CVE-2021-45444 (GCVE-0-2021-45444)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-02-13 05:32 – Updated: 2024-08-04 04:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In zsh before 5.8.1, an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt, as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CWE
- n/a
Assigner
References
12 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA |
| https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_DEBIAN |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022… | mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA |
| https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33 | mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISC |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35 | mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISC |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38 | mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISC |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T04:39:20.752Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-adf0c6d196",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5078",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_DEBIAN",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20220218 [SECURITY] [DLA 2926-1] zsh security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_MLIST",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-0a06987c3c",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-4 Security Update 2022-004 Catalina",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_FULLDISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-3 macOS Big Sur 11.6.6",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_FULLDISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-2 macOS Monterey 12.4",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_FULLDISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "n/a",
"vendor": "n/a",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "n/a"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In zsh before 5.8.1, an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt, as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "n/a",
"lang": "en",
"type": "text"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2022-05-17T06:08:11.000Z",
"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"shortName": "mitre"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-adf0c6d196",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5078",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_DEBIAN"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20220218 [SECURITY] [DLA 2926-1] zsh security update",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_MLIST"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-0a06987c3c",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory",
"x_refsource_FEDORA"
],
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-4 Security Update 2022-004 Catalina",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_FULLDISC"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-3 macOS Big Sur 11.6.6",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_FULLDISC"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-2 macOS Monterey 12.4",
"tags": [
"mailing-list",
"x_refsource_FULLDISC"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
}
],
"x_legacyV4Record": {
"CVE_data_meta": {
"ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
"ID": "CVE-2021-45444",
"STATE": "PUBLIC"
},
"affects": {
"vendor": {
"vendor_data": [
{
"product": {
"product_data": [
{
"product_name": "n/a",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_value": "n/a"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"vendor_name": "n/a"
}
]
}
},
"data_format": "MITRE",
"data_type": "CVE",
"data_version": "4.0",
"description": {
"description_data": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "In zsh before 5.8.1, an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt, as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion."
}
]
},
"problemtype": {
"problemtype_data": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "n/a"
}
]
}
]
},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
},
{
"name": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-adf0c6d196",
"refsource": "FEDORA",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5078",
"refsource": "DEBIAN",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20220218 [SECURITY] [DLA 2926-1] zsh security update",
"refsource": "MLIST",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"name": "FEDORA-2022-0a06987c3c",
"refsource": "FEDORA",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"name": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"name": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"name": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-4 Security Update 2022-004 Catalina",
"refsource": "FULLDISC",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-3 macOS Big Sur 11.6.6",
"refsource": "FULLDISC",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"name": "20220516 APPLE-SA-2022-05-16-2 macOS Monterey 12.4",
"refsource": "FULLDISC",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
}
]
}
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2021-45444",
"datePublished": "2022-02-13T05:32:21.000Z",
"dateReserved": "2021-12-21T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-04T04:39:20.752Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2021-45444",
"date": "2026-09-28",
"epss": "0.0198",
"percentile": "0.79718"
},
"fkie_nvd": {
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zsh:zsh:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "9E81CC0B-D7B9-40E7-82F9-DFAE6C223E71",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.8.1",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "A930E247-0B43-43CB-98FF-6CE7B8189835",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "80E516C0-98A4-4ADE-B69F-66A772E2BAAA",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "07B237A9-69A3-4A9C-9DA0-4E06BD37AE73",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DB8A73F8-3074-4B32-B9F6-343B6B1988C5",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.15.7",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "F12CC8B5-C1EB-419E-8496-B9A3864656AD",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020-001:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "F1F4BF7F-90D4-4668-B4E6-B06F4070F448",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020-005:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "7FD7176C-F4D1-43A7-9E49-BA92CA0D9980",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020-007:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "2703DE0B-8A9E-4A9D-9AE8-028E22BF47CA",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-001:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "0F441A43-1669-478D-9EC8-E96882DE4F9F",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-002:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "D425C653-37A2-448C-BF2F-B684ADB08A26",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-003:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "A54D63B7-B92B-47C3-B1C5-9892E5873A98",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-006:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "012052B5-9AA7-4FD3-9C80-5F615330039D",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-007:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "50F21A3C-0AC3-48C5-A4F8-5A7B478875B4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-008:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "8E974DC6-F7D9-4389-9AF9-863F6E419CE6",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2022-001:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "156A6382-2BD3-4882-90B2-8E7CF6659E17",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2022-002:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "20A2FDB2-6712-406A-9896-C0B44508B07D",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2022-003:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "49F537A0-DC42-4176-B22F-C80D179DD99D",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "09A6345C-D813-43BA-B12E-789C80653F86",
"versionEndExcluding": "11.6.6",
"versionStartIncluding": "11.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "56A8A170-44A7-4334-88B0-CB4413E28E53",
"versionEndExcluding": "12.4",
"versionStartIncluding": "12.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In zsh before 5.8.1, an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt, as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En zsh versiones anteriores a 5.8.1, un atacante puede lograr una ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo si controla la salida de un comando dentro del prompt, como lo demuestra un argumento %F. Esto ocurre debido a la expansi\u00f3n recursiva PROMPT_SUBST"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2021-45444",
"lastModified": "2024-11-21T06:32:13.110",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
{
"acInsufInfo": false,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"cvssData": {
"accessComplexity": "HIGH",
"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"baseScore": 5.1,
"confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
"version": "2.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 4.9,
"impactScore": 6.4,
"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
"obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
"obtainUserPrivilege": false,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary",
"userInteractionRequired": true
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2022-02-14T12:15:15.750",
"references": [
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Release Notes",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Release Notes",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"microsoft_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2022-02-23T00:00:00.000Z",
"cve": "CVE-2021-45444",
"id": "msrc_CVE-2021-45444",
"initial_release_date": "2022-02-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"product_status:fixed": "2",
"product_status:known_affected": "2",
"source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "In zsh before 5.8.1 an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion.",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2022/msrc_cve-2021-45444.json",
"version": "1"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"product": "n/a",
"vendor": "n/a",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "n/a"
}
]
}
],
"source": "cve@mitre.org"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zsh:zsh:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "9E81CC0B-D7B9-40E7-82F9-DFAE6C223E71",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.8.1",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "A930E247-0B43-43CB-98FF-6CE7B8189835",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "80E516C0-98A4-4ADE-B69F-66A772E2BAAA",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "07B237A9-69A3-4A9C-9DA0-4E06BD37AE73",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "FA6FEEC2-9F11-4643-8827-749718254FED",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
},
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "DB8A73F8-3074-4B32-B9F6-343B6B1988C5",
"versionEndExcluding": "10.15.7",
"versionStartIncluding": "10.15",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "F12CC8B5-C1EB-419E-8496-B9A3864656AD",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020-001:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "F1F4BF7F-90D4-4668-B4E6-B06F4070F448",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020-005:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "7FD7176C-F4D1-43A7-9E49-BA92CA0D9980",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2020-007:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "2703DE0B-8A9E-4A9D-9AE8-028E22BF47CA",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-001:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "0F441A43-1669-478D-9EC8-E96882DE4F9F",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-002:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "D425C653-37A2-448C-BF2F-B684ADB08A26",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-003:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "A54D63B7-B92B-47C3-B1C5-9892E5873A98",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-006:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "012052B5-9AA7-4FD3-9C80-5F615330039D",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-007:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "50F21A3C-0AC3-48C5-A4F8-5A7B478875B4",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2021-008:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "8E974DC6-F7D9-4389-9AF9-863F6E419CE6",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2022-001:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "156A6382-2BD3-4882-90B2-8E7CF6659E17",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2022-002:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "20A2FDB2-6712-406A-9896-C0B44508B07D",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x:10.15.7:security_update_2022-003:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "49F537A0-DC42-4176-B22F-C80D179DD99D",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "09A6345C-D813-43BA-B12E-789C80653F86",
"versionEndExcluding": "11.6.6",
"versionStartIncluding": "11.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "56A8A170-44A7-4334-88B0-CB4413E28E53",
"versionEndExcluding": "12.4",
"versionStartIncluding": "12.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In zsh before 5.8.1, an attacker can achieve code execution if they control a command output inside the prompt, as demonstrated by a %F argument. This occurs because of recursive PROMPT_SUBST expansion."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En zsh versiones anteriores a 5.8.1, un atacante puede lograr una ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo si controla la salida de un comando dentro del prompt, como lo demuestra un argumento %F. Esto ocurre debido a la expansi\u00f3n recursiva PROMPT_SUBST"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2021-45444",
"lastModified": "2026-06-17T04:13:22.823",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
{
"acInsufInfo": false,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"cvssData": {
"accessComplexity": "HIGH",
"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"baseScore": 5.1,
"confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
"version": "2.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 4.9,
"impactScore": 6.4,
"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
"obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
"obtainUserPrivilege": false,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary",
"userInteractionRequired": true
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2022-02-14T12:15:15.750",
"references": [
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"source": "cve@mitre.org",
"tags": [
"Release Notes",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/33"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/35"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/May/38"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00020.html"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/2P3LPMGENEHKDWFO4MWMZSZL6G7Y4CV7/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BWF3EXNBX5SVFDBL4ZFOD4GJBWFUKWN4/"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213255"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213256"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213257"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuln.ryotak.me/advisories/63"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5078"
},
{
"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"tags": [
"Release Notes",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "https://zsh.sourceforge.io/releases.html"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2025-11-21T15:53:39+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2021-45444",
"id": "CVE-2021-45444",
"initial_release_date": "2021-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:fixed": "28",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "7",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "zsh: Prompt expansion vulnerability",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2021/cve-2021-45444.json",
"version": "3"
},
"suse_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "important",
"current_release_date": "2026-09-09T00:39:01Z",
"cve": "CVE-2021-45444",
"id": "CVE-2021-45444",
"initial_release_date": "2023-02-15T03:36:18Z",
"product_status:known_affected": "395",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "6",
"product_status:recommended": "90",
"source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
"status": "interim",
"title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2021-45444",
"url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2021-45444.json",
"version": "43"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
Loading…