CVE-2021-22991 (GCVE-0-2021-22991)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-03-31 17:23 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:25Summary
On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12.1.x before 12.1.5.3, undisclosed requests to a virtual server may be incorrectly handled by the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) URI normalization, which may trigger a buffer overflow, resulting in a DoS attack. In certain situations, it may theoretically allow bypass of URL based access control or remote code execution (RCE). Note: Software versions which have reached End of Software Development (EoSD) are not evaluated.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-29 20:33 UTC
CWE
- RCE
- CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K56715231 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
CISA
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: 42179449-d348-4b94-8237-1de61696fec6
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2022-01-18
Asserted: 2022-01-18
Scope
Notes: KEV entry: F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management Microkernel Buffer Overflow | Affected: F5 / BIG-IP Traffic Management Microkernel | Description: The Traffic Management Microkernel of BIG-IP ASM Risk Engine has a buffer overflow vulnerability, leading to a bypassing of URL-based access controls. | Required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions. | Due date: 2022-02-01 | Known ransomware campaign use (KEV): Unknown | Notes (KEV): https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22991
Evidence
Type: Vendor Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 80%
Source: cisa-kev
Details
| Cwes | CWE-119 |
|---|---|
| Feed | CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog |
| Product | BIG-IP Traffic Management Microkernel |
| Due Date | 2022-02-01 |
| Date Added | 2022-01-18 |
| Vendorproject | F5 |
| Vulnerabilityname | F5 BIG-IP Traffic Management Microkernel Buffer Overflow |
| Knownransomwarecampaignuse | Unknown |
References
Created: 2026-02-02 12:28 UTC
| Updated: 2026-02-06 07:17 UTC
Previdian
Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant
KEV entry ID: a9d6a0f3-520d-43c5-80cc-ea2d076d413c
Exploited: Yes
Timestamps
First Seen: 2022-01-18
Asserted: 2022-01-18
Scope
Notes: KEVIntel entry: On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12.1.x before 12.1.5.3,... | Affected: F5 / BIG-IP | CVSS: 9.8 (CRITICAL) | Used in malware: unknown | Not yet in CISA KEV: False
Evidence
Type: Public Report
Signal: Successful Exploitation
Confidence: 70%
Source: kevintel
Details
| Feed | KEVIntel (kevintel.com) |
|---|---|
| Title | On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12.1.x before 12.1.5.3,... |
| Vendor | F5 |
| Product | BIG-IP |
| Added Date | 2022-01-18T00:00:00.000Z |
| Cvss Score | 9.8 |
| Epss Score | None |
| Cvss Severity | CRITICAL |
| Epss Percentile | None |
| Used In Malware | unknown |
| Ahead Of Cisa Kev | None |
| Not Yet In Cisa Kev | False |
References
Created: 2026-06-23 14:04 UTC
| Updated: 2026-07-10 06:14 UTC
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"lang": "en",
"value": "On BIG-IP versions 16.0.x before 16.0.1.1, 15.1.x before 15.1.2.1, 14.1.x before 14.1.4, 13.1.x before 13.1.3.6, and 12.1.x before 12.1.5.3, undisclosed requests to a virtual server may be incorrectly handled by the Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) URI normalization, which may trigger a buffer overflow, resulting in a DoS attack. In certain situations, it may theoretically allow bypass of URL based access control or remote code execution (RCE). Note: Software versions which have reached End of Software Development (EoSD) are not evaluated."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En BIG-IP versiones 16.0.x anteriores a 16.0.1.1, versiones 15.1.x anteriores a 15.1.2.1, versiones 14.1.x anteriores a 14.1.4, versiones 13.1.x anteriores a 13.1.3.6 y versiones 12.1.x anteriores a 12.1.5.3, unas peticiones no reveladas a un servidor virtual pueden ser manejadas incorrectamente por la normalizaci\u00f3n del URI de Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM), lo que puede desencadenar un desbordamiento del b\u00fafer, resultando en un ataque de DoS.\u0026#xa0;En determinadas situaciones, te\u00f3ricamente puede permitir la omisi\u00f3n del control de acceso basado en URL o una ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo remota (RCE).\u0026#xa0;Nota: No se eval\u00faan las versiones de software que han alcanzado End of Software Development (EoSD)."
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],
"id": "CVE-2021-22991",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T05:51:04.903",
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
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"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"baseScore": 6.8,
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"integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
"version": "2.0"
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"exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
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"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
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"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
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"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
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"exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
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"published": "2021-03-31T18:15:14.787",
"references": [
{
"source": "f5sirt@f5.com",
"tags": [
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"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K56715231"
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{
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"tags": [
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"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K56715231"
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"cisaExploitAdd": "2022-01-18",
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"dateAdded": "2022-01-18",
"reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-22991"
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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