CVE-2025-48385 (GCVE-0-2025-48385)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 18:23 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:11
VLAI
Title
Git alllows arbitrary file writes via bundle-uri parameter injection
Summary
Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When cloning a repository Git knows to optionally fetch a bundle advertised by the remote server, which allows the server-side to offload parts of the clone to a CDN. The Git client does not perform sufficient validation of the advertised bundles, which allows the remote side to perform protocol injection. This protocol injection can cause the client to write the fetched bundle to a location controlled by the adversary. The fetched content is fully controlled by the server, which can in the worst case lead to arbitrary code execution. The use of bundle URIs is not enabled by default and can be controlled by the bundle.heuristic config option. Some cases of the vulnerability require that the adversary is in control of where a repository will be cloned to. This either requires social engineering or a recursive clone with submodules. These cases can thus be avoided by disabling recursive clones. This vulnerability is fixed in v2.43.7, v2.44.4, v2.45.4, v2.46.4, v2.47.3, v2.48.2, v2.49.1, and v2.50.1.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
git git Affected: < 2.43.7
Affected: >= 2.44.0-rc0, < 2.44.4
Affected: >= 2.45.0-rc0, < 2.45.4
Affected: >= 2.46.0-rc0, < 2.46.4
Affected: >= 2.47.0-rc0, < 2.47.3
Affected: >= 2.48.0-rc0, < 2.48.2
Affected: >= 2.49.0-rc0, < 2.49.1
Affected: >= 2.50.0-rc0, < 2.50.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-48385",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-07-08T18:38:28.946672Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-07-08T18:38:41.309Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T21:11:01.641Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/08/4"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "git",
          "vendor": "git",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 2.43.7"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.44.0-rc0, \u003c 2.44.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.45.0-rc0, \u003c 2.45.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.46.0-rc0, \u003c 2.46.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.47.0-rc0, \u003c 2.47.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.48.0-rc0, \u003c 2.48.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.49.0-rc0, \u003c 2.49.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.50.0-rc0, \u003c 2.50.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When cloning a repository Git knows to optionally fetch a bundle advertised by the remote server, which allows the server-side to offload parts of the clone to a CDN. The Git client does not perform sufficient validation of the advertised bundles, which allows the remote side to perform protocol injection. This protocol injection can cause the client to write the fetched bundle to a location controlled by the adversary. The fetched content is fully controlled by the server, which can in the worst case lead to arbitrary code execution. The use of bundle URIs is not enabled by default and can be controlled by the bundle.heuristic config option. Some cases of the vulnerability require that the adversary is in control of where a repository will be cloned to. This either requires social engineering or a recursive clone with submodules. These cases can thus be avoided by disabling recursive clones. This vulnerability is fixed in v2.43.7, v2.44.4, v2.45.4, v2.46.4, v2.47.3, v2.48.2, v2.49.1, and v2.50.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.6,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-88",
              "description": "CWE-88: Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command (\u0027Argument Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-73",
              "description": "CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-07-08T18:23:44.405Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Git alllows arbitrary file writes via bundle-uri parameter injection"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-48385",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-08T18:23:44.405Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-05-19T15:46:00.397Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T21:11:01.641Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-48385",
      "date": "2026-06-06",
      "epss": "0.0019",
      "percentile": "0.40791"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-48385\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2025-07-08T19:15:43.097\",\"lastModified\":\"2025-11-04T22:16:16.913\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When cloning a repository Git knows to optionally fetch a bundle advertised by the remote server, which allows the server-side to offload parts of the clone to a CDN. The Git client does not perform sufficient validation of the advertised bundles, which allows the remote side to perform protocol injection. This protocol injection can cause the client to write the fetched bundle to a location controlled by the adversary. The fetched content is fully controlled by the server, which can in the worst case lead to arbitrary code execution. The use of bundle URIs is not enabled by default and can be controlled by the bundle.heuristic config option. Some cases of the vulnerability require that the adversary is in control of where a repository will be cloned to. This either requires social engineering or a recursive clone with submodules. These cases can thus be avoided by disabling recursive clones. This vulnerability is fixed in v2.43.7, v2.44.4, v2.45.4, v2.46.4, v2.47.3, v2.48.2, v2.49.1, and v2.50.1.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"Git es un sistema de control de revisiones distribuido, r\u00e1pido y escalable, con un conjunto de comandos excepcionalmente completo que proporciona operaciones de alto nivel y acceso completo a su funcionamiento interno. Al clonar un repositorio, Git puede obtener opcionalmente un paquete anunciado por el servidor remoto, lo que permite al servidor transferir partes del clon a una CDN. El cliente Git no realiza una validaci\u00f3n suficiente de los paquetes anunciados, lo que permite al servidor remoto realizar una inyecci\u00f3n de protocolo. Esta inyecci\u00f3n de protocolo puede provocar que el cliente escriba el paquete obtenido en una ubicaci\u00f3n controlada por el atacante. El contenido obtenido est\u00e1 totalmente controlado por el servidor, lo que, en el peor de los casos, puede provocar la ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo arbitrario. El uso de URI de paquete no est\u00e1 habilitado por defecto y se puede controlar mediante la opci\u00f3n de configuraci\u00f3n bundle.heuristic. En algunos casos de vulnerabilidad, el atacante debe controlar la ubicaci\u00f3n de clonaci\u00f3n de un repositorio. Esto requiere ingenier\u00eda social o una clonaci\u00f3n recursiva con subm\u00f3dulos. Por lo tanto, estos casos se pueden evitar deshabilitando las clonaciones recursivas. Esta vulnerabilidad se ha corregido en v2.43.7, v2.44.4, v2.45.4, v2.46.4, v2.47.3, v2.48.2, v2.49.1 y v2.50.1.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV40\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X\",\"baseScore\":8.6,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"attackRequirements\":\"NONE\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"ACTIVE\",\"vulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnIntegrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"vulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"subConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subAvailabilityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"exploitMaturity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"confidentialityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"integrityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"availabilityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackVector\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackComplexity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackRequirements\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedPrivilegesRequired\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedUserInteraction\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Safety\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Automatable\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Recovery\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"valueDensity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"providerUrgency\":\"NOT_DEFINED\"}}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-73\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-88\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\"},{\"url\":\"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/08/4\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CVE Program Container\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/08/4\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\", \"shortName\": \"CVE\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-04T21:11:01.641Z\"}}, {\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-48385\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-07-08T18:38:28.946672Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-07-08T18:38:32.833Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"Git alllows arbitrary file writes via bundle-uri parameter injection\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV4_0\": {\"version\": \"4.0\", \"baseScore\": 8.6, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N\", \"userInteraction\": \"ACTIVE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"git\", \"product\": \"git\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 2.43.7\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.44.0-rc0, \u003c 2.44.4\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.45.0-rc0, \u003c 2.45.4\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.46.0-rc0, \u003c 2.46.4\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.47.0-rc0, \u003c 2.47.3\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.48.0-rc0, \u003c 2.48.2\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.49.0-rc0, \u003c 2.49.1\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003e= 2.50.0-rc0, \u003c 2.50.1\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-m98c-vgpc-9655\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When cloning a repository Git knows to optionally fetch a bundle advertised by the remote server, which allows the server-side to offload parts of the clone to a CDN. The Git client does not perform sufficient validation of the advertised bundles, which allows the remote side to perform protocol injection. This protocol injection can cause the client to write the fetched bundle to a location controlled by the adversary. The fetched content is fully controlled by the server, which can in the worst case lead to arbitrary code execution. The use of bundle URIs is not enabled by default and can be controlled by the bundle.heuristic config option. Some cases of the vulnerability require that the adversary is in control of where a repository will be cloned to. This either requires social engineering or a recursive clone with submodules. These cases can thus be avoided by disabling recursive clones. This vulnerability is fixed in v2.43.7, v2.44.4, v2.45.4, v2.46.4, v2.47.3, v2.48.2, v2.49.1, and v2.50.1.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-88\", \"description\": \"CWE-88: Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command (\u0027Argument Injection\u0027)\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-73\", \"description\": \"CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-07-08T18:23:44.405Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-48385\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-11-04T21:11:01.641Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-05-19T15:46:00.397Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-07-08T18:23:44.405Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.