CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2026-42271 (GCVE-0-2026-42271)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 03:35 – Updated: 2026-05-09 03:55
VLAI
Title
LiteLLM: Authenticated command execution via MCP stdio test endpoints
Summary
LiteLLM is a proxy server (AI Gateway) to call LLM APIs in OpenAI (or native) format. From version 1.74.2 to before version 1.83.7, two endpoints used to preview an MCP server before saving it — POST /mcp-rest/test/connection and POST /mcp-rest/test/tools/list — accepted a full server configuration in the request body, including the command, args, and env fields used by the stdio transport. When called with a stdio configuration, the endpoints attempted to connect, which spawned the supplied command as a subprocess on the proxy host with the privileges of the proxy process. The endpoints were gated only by a valid proxy API key, with no role check. Any authenticated user — including holders of low-privilege internal-user keys — could therefore run arbitrary commands on the host. This issue has been patched in version 1.83.7.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/releases/tag/v… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-4228 (GCVE-0-2026-4228)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-16 08:02 – Updated: 2026-03-16 16:41
VLAI
Title
LB-LINK BL-WR9000 set_wifi sub_458754 command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in LB-LINK BL-WR9000 2.4.9. This affects the function sub_458754 of the file /goform/set_wifi. The manipulation results in command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.351151 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.351151 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.771210 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/glkfc/IoT-Vulnerability/blob/m… | exploit |
Credits
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CVE-2026-42453 (GCVE-0-2026-42453)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 22:55 – Updated: 2026-05-11 17:53
VLAI
Title
Termix: Command injection in extractArchive/compressFiles via double-quote escaping bypass
Summary
Termix is a web-based server management platform with SSH terminal, tunneling, and file editing capabilities. Prior to version 2.1.0, the extractArchive and compressFiles endpoints in file-manager.ts use double-quoted strings for shell command construction, unlike all other file manager operations which use single-quote escaping. Double quotes allow $(command) substitution, enabling command injection on the remote SSH host. This issue has been patched in version 2.1.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Termix-SSH/Termix/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Termix-SSH/Termix/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Termix-SSH | Termix |
Affected:
< 2.1.0
|
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CVE-2026-4253 (GCVE-0-2026-4253)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-16 17:02 – Updated: 2026-03-16 18:01
VLAI
Title
Tenda AC8 Web UploadCfg route_set_user_policy_rule os command injection
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda AC8 16.03.50.11. This affects the function route_set_user_policy_rule of the file /cgi-bin/UploadCfg of the component Web Interface. The manipulation of the argument wans.policy.list1 results in os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.351211 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.351211 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.771771 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/digitalandrew/tenda_ac8_v5/blo… | exploit |
| https://www.tenda.com.cn/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-42824 (GCVE-0-2026-42824)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 22:00 – Updated: 2026-06-06 17:26 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
M365 Copilot Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in M365 Copilot allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Copilot |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2026-06-04 14:00
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CVE-2026-42827 (GCVE-0-2026-42827)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-22 22:03 – Updated: 2026-06-05 16:38 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
M365 Copilot Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in M365 Copilot allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Copilot |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2026-05-21 14:00
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CVE-2026-42893 (GCVE-0-2026-42893)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:59 – Updated: 2026-06-05 16:39
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Outlook for iOS Tampering Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in M365 Copilot allows an unauthorized attacker to perform tampering over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Outlook for iOS |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 5.2617.1
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-05-12 14:00
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CVE-2026-43990 (GCVE-0-2026-43990)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:22 – Updated: 2026-05-12 19:01
VLAI
Title
JunoClaw: plugin-shell shell-metacharacter injection via shell wrapper
Summary
JunoClaw is an agentic AI platform built on Juno Network. Prior to 0.x.y-security-1, plugin-shell's run_command wrapped every agent-supplied command in 'sh -c' / 'cmd /C' and passed the full argument string to the shell's parser, allowing shell metacharacters in agent-supplied arguments to be interpreted as command syntax. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.x.y-security-1.
Severity
8.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Dragonmonk111/junoclaw/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Dragonmonk111/junoclaw/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/Dragonmonk111/junoclaw/release… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dragonmonk111 | junoclaw |
Affected:
< v0.x.y-security-1
|
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CVE-2026-44257 (GCVE-0-2026-44257)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 21:06 – Updated: 2026-05-18 14:57
VLAI
Title
efw4.X: RCE via zipslip
Summary
efw4.X is an Enterprise Framework for Web. Prior to 4.08.010, efw.file.FileManager.unZip writes zip entries to disk using new File(baseDir, zipEntry.getName()) with no canonical-path check. An entry name such as ../../../pwned.jsp escapes the intended extraction directory and lands anywhere the Tomcat process can write — including the servlet context root. Combined with the framework's multipart /uploadServlet and an event that calls file.saveUploadFiles + FileManager.unZip, a remote attacker with no credentials drops a JSP webshell and executes arbitrary commands as the Tomcat user. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.08.010.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/efwGrp/efw4.X/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-4465 (GCVE-0-2026-4465)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 02:02 – Updated: 2026-03-20 14:40 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
D-Link DIR-513 formSysCmd os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in D-Link DIR-513 1.10. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /goform/formSysCmd. Executing a manipulation of the argument sysCmd can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.351755 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.351755 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.772866 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/InfiniteLin/Lin-s-CVEdb/blob/m… | exploit |
| https://www.dlink.com/ | product |
Credits
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.