{
  "document": {
    "acknowledgments": [
      {
        "organization": "Hitachi Energy",
        "summary": "reporting these vulnerabilities to CISA"
      }
    ],
    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Disclosure is not limited",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en-US",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "All information products included in https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics are provided \"as is\" for informational purposes only. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) does not provide any warranties of any kind regarding any information contained within. DHS does not endorse any commercial product or service, referenced in this product or otherwise. Further dissemination of this product is governed by the Traffic Light Protocol (TLP) marking in the header. For more information about TLP, see https://us-cert.cisa.gov/tlp/.",
        "title": "Legal Notice"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could cause a Denial-of-Service condition in RTU500 devices.",
        "title": "Risk evaluation"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Energy",
        "title": "Critical infrastructure sectors"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Worldwide",
        "title": "Countries/areas deployed"
      },
      {
        "category": "other",
        "text": "Switzerland",
        "title": "Company headquarters location"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities, such as:",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs). Recognize VPNs may have vulnerabilities, should be updated to the most recent version available, and are only as secure as the connected devices.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks:",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time.",
        "title": "Recommended Practices"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "coordinator",
      "contact_details": "central@cisa.dhs.gov",
      "name": "CISA",
      "namespace": "https://www.cisa.gov/"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "ICS Advisory ICSA-25-259-02 JSON",
        "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/OT/white/2025/icsa-25-259-02.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "ICSA Advisory ICSA-25-259-02 - Web Version",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-259-02"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/alerts/ICS-ALERT-10-301-01"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/Cybersecurity_Best_Practices_for_Industrial_Control_Systems.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/topics/industrial-control-systems"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/sites/default/files/publications/emailscams0905.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ncas/tips/ST04-014"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/recommended_practices/NCCIC_ICS-CERT_Defense_in_Depth_2016_S508C.pdf"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Recommended Practices",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/tips/ICS-TIP-12-146-01B"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Hitachi Energy RTU500 series",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-09-16T06:00:00.000000Z",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2025-09-16T16:34:27.765108Z",
        "engine": {
          "name": "CISA CSAF Generator",
          "version": "1.0.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "ICSA-25-259-02",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-16T06:00:00.000000Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2025-09-16T06:00:00.000000Z",
          "legacy_version": "Initial",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial Publication"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "1"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "13.6.1",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Hitachi Energy Hitachi Energy RTU500 series: 13.6.1",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0001"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Hitachi Energy RTU500 series"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003e=12.7.1|\u003c=12.7.7",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Hitachi Energy Hitachi Energy RTU500 series: \u003e=12.7.1|\u003c=12.7.7",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0002"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Hitachi Energy RTU500 series"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003e=13.4.1|\u003c=13.4.4",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Hitachi Energy Hitachi Energy RTU500 series: \u003e=13.4.1|\u003c=13.4.4",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0003"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Hitachi Energy RTU500 series"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003e=13.5.1|\u003c=13.5.3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Hitachi Energy Hitachi Energy RTU500 series: \u003e=13.5.1|\u003c=13.5.3",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0004"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Hitachi Energy RTU500 series"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003e=13.7.1|\u003c=13.7.6",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Hitachi Energy Hitachi Energy RTU500 series: \u003e=13.7.1|\u003c=13.7.6",
                  "product_id": "CSAFPID-0005"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Hitachi Energy RTU500 series"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Hitachi Energy"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-2953",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-476",
        "name": "NULL Pointer Dereference"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability has been identified in the openLDAP library used in Central Account Management (CAM) client. This issue can lead to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition when a specially crafted request may cause a null pointer to dereference, resulting in affected CMU to automatically recovering itself by rebooting.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001",
          "CSAFPID-0002",
          "CSAFPID-0004",
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2953"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 12.7.1 \u2013 12.7.7: Update to CMU Firmware version 12.7.8 when available",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.5.1 \u2013 13.5.3: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.5.4",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.6.1: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.6.3",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 12.7.1 \u2013 12.7.7: Follow general mitigation factors /workarounds",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.6.1, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.5.1 \u2013 13.5.3, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39203",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-354",
        "name": "Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability exists in the IEC 61850 protocol of the RTU500 product series. An IEC 61850-8 crafted message content from a device (e.g. an IED) or remote system can cause a Denial of Service (DoS) resulting in disconnection of the device to the RTU 500 until next reboot.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001",
          "CSAFPID-0002",
          "CSAFPID-0003",
          "CSAFPID-0004",
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39203"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 12.7.1 \u2013 12.7.7: Update to CMU Firmware version 12.7.8 when available",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.5.1 \u2013 13.5.3: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.5.4",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.6.1: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.6.3",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.6.1, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.5.1 \u2013 13.5.3, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2025-39203) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 12.7.1 \u2013 12.7.7: Follow general mitigation factors/ workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2025-39203) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.4.1 \u2013 13.4.4, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2025-39203) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.4.1 \u2013 13.4.4: Follow General Mitigation Factors/Workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0003",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2024-45490",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-611",
        "name": "Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability has been identified in the libexpat library used in IEC 61850 client and server components of the RTU500 product series. An authenticated and authorized malicious user could load a crafted XML input which may lead to memory mismanagement potentially causing RTU500 to reboot.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45490"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2024-45491",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-122",
        "name": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability has been identified in libexpat library used in the IEC 61850 client and server components of the RTU500 product series. An authenticated and authorized malicious user could load a crafted XML input which may lead to heap corruption potentially causing RTU500 to reboot.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45491"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2024-45492",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-190",
        "name": "Integer Overflow or Wraparound"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability has been identified in libexpat library used in the IEC 61850 client and server components of the RTU500 product series. An authenticated and authorized malicious user could load a crafted XML input which leads to an integer overflow potentially causing RTU500 to reboot.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-45492"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2024-28757",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-776",
        "name": "Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs (\u0027XML Entity Expansion\u0027)"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability has been identified in libexpat library used in the IEC 61850 client and server components of the RTU500 product series. An authenticated and authorized malicious user could load a crafted XML input which may lead to a memory mismanagement potentially causing RTU500 to reboot.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28757"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-6021",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-121",
        "name": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "A vulnerability exists in libxml library used by RTU500 Web server functionality. An authenticated and authorized malicious user could send a crafted XML message which may lead to buffer overflow potentially causing RTU500 to reboot.",
          "title": "Vulnerability Summary"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "CSAFPID-0001",
          "CSAFPID-0002",
          "CSAFPID-0004",
          "CSAFPID-0005"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.cve.org",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-6021"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1#CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "www.first.org",
          "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4.0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "Hitachi Energy has identified the following specific workarounds and mitigations users can apply to reduce risk:",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 12.7.1 \u2013 12.7.7: Update to CMU Firmware version 12.7.8 when available",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.5.1 \u2013 13.5.3: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.5.4",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2025-39203, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.6.1: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.6.3",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2023-2953, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-28757, CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Update to CMU Firmware version 13.7.7",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "(CVE-2025-6021) RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.6.1, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 12.7.1 \u2013 12.7.7, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.5.1 \u2013 13.5.3, RTU500 series CMU Firmware version 13.7.1 \u2013 13.7.6: Follow general mitigation factors/workarounds.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        },
        {
          "category": "mitigation",
          "details": "For more information see the associated Hitachi Energy PSIRT security advisory 8DBD000220 Multiple Vulnerabilities in Hitachi Energy\u0027s RTU500 series Product.",
          "product_ids": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ],
          "url": "https://publisher.hitachienergy.com/preview?DocumentID=8DBD000220\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=launch"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "CSAFPID-0001",
            "CSAFPID-0002",
            "CSAFPID-0004",
            "CSAFPID-0005"
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

{
  "document": {
    "category": "csaf_vex",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Public",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en-US",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "To determine the support lifecycle for your software, see the Microsoft Support Lifecycle: https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle",
        "title": "Additional Resources"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "The information provided in the Microsoft Knowledge Base is provided \\\"as is\\\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.",
        "title": "Disclaimer"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "vendor",
      "contact_details": "secure@microsoft.com",
      "name": "Microsoft Security Response Center",
      "namespace": "https://msrc.microsoft.com"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "CVE-2023-2953 A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function. - VEX",
        "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2023/msrc_cve-2023-2953.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Microsoft Support Lifecycle",
        "url": "https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Common Vulnerability Scoring System",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss"
      }
    ],
    "title": "A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function.",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2024-09-11T00:00:00.000Z",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2025-10-20T00:26:38.283Z",
        "engine": {
          "name": "MSRC Generator",
          "version": "1.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2023-2953",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-05-01T00:00:00.000Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2024-09-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "1",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Information published."
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "1"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "2.0",
                "product": {
                  "name": "CBL Mariner 2.0",
                  "product_id": "17086"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Azure Linux"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003ccbl2 openldap 2.4.57-9",
                "product": {
                  "name": "\u003ccbl2 openldap 2.4.57-9",
                  "product_id": "1"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "cbl2 openldap 2.4.57-9",
                "product": {
                  "name": "cbl2 openldap 2.4.57-9",
                  "product_id": "18356"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "openldap"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Microsoft"
      }
    ],
    "relationships": [
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "\u003ccbl2 openldap 2.4.57-9 as a component of CBL Mariner 2.0",
          "product_id": "17086-1"
        },
        "product_reference": "1",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17086"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "cbl2 openldap 2.4.57-9 as a component of CBL Mariner 2.0",
          "product_id": "18356-17086"
        },
        "product_reference": "18356",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17086"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-2953",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-476",
        "name": "NULL Pointer Dereference"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "redhat",
          "title": "Assigning CNA"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "18356-17086"
        ],
        "known_affected": [
          "17086-1"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2023-2953 A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function. - VEX",
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2023/msrc_cve-2023-2953.json"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2024-09-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "details": "2.4.57-9:Security Update:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade",
          "product_ids": [
            "17086-1"
          ],
          "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "environmentalsScore": 0.0,
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 7.5,
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "17086-1"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "A vulnerability was found in openldap. This security flaw causes a null pointer dereference in ber_memalloc_x() function."
    }
  ]
}