CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2020-2509 (GCVE-0-2020-2509)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-17 03:50 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:25
VLAI
Title
Command Injection Vulnerability in QTS and QuTS hero
Summary
A command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QTS and QuTS hero. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands in a compromised application. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 4.5.2.1566 Build 20210202 and later QTS 4.5.1.1495 Build 20201123 and later QTS 4.3.6.1620 Build 20210322 and later QTS 4.3.4.1632 Build 20210324 and later QTS 4.3.3.1624 Build 20210416 and later QTS 4.2.6 Build 20210327 and later QuTS hero h4.5.1.1491 build 20201119 and later
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-21-05 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
unspecified , < 4.5.2.1566 Build 20210202
(custom)
Affected: unspecified , < 4.5.1.1495 Build 20201123 (custom) Affected: unspecified , < 4.3.6.1620 Build 20210322 (custom) Affected: unspecified , < 4.3.4.1632 Build 20210324 (custom) Affected: unspecified , < 4.3.3.1624 Build 20210416 (custom) Affected: unspecified , < 4.2.6 Build 20210327 (custom) |
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
unspecified , < h4.5.1.1491 build 20201119
(custom)
|
Date Public
2021-04-16 00:00
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CVE-2020-25847 (GCVE-0-2020-25847)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-12-29 07:10 – Updated: 2024-09-16 16:28
VLAI
Title
Command Injection Vulnerability in QTS and QuTS hero
Summary
This command injection vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands in a compromised application. QNAP have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QTS and QuTS hero.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-20-20 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
unspecified , < 4.5.1.1495
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
unspecified , ≤ 4.4.3.1444
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Unaffected:
4.3.x
Unaffected: 4.2.x |
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
unspecified , < h4.5.1.1491
(custom)
|
Date Public
2020-12-30 00:00
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CVE-2020-26273 (GCVE-0-2020-26273)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-12-16 01:20 – Updated: 2024-08-04 15:56
VLAI
Title
sqlite ATTACH allows some filesystem access
Summary
osquery is a SQL powered operating system instrumentation, monitoring, and analytics framework. In osquery before version 4.6.0, by using sqlite's ATTACH verb, someone with administrative access to osquery can cause reads and writes to arbitrary sqlite databases on disk. This _does_ allow arbitrary files to be created, but they will be sqlite databases. It does not appear to allow existing non-sqlite files to be overwritten. This has been patched in osquery 4.6.0. There are several mitigating factors and possible workarounds. In some deployments, the people with access to these interfaces may be considered administrators. In some deployments, configuration is managed by a central tool. This tool can filter for the `ATTACH` keyword. osquery can be run as non-root user. Because this also limits the desired access levels, this requires deployment specific testing and configuration.
Severity
5.2 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/osquery/osquery/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThin… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/osquery/osquery/commit/c3f9a3d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/osquery/osquery/releases/tag/4.6.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2020-26300 (GCVE-0-2020-26300)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-09 01:10 – Updated: 2024-08-04 15:56
VLAI
Title
Command injection in systeminformation
Summary
systeminformation is an npm package that provides system and OS information library for node.js. In systeminformation before version 4.26.2 there is a command injection vulnerability. Problem was fixed in version 4.26.2 with a shell string sanitation fix.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.npmjs.com/package/systeminformation | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-fj59-f6c3-3vw4 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformati… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformati… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sebhildebrandt | systeminformation |
Affected:
< 4.26.2
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CVE-2020-27227 (GCVE-0-2020-27227)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-13 14:12 – Updated: 2024-08-04 16:11
VLAI
Summary
An exploitable unatuhenticated command injection exists in the OpenClinic GA 5.173.3. Specially crafted web requests can cause commands to be executed on the server. An attacker can send a web request with parameters containing specific parameter to trigger this vulnerability, potentially allowing exfiltration of the database, user credentials and compromise underlying operating system.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | OpenClinic |
Affected:
OpenClinic GA 5.173.3
|
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CVE-2020-27862 (GCVE-0-2020-27862)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-02-11 23:35 – Updated: 2024-08-04 16:25
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DVA-2800 and DSL-2888A routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the dhttpd service, which listens on TCP port 8008 by default. When parsing the path parameter, the process does not properly validate a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the web server. Was ZDI-CAN-10911.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announce… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| D-Link | Multiple Routers |
Affected:
firmware version 2.3
|
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CVE-2020-27864 (GCVE-0-2020-27864)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-02-11 23:35 – Updated: 2024-08-04 16:25
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1860 firmware version 1.04B03 WiFi extenders. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the HNAP service, which listens on TCP port 80 by default. When parsing the Authorization request header, the process does not properly validate a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-10880.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announce… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2020-27867 (GCVE-0-2020-27867)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-02-11 23:35 – Updated: 2024-08-04 16:25
VLAI
Summary
This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR R6020, R6080, R6120, R6220, R6260, R6700v2, R6800, R6900v2, R7450, JNR3210, WNR2020, Nighthawk AC2100, and Nighthawk AC2400 routers. Although authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability, the existing authentication mechanism can be bypassed. The specific flaw exists within the mini_httpd service, which listens on TCP port 80 by default. When parsing the funjsq_access_token parameter, the process does not properly validate a user-supplied string before using it to execute a system call. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-11653.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kb.netgear.com/000062641/Security-Advisor… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NETGEAR | Multiple Routers |
Affected:
firmware version 1.2.0.62_1.0.1
|
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CVE-2020-3176 (GCVE-0-2020-3176)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-03-04 18:40 – Updated: 2024-11-15 17:34
VLAI
Title
Cisco Remote PHY Device Software Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco Remote PHY Device Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute commands on the underlying Linux shell of an affected device with root privileges. The vulnerability exists because the affected software does not properly sanitize user-supplied input. An attacker who has valid administrator access to an affected device could exploit this vulnerability by supplying certain CLI commands with crafted arguments. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to run arbitrary commands as the root user, which could result in a complete system compromise.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Remote PHY |
Affected:
unspecified , < n/a
(custom)
|
Date Public
2020-03-04 00:00
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CVE-2020-3207 (GCVE-0-2020-3207)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-06-03 17:40 – Updated: 2024-11-15 17:18
VLAI
Title
Cisco IOS XE Software Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the processing of boot options of specific Cisco IOS XE Software switches could allow an authenticated, local attacker with root shell access to the underlying operating system (OS) to conduct a command injection attack during device boot. This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation checks while processing boot options. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by modifying device boot options to execute attacker-provided code. A successful exploit may allow an attacker to bypass the Secure Boot process and execute malicious code on an affected device with root-level privileges.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco IOS XE Software 16.9.2 |
Affected:
n/a
|
Date Public
2020-06-03 00:00
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.