Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-40261 (GCVE-0-2026-40261)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-15 20:56 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:01

Title

Composer has Command Injection via Malicious Perforce Reference

Summary

Composer is a dependency manager for PHP. Versions 1.0 through 2.2.26 and 2.3 through 2.9.5 contain a command injection vulnerability in the Perforce::syncCodeBase() method, which appends the $sourceReference parameter to a shell command without proper escaping, and additionally in the Perforce::generateP4Command() method as in GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p / CVE-2026-40176, which interpolates user-supplied Perforce connection parameters (port, user, client) from the source url field without proper escaping. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands through crafted source reference or source url values containing shell metacharacters, even if Perforce is not installed. Unlike CVE-2026-40176, the source reference and url are provided as part of package metadata, meaning any compromised or malicious Composer repository can serve package metadata declaring perforce as a source type with malicious values. This vulnerability is exploitable when installing or updating dependencies from source, including the default behavior when installing dev-prefixed versions. This issue has been fixed in Composer 2.2.27 (2.2 LTS) and 2.9.6 (mainline). If developers are unable to immediately update, they can avoid installing dependencies from source by using --prefer-dist or the preferred-install: dist config setting, and only use trusted Composer repositories as a workaround.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation

Assigner

GitHub_M

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/composer/composer/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/composer/composer/releases/tag/2.9.6	x_refsource_MISC
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40261	vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458841	issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v…	x_sadp-csaf-vex
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8165	vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
composer	composer	Affected: >= 2.3.0, < 2.9.6 Affected: >= 1.0.0, < 2.2.27
Red Hat	Red Hat Hardened Images	Unaffected: 2.9.7-1.hum1 , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1

Show details on NVD website

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WID-SEC-W-2026-1128

Vulnerability from csaf_certbund - Published: 2026-04-14 22:00 - Updated: 2026-05-18 22:00

Summary

Composer: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Codeausführung

Severity

Hoch

Notes

Das BSI ist als Anbieter für die eigenen, zur Nutzung bereitgestellten Inhalte nach den allgemeinen Gesetzen verantwortlich. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer sind jedoch dafür verantwortlich, die Verwendung und/oder die Umsetzung der mit den Inhalten bereitgestellten Informationen sorgfältig im Einzelfall zu prüfen.

Produktbeschreibung: Composer ist ein Open-Source-Abhängigkeitsmanager für PHP-Projekte.

Angriff: Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Composer ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.

Betroffene Betriebssysteme: - Sonstiges

CVE-2026-40176

Affected products

Known affected 3 products

Product	Identifier	Version
SUSE Linux SUSE	`cpe:/o:suse:suse_linux:-`	—
Open Source Composer <2.9.6 Open Source / Composer		<2.9.6
Open Source Composer LTS <2.2.27 Open Source / Composer		LTS <2.2.27

CVE-2026-40261

Affected products

Known affected 3 products

Product	Identifier	Version
SUSE Linux SUSE	`cpe:/o:suse:suse_linux:-`	—
Open Source Composer <2.9.6 Open Source / Composer		<2.9.6
Open Source Composer LTS <2.2.27 Open Source / Composer		LTS <2.2.27

References

7 references

URL	Category
https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2…	self
https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvis…	self
https://github.com/composer/composer/security/adv…	external
https://github.com/composer/composer/security/adv…	external
https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-upd…	external
https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-upd…	external
https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-upd…	external

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "document": {
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "text": "hoch"
    },
    "category": "csaf_base",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "de-DE",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "Das BSI ist als Anbieter f\u00fcr die eigenen, zur Nutzung bereitgestellten Inhalte nach den allgemeinen Gesetzen verantwortlich. Nutzerinnen und Nutzer sind jedoch daf\u00fcr verantwortlich, die Verwendung und/oder die Umsetzung der mit den Inhalten bereitgestellten Informationen sorgf\u00e4ltig im Einzelfall zu pr\u00fcfen."
      },
      {
        "category": "description",
        "text": "Composer ist ein Open-Source-Abh\u00e4ngigkeitsmanager f\u00fcr PHP-Projekte.",
        "title": "Produktbeschreibung"
      },
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Composer ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuf\u00fchren.",
        "title": "Angriff"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "- Sonstiges",
        "title": "Betroffene Betriebssysteme"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "other",
      "contact_details": "csaf-provider@cert-bund.de",
      "name": "Bundesamt f\u00fcr Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik",
      "namespace": "https://www.bsi.bund.de"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-W-2026-1128 - CSAF Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/.well-known/csaf/white/2026/wid-sec-w-2026-1128.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "WID-SEC-2026-1128 - Portal Version",
        "url": "https://wid.cert-bund.de/portal/wid/securityadvisory?name=WID-SEC-2026-1128"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q vom 2026-04-14",
        "url": "https://github.com/composer/composer/security/advisories/GHSA-gqw4-4w2p-838q"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p vom 2026-04-14",
        "url": "https://github.com/composer/composer/security/advisories/GHSA-wg36-wvj6-r67p"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "SUSE Security Update SUSE-SU-2026:1784-1 vom 2026-05-11",
        "url": "https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-May/025999.html"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "SUSE Security Update SUSE-SU-2026:21542-1 vom 2026-05-11",
        "url": "https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-May/025975.html"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "SUSE Security Update SUSE-SU-2026:1970-1 vom 2026-05-18",
        "url": "https://lists.suse.com/pipermail/sle-security-updates/2026-May/026126.html"
      }
    ],
    "source_lang": "en-US",
    "title": "Composer: Mehrere Schwachstellen erm\u00f6glichen Codeausf\u00fchrung",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-05-18T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2026-05-19T08:37:28.313+00:00",
        "engine": {
          "name": "BSI-WID",
          "version": "1.5.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "WID-SEC-W-2026-1128",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-04-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2026-04-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initiale Fassung"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-04-15T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Referenz(en) aufgenommen: EUVD-2026-23118, EUVD-2026-23119"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-05-10T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "3",
          "summary": "Neue Updates von SUSE aufgenommen"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-05-18T22:00:00.000+00:00",
          "number": "4",
          "summary": "Neue Updates von SUSE aufgenommen"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "4"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003c2.9.6",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Open Source Composer \u003c2.9.6",
                  "product_id": "T052865"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "2.9.6",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Open Source Composer 2.9.6",
                  "product_id": "T052865-fixed",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/a:getcomposer:composer:2.9.6"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "LTS \u003c2.2.27",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Open Source Composer LTS \u003c2.2.27",
                  "product_id": "T052866"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "LTS 2.2.27",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Open Source Composer LTS 2.2.27",
                  "product_id": "T052866-fixed",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/a:getcomposer:composer:lts__2.2.27"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Composer"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Open Source"
      },
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "SUSE Linux",
            "product": {
              "name": "SUSE Linux",
              "product_id": "T002207",
              "product_identification_helper": {
                "cpe": "cpe:/o:suse:suse_linux:-"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "SUSE"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-40176",
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "T002207",
          "T052865",
          "T052866"
        ]
      },
      "release_date": "2026-04-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "title": "CVE-2026-40176"
    },
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-40261",
      "product_status": {
        "known_affected": [
          "T002207",
          "T052865",
          "T052866"
        ]
      },
      "release_date": "2026-04-14T22:00:00.000+00:00",
      "title": "CVE-2026-40261"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-40261 (GCVE-0-2026-40261)

WID-SEC-W-2026-1128

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature