CVE-2026-40164 (GCVE-0-2026-40164)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-13 23:40 – Updated: 2026-09-01 12:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
jq: Algorithmic complexity DoS via hardcoded MurmurHash3 seed
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. Before commit 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784, jq used MurmurHash3 with a hardcoded, publicly visible seed (0x432A9843) for all JSON object hash table operations, which allowed an attacker to precompute key collisions offline. By supplying a crafted JSON object (~100 KB) where all keys hashed to the same bucket, hash table lookups degraded from O(1) to O(n), turning any jq expression into an O(n²) operation and causing significant CPU exhaustion. This affected common jq use cases such as CI/CD pipelines, web services, and data processing scripts, and was far more practical to exploit than existing heap overflow issues since it required only a small payload. This issue has been patched in commit 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-14 19:08 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
32 references
Impacted products
30 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| jqlang | jq |
Affected:
< 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784
|
guessed | |
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:1.7.1-11.el10_1.0.2 , < *
(rpm)
Unaffected: 0:1.7.1-11.el10_2.2 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1 cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.7.1-8.el10_0.3 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-12.el8_10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.5-12.el8_4.5 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
0:1.5-12.el8_4.5 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-3.el8_6.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-3.el8_6.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.6 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-3.el8_6.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.6 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-6.el8_8.4 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-6.el8_8.4 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-19.el9_7.0.2 , < *
(rpm)
Unaffected: 0:1.6-19.el9_8.2 , < * (rpm) cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-12.el9_0.3 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-15.el9_2.3 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-16.el9_4.2 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.4 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:1.6-17.el9_6.4 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12 |
Unaffected:
412.86.202606140301-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.12::el8 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13 |
Unaffected:
413.92.202606160406-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14 |
Unaffected:
414.92.202606231112-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.14::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15 |
Unaffected:
415.92.202606030318-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 |
Unaffected:
416.94.202606051757-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 |
Unaffected:
417.94.202606250942-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.17::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18 |
Unaffected:
418.94.202606051320-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 |
Unaffected:
4.19.9.6.202606031700-0 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 |
Unaffected:
1780681984 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1782352950 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1782352919 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1782353093 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 |
Unaffected:
1782352847 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.3::el9 |
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
1.8.1-3.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
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"datePublic": "2026-04-13T23:40:12.693Z",
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"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
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"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-328",
"description": "CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-407",
"description": "CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T23:40:12.693Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/jqlang/jq/security/advisories/GHSA-wwj8-gxm6-jc29",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jqlang/jq/security/advisories/GHSA-wwj8-gxm6-jc29"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/jqlang/jq/commit/0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jqlang/jq/commit/0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-wwj8-gxm6-jc29",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "jq: Algorithmic complexity DoS via hardcoded MurmurHash3 seed"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-40164",
"datePublished": "2026-04-13T23:40:12.693Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-09T19:31:56.014Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-01T12:04:42.735Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Solutions
ADP · redhat-SADP
RHSA-2026:26528: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12
RHSA-2026:26542: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13
RHSA-2026:28887: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.14
RHSA-2026:23233: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15
RHSA-2026:25044: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16
RHSA-2026:34098: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.17
RHSA-2026:25181: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18
RHSA-2026:23245: Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19
RHSA-2026:16252: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8)
RHSA-2026:18048: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4), Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)
RHSA-2026:18047: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6), Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6), Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6)
RHSA-2026:18046: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8), Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)
RHSA-2026:18045: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)
RHSA-2026:18044: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)
RHSA-2026:18040: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0)
RHSA-2026:16692: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10)
RHSA-2026:19151: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 10), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10)
RHSA-2026:18043: Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.4), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4)
RHSA-2026:18042: Red Hat CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v.9.6), Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6)
RHSA-2026:16693: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9)
RHSA-2026:19365: Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 9)
RHSA-2026:25096: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2
RHSA-2026:30078: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3
RHSA-2026:30089: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3
RHSA-2026:30088: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3
RHSA-2026:30087: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3
RHSA-2026:8579: Red Hat Hardened Images
Workarounds
ADP · redhat-SADP
Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.