Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2023-4316 (GCVE-0-2023-4316)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-28 20:34 – Updated: 2025-12-03 20:17

Title

Zod 3.22.2 - Regular expression Denial of Service

Summary

Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-04-04 17:16 UTC

CWE

CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Assigner

Fluid Attacks

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift
https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
Zod	Zod	Affected: 3.21.0 , ≤ 3.22.3 (custom)	guessed

Date Public

2023-09-28 20:30

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2023-4316

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2023-09-28 21:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 06:37

Severity

7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.

References

URL	Tags
help@fluidattacks.com	https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift	Exploit, Third Party Advisory
help@fluidattacks.com	https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod	Product
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift	Exploit, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod	Product

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version
	zod	zod	3.22.2

JSON

To clipboard

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GHSA-M95Q-7QP3-XV42

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-28 21:30 – Updated: 2024-09-06 19:11

Summary

Zod denial of service vulnerability

Details

Zod version 3.22.2 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.

Severity

5.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.22.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "zod"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.22.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4316"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1333"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-02T16:26:26Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-28T21:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Zod version 3.22.2 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.",
  "id": "GHSA-m95q-7qp3-xv42",
  "modified": "2024-09-06T19:11:37Z",
  "published": "2023-09-28T21:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4316"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/issues/2609"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/pull/2824"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/commit/2ba00fe2377f4d53947a84b8cdb314a63bbd6dd4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/colinhacks/zod"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/colinhacks/zod/releases/tag/v3.22.3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Zod denial of service vulnerability"
}

GSD-2023-4316

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2023-12-13 01:20

Details

Zod in version 3.22.2 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails

Aliases

CVE-2023-4316

Aliases

CVE-2023-4316

JSON

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{
  "GSD": {
    "alias": "CVE-2023-4316",
    "id": "GSD-2023-4316"
  },
  "gsd": {
    "metadata": {
      "exploitCode": "unknown",
      "remediation": "unknown",
      "reportConfidence": "confirmed",
      "type": "vulnerability"
    },
    "osvSchema": {
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2023-4316"
      ],
      "details": "Zod in version 3.22.2 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails\n\n\n\n",
      "id": "GSD-2023-4316",
      "modified": "2023-12-13T01:20:26.791692Z",
      "schema_version": "1.4.0"
    }
  },
  "namespaces": {
    "cve.org": {
      "CVE_data_meta": {
        "ASSIGNER": "help@fluidattacks.com",
        "ID": "CVE-2023-4316",
        "STATE": "PUBLIC"
      },
      "affects": {
        "vendor": {
          "vendor_data": [
            {
              "product": {
                "product_data": [
                  {
                    "product_name": "Zod",
                    "version": {
                      "version_data": [
                        {
                          "version_affected": "\u003c=",
                          "version_name": "3.21.0",
                          "version_value": "3.22.3"
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  }
                ]
              },
              "vendor_name": "Zod"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "data_format": "MITRE",
      "data_type": "CVE",
      "data_version": "4.0",
      "description": {
        "description_data": [
          {
            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.\n\n"
          }
        ]
      },
      "generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
      },
      "impact": {
        "cvss": [
          {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        ]
      },
      "problemtype": {
        "problemtype_data": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-20",
                "lang": "eng",
                "value": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "references": {
        "reference_data": [
          {
            "name": "https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod"
          }
        ]
      },
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      }
    },
    "nvd.nist.gov": {
      "cve": {
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:zod:zod:3.22.2:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "4BE54383-C209-4101-B3EA-BC832CDAD214",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.\n\n"
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "Zod en su versi\u00f3n 3.22.2 permite a un atacante realizar una denegaci\u00f3n de servicio mientras valida correos electr\u00f3nicos"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2023-4316",
        "lastModified": "2024-04-04T16:15:07.953",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            },
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "help@fluidattacks.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2023-09-28T21:15:10.313",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "help@fluidattacks.com",
            "tags": [
              "Exploit",
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift"
          },
          {
            "source": "help@fluidattacks.com",
            "tags": [
              "Product"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "help@fluidattacks.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-1333"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          },
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-20"
              }
            ],
            "source": "help@fluidattacks.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2023-4316 (GCVE-0-2023-4316)

FKIE_CVE-2023-4316

GHSA-M95Q-7QP3-XV42

GSD-2023-4316

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Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour