VLAI
Title
Hide My WP Ghost – Security & Firewall <= 5.3.02 - Unauthenticated Login Page Disclosure
Summary
The WP Ghost (Hide My WP Ghost) – Security & Firewall plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Login Page Dislcosure in all versions up to, and including, 5.3.02. This is due to the plugin not properly restricting the /wp-register.php path. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to discover the hidden login page location.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| johndarrel | WP Ghost (Hide My WP Ghost) – Security & Firewall |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.3.02
(semver)
|
Credits
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"timestamp": "2025-02-12T14:52:58.841830Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
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"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
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"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/9effa526-7454-4490-9bf4-0605254d6625?source=cve"
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{
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3235271%40hide-my-wp\u0026new=3235271%40hide-my-wp\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
CAPEC-107: Cross Site Tracing
Cross Site Tracing (XST) enables an adversary to steal the victim's session cookie and possibly other authentication credentials transmitted in the header of the HTTP request when the victim's browser communicates to a destination system's web server.
CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing
An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.
CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.
CAPEC-20: Encryption Brute Forcing
An attacker, armed with the cipher text and the encryption algorithm used, performs an exhaustive (brute force) search on the key space to determine the key that decrypts the cipher text to obtain the plaintext.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-237: Escaping a Sandbox by Calling Code in Another Language
The attacker may submit malicious code of another language to obtain access to privileges that were not intentionally exposed by the sandbox, thus escaping the sandbox. For instance, Java code cannot perform unsafe operations, such as modifying arbitrary memory locations, due to restrictions placed on it by the Byte code Verifier and the JVM. If allowed, Java code can call directly into native C code, which may perform unsafe operations, such as call system calls and modify arbitrary memory locations on their behalf. To provide isolation, Java does not grant untrusted code with unmediated access to native C code. Instead, the sandboxed code is typically allowed to call some subset of the pre-existing native code that is part of standard libraries.
CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality
An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.
CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content
An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.
CAPEC-480: Escaping Virtualization
An adversary gains access to an application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by escaping the confines of a virtualized environment. The adversary is then able to access resources or execute unauthorized code within the host environment, generally with the privileges of the user running the virtualized process. Successfully executing an attack of this type is often the first step in executing more complex attacks.
CAPEC-51: Poison Web Service Registry
SOA and Web Services often use a registry to perform look up, get schema information, and metadata about services. A poisoned registry can redirect (think phishing for servers) the service requester to a malicious service provider, provide incorrect information in schema or metadata, and delete information about service provider interfaces.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code
An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.
CAPEC-668: Key Negotiation of Bluetooth Attack (KNOB)
An adversary can exploit a flaw in Bluetooth key negotiation allowing them to decrypt information sent between two devices communicating via Bluetooth. The adversary uses an Adversary in the Middle setup to modify packets sent between the two devices during the authentication process, specifically the entropy bits. Knowledge of the number of entropy bits will allow the attacker to easily decrypt information passing over the line of communication.
CAPEC-74: Manipulating State
['The adversary modifies state information maintained by the target software or causes a state transition in hardware. If successful, the target will use this tainted state and execute in an unintended manner.', 'State management is an important function within a software application. User state maintained by the application can include usernames, payment information, browsing history as well as application-specific contents such as items in a shopping cart. Manipulating user state can be employed by an adversary to elevate privilege, conduct fraudulent transactions or otherwise modify the flow of the application to derive certain benefits.', 'If there is a hardware logic error in a finite state machine, the adversary can use this to put the system in an undefined state which could cause a denial of service or exposure of secure data.']
CAPEC-87: Forceful Browsing
An attacker employs forceful browsing (direct URL entry) to access portions of a website that are otherwise unreachable. Usually, a front controller or similar design pattern is employed to protect access to portions of a web application. Forceful browsing enables an attacker to access information, perform privileged operations and otherwise reach sections of the web application that have been improperly protected.