CVE-2023-54237 (GCVE-0-2023-54237)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-30 12:11 – Updated: 2026-10-15 21:41
VLAI
Title
net/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link() There is a certain chance to trigger the following panic: PID: 5900 TASK: ffff88c1c8af4100 CPU: 1 COMMAND: "kworker/1:48" #0 [ffff9456c1cc79a0] machine_kexec at ffffffff870665b7 #1 [ffff9456c1cc79f0] __crash_kexec at ffffffff871b4c7a #2 [ffff9456c1cc7ab0] crash_kexec at ffffffff871b5b60 #3 [ffff9456c1cc7ac0] oops_end at ffffffff87026ce7 #4 [ffff9456c1cc7ae0] page_fault_oops at ffffffff87075715 #5 [ffff9456c1cc7b58] exc_page_fault at ffffffff87ad0654 #6 [ffff9456c1cc7b80] asm_exc_page_fault at ffffffff87c00b62 [exception RIP: ib_alloc_mr+19] RIP: ffffffffc0c9cce3 RSP: ffff9456c1cc7c38 RFLAGS: 00010202 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000002 RCX: 0000000000000004 RDX: 0000000000000010 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 RBP: ffff88c1ea281d00 R8: 000000020a34ffff R9: ffff88c1350bbb20 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000000000 R13: 0000000000000010 R14: ffff88c1ab040a50 R15: ffff88c1ea281d00 ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff CS: 0010 SS: 0018 #7 [ffff9456c1cc7c60] smc_ib_get_memory_region at ffffffffc0aff6df [smc] #8 [ffff9456c1cc7c88] smcr_buf_map_link at ffffffffc0b0278c [smc] #9 [ffff9456c1cc7ce0] __smc_buf_create at ffffffffc0b03586 [smc] The reason here is that when the server tries to create a second link, smc_llc_srv_add_link() has no protection and may add a new link to link group. This breaks the security environment protected by llc_conf_mutex.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 21:39 UTC
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6971 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 2d2209f2018943d4152a21eff5b76f1952e0b435 , < fe35c24b730d38b421da93ac5d493cb4495e8e54 (git)
Affected: 2d2209f2018943d4152a21eff5b76f1952e0b435 , < f2f46de98c11d41ac8d22765f47ba54ce5480a5b (git)
Affected: 2d2209f2018943d4152a21eff5b76f1952e0b435 , < 0c764cc271d3aa6528ae1b3394babf34ac01f775 (git)
Affected: 2d2209f2018943d4152a21eff5b76f1952e0b435 , < e40b801b3603a8f90b46acbacdea3505c27f01c0 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.270 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.16 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.2.3 , ≤ 6.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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                "id": "CVE-2023-54237",
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link()\n\nThere is a certain chance to trigger the following panic:\n\nPID: 5900   TASK: ffff88c1c8af4100  CPU: 1   COMMAND: \"kworker/1:48\"\n #0 [ffff9456c1cc79a0] machine_kexec at ffffffff870665b7\n #1 [ffff9456c1cc79f0] __crash_kexec at ffffffff871b4c7a\n #2 [ffff9456c1cc7ab0] crash_kexec at ffffffff871b5b60\n #3 [ffff9456c1cc7ac0] oops_end at ffffffff87026ce7\n #4 [ffff9456c1cc7ae0] page_fault_oops at ffffffff87075715\n #5 [ffff9456c1cc7b58] exc_page_fault at ffffffff87ad0654\n #6 [ffff9456c1cc7b80] asm_exc_page_fault at ffffffff87c00b62\n    [exception RIP: ib_alloc_mr+19]\n    RIP: ffffffffc0c9cce3  RSP: ffff9456c1cc7c38  RFLAGS: 00010202\n    RAX: 0000000000000000  RBX: 0000000000000002  RCX: 0000000000000004\n    RDX: 0000000000000010  RSI: 0000000000000000  RDI: 0000000000000000\n    RBP: ffff88c1ea281d00   R8: 000000020a34ffff   R9: ffff88c1350bbb20\n    R10: 0000000000000000  R11: 0000000000000001  R12: 0000000000000000\n    R13: 0000000000000010  R14: ffff88c1ab040a50  R15: ffff88c1ea281d00\n    ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff  CS: 0010  SS: 0018\n #7 [ffff9456c1cc7c60] smc_ib_get_memory_region at ffffffffc0aff6df [smc]\n #8 [ffff9456c1cc7c88] smcr_buf_map_link at ffffffffc0b0278c [smc]\n #9 [ffff9456c1cc7ce0] __smc_buf_create at ffffffffc0b03586 [smc]\n\nThe reason here is that when the server tries to create a second link,\nsmc_llc_srv_add_link() has no protection and may add a new link to\nlink group. This breaks the security environment protected by\nllc_conf_mutex."
        }
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            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable window is entered only from the SMC-R server listen worker (`smc_listen_work` \u2192 `smc_listen_rdma_finish` \u2192 `smcr_serv_conf_first_link`) in response to an inbound remote connection, and the racing LLC messages (ADD_LINK/DELETE_LINK) arrive from the remote peer over the RoCE fabric. SMC-Rv2/RoCEv2 traffic is IP-routable and the CLC handshake is plain TCP, so a remote peer reaches this code.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 it initiates the first-contact connection that enters the unprotected `smc_llc_srv_add_link()` window, and independently drives the concurrent `llc_conf_mutex` holders (parallel connections into the same link group doing `smcr_buf_map_usable_links()`, peer-sent DELETE_LINK, or induced link-down), with unlimited retries.\nPR:N - SMC has no authentication at any point in the CLC or LLC handshake; any peer able to complete an SMC-negotiated TCP connection to the listening socket reaches this code path pre-authentication.\nUI:N - The listen worker processes inbound SMC connections automatically with no action from any local user; the whole flow runs in kernel workqueue context.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel link-group and RDMA resource state within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Unsynchronized `smcr_link_init()`/`smcr_link_clear()` against `smcr_buf_map_usable_links()` yields use of freed/zeroed `ib_pd`, `ib_qp` and WR buffers and MRs registered against torn-down protection domains, memory corruption that can be leveraged to disclose kernel and RDMA buffer contents.\nI:H - Concurrent `smcr_link_clear()` on the same link is unguarded (`lnk-\u003eclearing` is a non-atomic bitfield), producing double `smc_ib_dealloc_protection_domain()`/`smc_ib_destroy_queue_pair()`/` smc_wr_free_link()` and a `memset()` of a live `struct smc_link` \u2014 double-free/use-after-free primitives usable for arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - The commit documents a reproducible kernel panic \u2014 page fault in `ib_alloc_mr()` with a NULL protection domain from `__smc_buf_create` \u2192 `smcr_buf_map_link` \u2192 `smc_ib_get_memory_region` \u2014 and the double-free paths crash the kernel as well."
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        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e40b801b3603a8f90b46acbacdea3505c27f01c0"
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      "title": "net/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link()",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54237",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-30T12:11:27.028Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-30T12:06:44.508Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:41:42.738Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link()\n\nThere is a certain chance to trigger the following panic:\n\nPID: 5900   TASK: ffff88c1c8af4100  CPU: 1   COMMAND: \"kworker/1:48\"\n #0 [ffff9456c1cc79a0] machine_kexec at ffffffff870665b7\n #1 [ffff9456c1cc79f0] __crash_kexec at ffffffff871b4c7a\n #2 [ffff9456c1cc7ab0] crash_kexec at ffffffff871b5b60\n #3 [ffff9456c1cc7ac0] oops_end at ffffffff87026ce7\n #4 [ffff9456c1cc7ae0] page_fault_oops at ffffffff87075715\n #5 [ffff9456c1cc7b58] exc_page_fault at ffffffff87ad0654\n #6 [ffff9456c1cc7b80] asm_exc_page_fault at ffffffff87c00b62\n    [exception RIP: ib_alloc_mr+19]\n    RIP: ffffffffc0c9cce3  RSP: ffff9456c1cc7c38  RFLAGS: 00010202\n    RAX: 0000000000000000  RBX: 0000000000000002  RCX: 0000000000000004\n    RDX: 0000000000000010  RSI: 0000000000000000  RDI: 0000000000000000\n    RBP: ffff88c1ea281d00   R8: 000000020a34ffff   R9: ffff88c1350bbb20\n    R10: 0000000000000000  R11: 0000000000000001  R12: 0000000000000000\n    R13: 0000000000000010  R14: ffff88c1ab040a50  R15: ffff88c1ea281d00\n    ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff  CS: 0010  SS: 0018\n #7 [ffff9456c1cc7c60] smc_ib_get_memory_region at ffffffffc0aff6df [smc]\n #8 [ffff9456c1cc7c88] smcr_buf_map_link at ffffffffc0b0278c [smc]\n #9 [ffff9456c1cc7ce0] __smc_buf_create at ffffffffc0b03586 [smc]\n\nThe reason here is that when the server tries to create a second link,\nsmc_llc_srv_add_link() has no protection and may add a new link to\nlink group. This breaks the security environment protected by\nllc_conf_mutex."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nnet/smc: corrige un p\u00e1nico potencial debido a smc_llc_srv_add_link() sin protecci\u00f3n\n\nExiste una cierta probabilidad de desencadenar el siguiente p\u00e1nico:\n\nPID: 5900   TASK: ffff88c1c8af4100  CPU: 1   COMMAND: \"kworker/1:48\"\n #0 [ffff9456c1cc79a0] machine_kexec at ffffffff870665b7\n #1 [ffff9456c1cc79f0] __crash_kexec at ffffffff871b4c7a\n #2 [ffff9456c1cc7ab0] crash_kexec at ffffffff871b5b60\n #3 [ffff9456c1cc7ac0] oops_end at ffffffff87026ce7\n #4 [ffff9456c1cc7ae0] page_fault_oops at ffffffff87075715\n #5 [ffff9456c1cc7b58] exc_page_fault at ffffffff87ad0654\n #6 [ffff9456c1cc7b80] asm_exc_page_fault at ffffffff87c00b62\n    [exception RIP: ib_alloc_mr+19]\n    RIP: ffffffffc0c9cce3  RSP: ffff9456c1cc7c38  RFLAGS: 00010202\n    RAX: 0000000000000000  RBX: 0000000000000002  RCX: 0000000000000004\n    RDX: 0000000000000010  RSI: 0000000000000000  RDI: 0000000000000000\n    RBP: ffff88c1ea281d00   R8: 000000020a34ffff   R9: ffff88c1350bbb20\n    R10: 0000000000000000  R11: 0000000000000001  R12: 0000000000000000\n    R13: 0000000000000010  R14: ffff88c1ab040a50  R15: ffff88c1ea281d00\n    ORIG_RAX: ffffffffffffffff  CS: 0010  SS: 0018\n #7 [ffff9456c1cc7c60] smc_ib_get_memory_region at ffffffffc0aff6df [smc]\n #8 [ffff9456c1cc7c88] smcr_buf_map_link at ffffffffc0b0278c [smc]\n #9 [ffff9456c1cc7ce0] __smc_buf_create at ffffffffc0b03586 [smc]\n\nLa raz\u00f3n aqu\u00ed es que cuando el servidor intenta crear un segundo enlace, smc_llc_srv_add_link() no tiene protecci\u00f3n y puede a\u00f1adir un nuevo enlace al grupo de enlaces. Esto rompe el entorno de seguridad protegido por llc_conf_mutex."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2023-54237",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-15T22:17:56.183",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 9.8,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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              "ssvcData": {
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                "options": [
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                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-15T21:39:39.742228Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
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          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-12-30T13:16:12.193",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c764cc271d3aa6528ae1b3394babf34ac01f775"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e40b801b3603a8f90b46acbacdea3505c27f01c0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f2f46de98c11d41ac8d22765f47ba54ce5480a5b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe35c24b730d38b421da93ac5d493cb4495e8e54"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-04T22:52:39+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-54237",
      "id": "CVE-2023-54237",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "303",
      "product_status:known_affected": "70",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "118",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: net/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-54237.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-10-16T13:20:09Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-54237",
      "id": "CVE-2023-54237",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-31T00:27:48Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "175",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "382",
      "product_status:recommended": "41",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2023-54237",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2025/cve-2023-54237.json",
      "version": "16"
    }
  }
}



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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.