CWE-77
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
CVE-2024-1540 (GCVE-0-2024-1540)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-27 15:54 – Updated: 2024-08-21 14:52
VLAI
Title
Command Injection in gradio-app/gradio via deploy+test-visual.yml workflow
Summary
A command injection vulnerability exists in the deploy+test-visual.yml workflow of the gradio-app/gradio repository, due to improper neutralization of special elements used in a command. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute unauthorized commands, potentially leading to unauthorized modification of the base repository or secrets exfiltration. The issue arises from the unsafe handling of GitHub context information within a `run` operation, where expressions inside `${{ }}` are evaluated and substituted before script execution. Remediation involves setting untrusted input values to intermediate environment variables to prevent direct influence on script generation.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gradio-app | gradio-app/gradio |
Affected:
unspecified , < N/A
(custom)
|
|
| gradio_app | gradio_app_gradio |
Affected:
0 , ≤ *
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:gradio_app:gradio_app_gradio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-1781 (GCVE-0-2024-1781)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-23 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-22 16:16
VLAI
Title
Totolink X6000R AX3000 shttpd cstecgi.cgi setWizardCfg command injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Totolink X6000R AX3000 9.4.0cu.852_20230719. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function setWizardCfg of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component shttpd. The manipulation leads to command injection. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-254573 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
6.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.254573 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.254573 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/Icycu123/X6000R-AX3000-Wifi-6-… | exploit |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2024-20365 (GCVE-0-2024-20365)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-02 16:52 – Updated: 2024-10-02 20:08
VLAI
Title
Cisco Integrated Management Controller Redfish Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the Redfish API of Cisco UCS B-Series, Cisco UCS Managed C-Series, and Cisco UCS X-Series Servers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker with administrative privileges to perform command injection attacks on an affected system and elevate privileges to root.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation. An attacker with administrative privileges could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted commands through the Redfish API on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to elevate privileges to root.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Unified Computing System (Managed) |
Affected:
4.1(2a)
Affected: 4.1(2b) Affected: 4.1(3a) Affected: 4.1(3b) Affected: 4.1(2c) Affected: 4.1(4a) Affected: 4.1(3c) Affected: 4.1(3d) Affected: 4.2(1c) Affected: 4.2(1d) Affected: 4.1(3e) Affected: 4.2(1f) Affected: 4.1(3f) Affected: 4.2(1i) Affected: 4.2(1k) Affected: 4.1(3h) Affected: 4.2(1l) Affected: 4.2(1m) Affected: 4.1(3i) Affected: 4.2(2a) Affected: 4.2(1n) Affected: 4.1(3j) Affected: 4.2(2c) Affected: 4.2(2d) Affected: 4.2(3b) Affected: 4.1(3k) Affected: 4.2(2e) Affected: 4.2(3d) Affected: 4.2(3e) Affected: 4.2(3g) Affected: 4.1(3l) Affected: 4.3(2b) Affected: 4.2(3h) Affected: 4.2(3i) Affected: 4.3(2c) Affected: 4.1(3m) Affected: 4.3(2e) Affected: 4.3(3a) Affected: 4.2(3j) Affected: 4.3(3c) Affected: 4.3(4a) Affected: 4.2(3k) Affected: 4.3(4b) |
|
| cisco | unified_computing_system_manager_firmware |
Affected:
4.1(2a)
Affected: 4.1(2b) Affected: 4.1(3a) Affected: 4.1(3b) Affected: 4.1(2c) Affected: 4.1(4a) Affected: 4.1(3c) Affected: 4.1(3d) Affected: 4.2(1c) Affected: 4.2(1d) Affected: 4.1(3e) Affected: 4.2(1f) Affected: 4.1(3f) Affected: 4.2(1i) Affected: 4.2(1k) Affected: 4.1(3h) Affected: 4.2(1l) Affected: 4.2(1m) Affected: 4.1(3i) Affected: 4.2(2a) Affected: 4.2(1n) Affected: 4.1(3j) Affected: 4.2(2c) Affected: 4.2(2d) Affected: 4.2(3b) Affected: 4.1(3k) Affected: 4.2(2e) Affected: 4.2(3d) Affected: 4.2(3e) Affected: 4.2(3g) Affected: 4.1(3l) Affected: 4.3(2b) Affected: 4.2(3h) Affected: 4.2(3i) Affected: 4.3(2c) Affected: 4.1(3m) Affected: 4.3(2e) Affected: 4.3(3a) Affected: 4.2(3j) Affected: 4.3(3c) Affected: 4.3(4a) Affected: 4.2(3k) Affected: 4.3(4b) cpe:2.3:o:cisco:unified_computing_system_manager_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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}
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CVE-2024-20418 (GCVE-0-2024-20418)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-06 16:59 – Updated: 2024-11-08 04:55
VLAI
Title
Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul Software Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Unified Industrial Wireless Software for Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul (URWB) Access Points could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks with root privileges on the underlying operating system.
This vulnerability is due to improper validation of input to the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted HTTP requests to the web-based management interface of an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system of the affected device.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Aironet Access Point Software (IOS XE Controller) |
Affected:
N/A
|
|
| cisco | aironet_access_point_software |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 17.14
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:aironet_access_point_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-20432 (GCVE-0-2024-20432)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-02 16:53 – Updated: 2026-04-02 03:55
VLAI
Title
Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller Web UI Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the REST API and web UI of Cisco Nexus Dashboard Fabric Controller (NDFC) could allow an authenticated, low-privileged, remote attacker to perform a command injection attack against an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to improper user authorization and insufficient validation of command arguments. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting crafted commands to an affected REST API endpoint or through the web UI. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the CLI of a Cisco NDFC-managed device with network-admin privileges.
Note: This vulnerability does not affect Cisco NDFC when it is configured for storage area network (SAN) controller deployment.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Data Center Network Manager |
Affected:
12.1(1)
Affected: 12.0.1a Affected: 12.0.2d Affected: 12.0.2f Affected: 12.1.1 Affected: 12.1.1e Affected: 12.1.1p Affected: 12.1.2e Affected: 12.1.2p Affected: 12.1.3b Affected: 12.2.1 |
|
| cisco | data_center_network_manager |
Affected:
12.1(1)
Affected: 12.0.1a Affected: 12.0.2d Affected: 12.0.2f Affected: 12.1.1 Affected: 12.1.1e Affected: 12.1.1p Affected: 12.1.2e Affected: 12.1.2p Affected: 12.1.3b Affected: 12.2.1 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:data_center_network_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-20492 (GCVE-0-2024-20492)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-02 16:55 – Updated: 2024-10-02 19:24
VLAI
Title
Cisco Expressway Series Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the restricted shell of Cisco Expressway Series could allow an authenticated, local attacker to perform command injection attacks on the underlying operating system and elevate privileges to root. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have Administrator-level credentials with read-write privileges on an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a series of crafted CLI commands. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to escape the restricted shell and gain root privileges on the underlying operating system of the affected device.
Note: Cisco Expressway Series refers to Cisco Expressway Control (Expressway-C) devices and Cisco Expressway Edge (Expressway-E) devices.
Severity
6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) Expressway |
Affected:
X8.11.2
Affected: X8.6 Affected: X8.11.3 Affected: X8.2.2 Affected: X8.8.3 Affected: X8.11.0 Affected: X12.5.2 Affected: X8.1.1 Affected: X8.9 Affected: X12.5.1 Affected: X12.5.6 Affected: X8.7.3 Affected: X12.6.0 Affected: X8.11.1 Affected: X8.5 Affected: X8.9.1 Affected: X8.10.2 Affected: X8.8.2 Affected: X8.5.3 Affected: X8.1 Affected: X8.9.2 Affected: X8.11.4 Affected: X12.5.4 Affected: X8.8.1 Affected: X8.2.1 Affected: X8.5.1 Affected: X8.6.1 Affected: X8.1.2 Affected: X8.8 Affected: X8.10.0 Affected: X12.5.3 Affected: X8.10.1 Affected: X12.5.7 Affected: X8.10.3 Affected: X8.7.1 Affected: X8.2 Affected: X12.5.8 Affected: X8.7 Affected: X8.5.2 Affected: X12.5.9 Affected: X12.5.0 Affected: X8.10.4 Affected: X8.7.2 Affected: X12.5.5 Affected: X12.6.1 Affected: X12.6.2 Affected: X12.6.3 Affected: X12.6.4 Affected: X12.7.0 Affected: X12.7.1 Affected: X14.0.0 Affected: X14.0.1 Affected: X14.0.2 Affected: X14.0.3 Affected: X14.0.4 Affected: X14.0.5 Affected: X14.0.6 Affected: X14.0.7 Affected: X14.0.8 Affected: X14.2.0 Affected: X14.0.9 Affected: X14.2.1 Affected: X14.2.2 Affected: X14.0.11 Affected: X14.2.5 Affected: X14.0.10 Affected: X14.2.6 Affected: X14.2.7 Affected: X14.3.0 Affected: X14.3.1 Affected: X14.3.2 Affected: X14.3.3 Affected: X15.0.0 Affected: X14.3.4 Affected: X14.3.5 Affected: X15.0.1 Affected: X15.0.2 Affected: X15.0.3 Affected: X14.3.6 |
|
| cisco | telepresence_video_communication_server |
Affected:
X8.11.2
Affected: X8.6 Affected: X8.11.3 Affected: X8.2.2 Affected: X8.8.3 Affected: X8.11.0 Affected: X12.5.2 Affected: X8.1.1 Affected: X8.9 Affected: X12.5.1 Affected: X12.5.6 Affected: X8.7.3 Affected: X12.6.0 Affected: X8.11.1 Affected: X8.5 Affected: X8.9.1 Affected: X8.10.2 Affected: X8.8.2 Affected: X8.5.3 Affected: X8.1 Affected: X8.9.2 Affected: X8.11.4 Affected: X12.5.4 Affected: X8.8.1 Affected: X8.2.1 Affected: X8.5.1 Affected: X8.6.1 Affected: X8.1.2 Affected: X8.8 Affected: X8.10.0 Affected: X12.5.3 Affected: X8.10.1 Affected: X12.5.7 Affected: X8.10.3 Affected: X8.7.1 Affected: X8.2 Affected: X12.5.8 Affected: X8.7 Affected: X8.5.2 cpe:2.3:a:cisco:telepresence_video_communication_server:-:*:*:*:expressway:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-20667 (GCVE-0-2024-20667)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-13 18:02 – Updated: 2025-05-09 18:18
VLAI
Title
Azure DevOps Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Azure DevOps Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Azure DevOps Server 2022 |
Affected:
20231128.1 , < 20240126.4
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Azure DevOps Server |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 20240126.6
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Azure DevOps Server 2020.1.2 |
Affected:
2020.1.0 , < 20240126.2
(custom)
|
Date Public
2024-02-13 08:00
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CVE-2024-20676 (GCVE-0-2024-20676)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-09 17:56 – Updated: 2025-05-03 01:46
VLAI
Title
Azure Storage Mover Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Azure Storage Mover Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Azure Storage Mover |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 3.0.430
(custom)
|
Date Public
2024-01-09 08:00
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CVE-2024-21322 (GCVE-0-2024-21322)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-09 17:00 – Updated: 2025-05-03 00:39
VLAI
Title
Microsoft Defender for IoT Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Microsoft Defender for IoT Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Defender for IoT |
Affected:
22.0.0 , < 24.1.3
(custom)
|
Date Public
2024-04-09 07:00
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CVE-2024-21878 (GCVE-0-2024-21878)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-10 17:44 – Updated: 2025-03-11 13:38
VLAI
Title
Command Injection through Unsafe File Name Evaluation in internal script in Enphase IQ Gateway v4.x to and including 8.x
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') vulnerability in Enphase IQ Gateway (formerly known as Envoy) allows OS Command Injection. This vulnerability is present in an internal script.This issue affects Envoy: from 4.x up to and including 8.x and is currently unpatched.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2024-21878 | third-party-advisory |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2024-00011 | related |
| https://enphase.com/cybersecurity/advisories/ensa… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2024-08-10 17:00
Credits
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Operation
Description:
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Phase: System Configuration
Description:
- Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.