CVE-2025-40258 (GCVE-0-2025-40258)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-04 16:08 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:08
VLAI
Title
mptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work() syzbot reported use-after-free in mptcp_schedule_work() [1] Issue here is that mptcp_schedule_work() schedules a work, then gets a refcount on sk->sk_refcnt if the work was scheduled. This refcount will be released by mptcp_worker(). [A] if (schedule_work(...)) { [B] sock_hold(sk); return true; } Problem is that mptcp_worker() can run immediately and complete before [B] We need instead : sock_hold(sk); if (schedule_work(...)) return true; sock_put(sk); [1] refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free. WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 29 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xfa/0x1d0 lib/refcount.c:25 Call Trace: <TASK> __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline] __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline] refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline] sock_hold include/net/sock.h:816 [inline] mptcp_schedule_work+0x164/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:943 mptcp_tout_timer+0x21/0xa0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2316 call_timer_fn+0x17e/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1747 expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1798 [inline] __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2372 [inline] __run_timer_base+0x648/0x970 kernel/time/timer.c:2384 run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2393 [inline] run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x180 kernel/time/timer.c:2403 handle_softirqs+0x22f/0x710 kernel/softirq.c:622 __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline] run_ktimerd+0xcf/0x190 kernel/softirq.c:1138 smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160 kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463 ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-16 19:42 UTC
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6641 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < f865e6595acf33083168db76921e66ace8bf0e5b (git)
Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < 99908e2d601236842d705d5fd04fb349577316f5 (git)
Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < db4f7968a75250ca6c4ed70d0a78beabb2dcee18 (git)
Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < 8f9ba1a99a89feef9b5867c15a0141a97e893309 (git)
Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < ac28dfddedf6f209190950fc71bcff65ec4ab47b (git)
Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < 3fc7723ed01d1130d4bf7063c50e0af60ecccbb4 (git)
Affected: 3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f , < 035bca3f017ee9dea3a5a756e77a6f7138cc6eea (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.7
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.7 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.247 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.197 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.159 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.118 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.60 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17.10 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Siemens RUGGEDCOM RST2428P Affected: 0 , < V4.0 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()\n\nsyzbot reported use-after-free in mptcp_schedule_work() [1]\n\nIssue here is that mptcp_schedule_work() schedules a work,\nthen gets a refcount on sk-\u003esk_refcnt if the work was scheduled.\nThis refcount will be released by mptcp_worker().\n\n[A] if (schedule_work(...)) {\n[B]     sock_hold(sk);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nProblem is that mptcp_worker() can run immediately and complete before [B]\n\nWe need instead :\n\n    sock_hold(sk);\n    if (schedule_work(...))\n        return true;\n    sock_put(sk);\n\n[1]\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 29 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xfa/0x1d0 lib/refcount.c:25\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline]\n  __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline]\n  refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline]\n  sock_hold include/net/sock.h:816 [inline]\n  mptcp_schedule_work+0x164/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:943\n  mptcp_tout_timer+0x21/0xa0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2316\n  call_timer_fn+0x17e/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1747\n  expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1798 [inline]\n  __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2372 [inline]\n  __run_timer_base+0x648/0x970 kernel/time/timer.c:2384\n  run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2393 [inline]\n  run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x180 kernel/time/timer.c:2403\n  handle_softirqs+0x22f/0x710 kernel/softirq.c:622\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]\n  run_ktimerd+0xcf/0x190 kernel/softirq.c:1138\n  smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160\n  kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463\n  ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158\n  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245"
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()\n\nsyzbot reported use-after-free in mptcp_schedule_work() [1]\n\nIssue here is that mptcp_schedule_work() schedules a work,\nthen gets a refcount on sk-\u003esk_refcnt if the work was scheduled.\nThis refcount will be released by mptcp_worker().\n\n[A] if (schedule_work(...)) {\n[B]     sock_hold(sk);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nProblem is that mptcp_worker() can run immediately and complete before [B]\n\nWe need instead :\n\n    sock_hold(sk);\n    if (schedule_work(...))\n        return true;\n    sock_put(sk);\n\n[1]\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 29 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xfa/0x1d0 lib/refcount.c:25\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline]\n  __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline]\n  refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline]\n  sock_hold include/net/sock.h:816 [inline]\n  mptcp_schedule_work+0x164/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:943\n  mptcp_tout_timer+0x21/0xa0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2316\n  call_timer_fn+0x17e/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1747\n  expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1798 [inline]\n  __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2372 [inline]\n  __run_timer_base+0x648/0x970 kernel/time/timer.c:2384\n  run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2393 [inline]\n  run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x180 kernel/time/timer.c:2403\n  handle_softirqs+0x22f/0x710 kernel/softirq.c:622\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]\n  run_ktimerd+0xcf/0x190 kernel/softirq.c:1138\n  smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160\n  kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463\n  ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158\n  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245"
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nmptcp: soluciona condici\u00f3n de carrera en mptcp_schedule_work()\n\nsyzbot inform\u00f3 uso despu\u00e9s de liberaci\u00f3n en mptcp_schedule_work() [1]\n\nEl problema aqu\u00ed es que mptcp_schedule_work() programa una tarea,\nluego obtiene un contador de referencias en sk-\u003esk_refcnt si la tarea fue programada.\nEste contador de referencias ser\u00e1 liberado por mptcp_worker().\n\n[A] if (schedule_work(...)) {\n[B]     sock_hold(sk);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nEl problema es que mptcp_worker() puede ejecutarse inmediatamente y completarse antes de [B]\n\nEn su lugar, necesitamos:\n\n    sock_hold(sk);\n    if (schedule_work(...))\n        return true;\n    sock_put(sk);\n\n[1]\nrefcount_t: adici\u00f3n en 0; uso despu\u00e9s de liberaci\u00f3n.\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 29 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xfa/0x1d0 lib/refcount.c:25\nTraza de Llamada:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline]\n  __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline]\n  refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline]\n  sock_hold include/net/sock.h:816 [inline]\n  mptcp_schedule_work+0x164/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:943\n  mptcp_tout_timer+0x21/0xa0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2316\n  call_timer_fn+0x17e/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1747\n  expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1798 [inline]\n  __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2372 [inline]\n  __run_timer_base+0x648/0x970 kernel/time/timer.c:2384\n  run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2393 [inline]\n  run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x180 kernel/time/timer.c:2403\n  handle_softirqs+0x22f/0x710 kernel/softirq.c:622\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]\n  run_ktimerd+0xcf/0x190 kernel/softirq.c:1138\n  smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160\n  kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463\n  ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158\n  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-40258",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-19T21:10:00.160",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
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              "cvssData": {
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                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
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                "baseScore": 9.8,
                "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
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              "impactScore": 5.9,
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                  {
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                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-16T19:42:15.474459Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
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        },
        "published": "2025-12-04T16:16:19.640",
        "references": [
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            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
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    },
    "redhat_vex": {
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      "current_release_date": "2026-11-05T15:18:28+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40258",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40258",
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      "product_status:fixed": "2230",
      "product_status:known_affected": "22",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "48",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: mptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40258.json",
      "version": "3"
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    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-01T01:16:00Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-40258",
      "id": "CVE-2025-40258",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-12-05T00:25:20Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "400",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "260",
      "product_status:recommended": "819",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-40258",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/2025/cve-2025-40258.json",
      "version": "59"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "affected": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unknown",
                "product": "RUGGEDCOM RST2428P",
                "vendor": "Siemens",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThan": "V4.0",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "custom"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-06-02T13:00:11.516Z",
              "orgId": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
              "shortName": "siemens-SADP"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html"
              }
            ],
            "x_adpType": "supplier"
          },
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-40258",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-06-16T19:42:15.474459Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:42:23.571Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/mptcp/protocol.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThan": "f865e6595acf33083168db76921e66ace8bf0e5b",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f",
                  "versionType": "git"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "99908e2d601236842d705d5fd04fb349577316f5",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "3b1d6210a9577369103330b0d802b0bf74b65e7f",
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                },
                {
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                  "status": "affected",
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                  "versionType": "git"
                },
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                  "status": "affected",
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                  "versionType": "git"
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                  "versionType": "git"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "defaultStatus": "affected",
              "product": "Linux",
              "programFiles": [
                "net/mptcp/protocol.c"
              ],
              "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
              "vendor": "Linux",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "5.7"
                },
                {
                  "lessThan": "5.7",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.10.247",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.197",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.159",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.6.118",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.12.60",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.17.10",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.18",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.247",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.7",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.197",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "5.7",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.159",
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                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
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                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
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          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()\n\nsyzbot reported use-after-free in mptcp_schedule_work() [1]\n\nIssue here is that mptcp_schedule_work() schedules a work,\nthen gets a refcount on sk-\u003esk_refcnt if the work was scheduled.\nThis refcount will be released by mptcp_worker().\n\n[A] if (schedule_work(...)) {\n[B]     sock_hold(sk);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nProblem is that mptcp_worker() can run immediately and complete before [B]\n\nWe need instead :\n\n    sock_hold(sk);\n    if (schedule_work(...))\n        return true;\n    sock_put(sk);\n\n[1]\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 29 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xfa/0x1d0 lib/refcount.c:25\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline]\n  __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline]\n  refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline]\n  sock_hold include/net/sock.h:816 [inline]\n  mptcp_schedule_work+0x164/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:943\n  mptcp_tout_timer+0x21/0xa0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2316\n  call_timer_fn+0x17e/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1747\n  expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1798 [inline]\n  __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2372 [inline]\n  __run_timer_base+0x648/0x970 kernel/time/timer.c:2384\n  run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2393 [inline]\n  run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x180 kernel/time/timer.c:2403\n  handle_softirqs+0x22f/0x710 kernel/softirq.c:622\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]\n  run_ktimerd+0xcf/0x190 kernel/softirq.c:1138\n  smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160\n  kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463\n  ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158\n  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245"
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:45:51.351Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
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          "references": [
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              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f865e6595acf33083168db76921e66ace8bf0e5b"
            },
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            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db4f7968a75250ca6c4ed70d0a78beabb2dcee18"
            },
            {
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              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3fc7723ed01d1130d4bf7063c50e0af60ecccbb4"
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            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/035bca3f017ee9dea3a5a756e77a6f7138cc6eea"
            }
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          "title": "mptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()",
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            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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      "cveMetadata": {
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        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-40258",
        "datePublished": "2025-12-04T16:08:19.176Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.182Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-16T19:42:29.618Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
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  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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Vulnerability timeline

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Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

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