CWE-94
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
CVE-2021-25415 (GCVE-0-2021-25415)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-11 14:33 – Updated: 2024-08-03 20:03
VLAI
Summary
Assuming EL1 is compromised, an improper address validation in RKP prior to SMR JUN-2021 Release 1 allows local attackers to remap EL2 memory as writable.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code (Code Injection)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Samsung Mobile | Samsung Mobile Devices |
Affected:
Q(10.0), R(11.0) devices with Exynos9610, 9810, 9820, 9830 , < SMA JUN-2021 Release 1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2021-25416 (GCVE-0-2021-25416)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-11 14:33 – Updated: 2024-08-03 20:03
VLAI
Summary
Assuming EL1 is compromised, an improper address validation in RKP prior to SMR JUN-2021 Release 1 allows local attackers to create executable kernel page outside code area.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code (Code Injection)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Samsung Mobile | Samsung Mobile Devices |
Affected:
Q(10.0), R(11.0) devices with Exynos9610, 9810, 9820, 9830 , < SMA JUN-2021 Release 1
(custom)
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CVE-2021-25470 (GCVE-0-2021-25470)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-06 17:07 – Updated: 2024-08-03 20:03
VLAI
Summary
An improper caller check logic of SMC call in TEEGRIS secure OS prior to SMR Oct-2021 Release 1 can be used to compromise TEE.
Severity
7.9 (High)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Samsung Mobile | Samsung Mobile Devices |
Affected:
Select P(9.0), Q(10.0), R(11.0) devices with Exynos and Mediatek chipsets , < SMR Oct-2021 Release 1
(custom)
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CVE-2021-26277 (GCVE-0-2021-26277)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-17 00:00 – Updated: 2025-03-18 15:29
VLAI
Title
Security Advisory | PendingIntent hijacking vulnerability in Framework Services
Summary
The framework service handles pendingIntent incorrectly, allowing a malicious application with certain privileges to perform privileged actions.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vivo | Frame service |
Affected:
2021.6.30 , < all
(custom)
|
Date Public
2021-06-30 00:00
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CVE-2021-26727 (GCVE-0-2021-26727)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-10-24 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-07 14:59
VLAI
Title
spx_restservice SubNet_handler_func Multiple Command Injections and Stack-Based Buffer Overflows
Summary
Multiple command injections and stack-based buffer overflows vulnerabilities in the SubNet_handler_func function of spx_restservice allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the same privileges as the server user (root). This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.10.0.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lanner Inc | IAC-AST2500A |
Affected:
1.10.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2021-26728 (GCVE-0-2021-26728)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-10-24 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-03 20:33
VLAI
Title
spx_restservice KillDupUsr_func Command Injection and Stack-Based Buffer Overflow
Summary
Command injection and stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities in the KillDupUsr_func function of spx_restservice allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the same privileges as the server user (root). This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.10.0.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lanner Inc | IAC-AST2500A |
Affected:
1.10.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2021-26729 (GCVE-0-2021-26729)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-10-24 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-07 15:36
VLAI
Title
spx_restservice Login_handler_func Command Injection and Multiple Stack-Based Buffer Overflows
Summary
Command injection and multiple stack-based buffer overflows vulnerabilities in the Login_handler_func function of spx_restservice allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code with the same privileges as the server user (root). This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.10.0.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
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| Lanner Inc | IAC-AST2500A |
Affected:
1.10.0
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CVE-2021-26731 (GCVE-0-2021-26731)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-10-24 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-07 15:42
VLAI
Title
spx_restservice modifyUserb_func Command Injection and Multiple Stack-Based Buffer Overflows
Summary
Command injection and multiple stack-based buffer overflows vulnerabilities in the modifyUserb_func function of spx_restservice allow an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code with the same privileges as the server user (root). This issue affects: Lanner Inc IAC-AST2500A standard firmware version 1.10.0.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lanner Inc | IAC-AST2500A |
Affected:
1.10.0
|
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CVE-2021-27438 (GCVE-0-2021-27438)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-03-25 19:26 – Updated: 2024-08-03 20:48
VLAI
Summary
The software contains a hard-coded password it uses for its own inbound authentication or for outbound communication to external components on the Reason DR60 (all firmware versions prior to 02A04.1).
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-94 - CODE INJECTION CWE-94
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-082-03 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Reason DR60 |
Affected:
All firmware versions prior to 02A04.1
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CVE-2021-27446 (GCVE-0-2021-27446)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-05-16 17:15 – Updated: 2025-04-16 16:21
VLAI
Title
Weintek EasyWeb cMT Code Injection
Summary
The Weintek cMT product line is vulnerable to code injection, which may allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute commands with root privileges on the operation system.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-94 - Code Injection
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://dl.weintek.com/public/Document/TEC/TEC210… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Weintek | cMT-SVR-1xx/2xx |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210305
(custom)
|
|
| Weintek | cMT-G01/G02 |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210209
(custom)
|
|
| Weintek | cMT-G03/G04 |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210222
(custom)
|
|
| Weintek | cMT3071/cMT3072/cMT3090/cMT3103/cMT3151 |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210218
(custom)
|
|
| Weintek | cMT-HDM |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210204
(custom)
|
|
| Weintek | cMT-FHD |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210208
(custom)
|
|
| Weintek | cMT-CTRL01 |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20210302
(custom)
|
Date Public
2021-03-23 00:00
Credits
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Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Description:
- Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Phase: Testing
Description:
- Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation ID: MIT-32
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Description:
- Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation ID: MIT-32
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.