CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2026-4497 (GCVE-0-2026-4497)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 19:02 – Updated: 2026-03-20 21:23
VLAI
Title
Totolink WA300 cstecgi.cgi recvUpgradeNewFw os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Totolink WA300 5.2cu.7112_B20190227. Affected by this issue is the function recvUpgradeNewFw of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi. This manipulation causes os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.352046 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352046 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.773875 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/hellonestor/killallbug/issues/1 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/user-attachments/files/2579061… | exploitpatch |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-4499 (GCVE-0-2026-4499)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 19:32 – Updated: 2026-03-20 19:55
VLAI
Title
D-Link DIR-820LW SSDP ssdpcgi_main os command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in D-Link DIR-820LW 2.03. Affected is the function ssdpcgi_main of the component SSDP. Executing a manipulation can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.352055 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352055 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.773883 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/yunleeeee/cve/issues/1 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/user-attachments/files/2579088… | exploit |
| https://www.dlink.com/ | product |
Credits
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CVE-2026-4537 (GCVE-0-2026-4537)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-22 04:02 – Updated: 2026-04-29 05:52
VLAI
Title
Cudy TR1200 ipsec.lua action_ipsec_conn command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Cudy TR1200 R46-2.4.15-20250721-164017. Impacted is the function action_ipsec_conn of the file /usr/bin/lib/lua/luci/controller/ipsec.lua. Executing a manipulation can lead to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading the affected component is advised. The vendor explains, that "some other customer has reported this to us before. And we have fixed this."
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/352325 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/352325/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/774447 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/qazmn/my_cve/blob/main/cudy_cv… | exploit |
Credits
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CVE-2026-4543 (GCVE-0-2026-4543)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-22 09:23 – Updated: 2026-03-23 16:22
VLAI
Title
Wavlink WL-WN578W2 POST Request firewall.cgi command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 221110. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/firewall.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument dmz_flag/del_flag results in command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.352360 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352360 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.774690 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.774691 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Litengzheng/vul_db/blob/main/W… | related |
| https://github.com/Litengzheng/vul_db/blob/main/W… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wavlink | WL-WN578W2 |
Affected:
221110
cpe:2.3:o:wavlink:wl-wn578w2_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2026-45497 (GCVE-0-2026-45497)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 22:00 – Updated: 2026-06-06 03:55 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
Title
Microsoft M365 Copilot Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft Copilot allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft 365 Copilot |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2026-06-04 14:00
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CVE-2026-4554 (GCVE-0-2026-4554)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-22 16:51 – Updated: 2026-03-25 13:48
VLAI
Title
Tenda F453 WriteFacMac FormWriteFacMac privilege escalation
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. The affected element is the function FormWriteFacMac of the file /goform/WriteFacMac. The manipulation of the argument mac results in command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.352381 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352381 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.774933 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Litengzheng/vul_db/blob/main/F… | exploit |
| https://www.tenda.com.cn/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-4558 (GCVE-0-2026-4558)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-22 17:29 – Updated: 2026-03-23 16:06
VLAI
Title
Linksys MR9600 SmartConnect.lua smartConnectConfigure os command injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in Linksys MR9600 2.0.6.206937. Affected is the function smartConnectConfigure of the file SmartConnect.lua. Executing a manipulation of the argument configApSsid/configApPassphrase/srpLogin/srpPassword can lead to os command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.352385 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.352385 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.775036 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/utmost3/cve/issues/1 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://www.linksys.com/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-45585 (GCVE-0-2026-45585)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 23:30 – Updated: 2026-06-05 16:39
VLAI
Title
Windows BitLocker Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft is aware of a security feature bypass vulnerability in Windows publicly referred to as "YellowKey". The proof of concept for this vulnerability has been made public violating coordinated vulnerability best practices.
We are issuing this CVE to provide mitigation guidance that can be implemented to protect against this vulnerability until the security update is made available.
Mitigation FAQs
Should I leverage the temporary mitigation?
Microsoft recommends that you consider implementing these mitigations if you are concerned your devices and data are at risk of being compromised or stolen. For example, if your organization’s employees take their work devices home or on business travel.
What impact to service availability/management could be caused by implementing the mitigations?
Implementing these mitigations will not impact service availability or management operations.
Do customers need to revert the changes made to mitigate the vulnerability once the security update to protect against this vulnerability is available?
No. The security update will maintain the mitigation's behavior once the security update is installed.
I am using TPM+PIN, am I at risk of this vulnerability being exploited
No, if you are using TPM+PIN the vulnerability is not exploitable.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
| https://github.com/Nightmare-Eclipse/YellowKey | exploit |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
-
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
-
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
-
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
-
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
-
|
Date Public
2026-05-19 14:00
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CVE-2026-45628 (GCVE-0-2026-45628)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-29 16:33 – Updated: 2026-05-29 19:29
VLAI
Title
Dokploy: Command Injection via Unescaped Branch Fields in Deployment Pipeline
Summary
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). In 0.29.2 and earlier, Dokploy constructs shell commands using JavaScript template literals and executes them via child_process.exec() (which runs through /bin/sh -c). User-supplied branch names, repository URLs, and Docker credentials are interpolated directly into these commands without escaping. This requires an authenticated user with application create/edit privileges.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Dokploy/dokploy/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-45663 (GCVE-0-2026-45663)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-29 16:03 – Updated: 2026-05-29 20:40
VLAI
Title
Dokploy: Remote Code Execution via destinationPath in Container File Upload
Summary
Dokploy is a free, self-hostable Platform as a Service (PaaS). In 0.29.1 and earlier, a command injection vulnerability exists in the Docker file upload functionality. When an authenticated user uploads a file to a container, the destinationPath parameter is not properly sanitized and is directly interpolated into a shell command string. By including shell metacharacters such as ; or ", an attacker can escape the intended docker cp command and execute arbitrary OS commands on the Dokploy host.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Dokploy/dokploy/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.