CVE-2026-49456 (GCVE-0-2026-49456)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 18:15 – Updated: 2026-09-03 18:29
VLAI
Title
Waku: Open Redirect via `unstable_redirect` Helper
Summary
Waku is the minimal React framework. Prior to version 1.0.0-beta.1, the unstable_redirect() helper exported from waku/router/server (packages/waku/src/router/define-router.tsx:156–161) accepts an arbitrary string and reflects it unchanged into the HTTP Location response header with no URL validation, scheme restriction, or path-only enforcement. Any application that passes user-controlled input to this helper — the natural pattern documented in the JSDoc and official fixtures — is vulnerable to open redirect attacks. An attacker who convinces a victim to click a crafted link can silently redirect the browser to an arbitrary external domain, enabling phishing, credential harvesting, and OAuth token theft. Additionally, scheme-relative URLs (//evil.example/) bypass naive https?://-only allow-list filters that developers might add as ad-hoc mitigations. This issue has been patched in version 1.0.0-beta.1.
Severity
3.1 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 18:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7797 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
wakujs waku Affected: < 1.0.0-beta.1
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-49456",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-03T18:28:38.059018Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T18:29:02.239Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "waku",
          "vendor": "wakujs",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.0.0-beta.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Waku is the minimal React framework. Prior to version 1.0.0-beta.1, the unstable_redirect() helper exported from waku/router/server (packages/waku/src/router/define-router.tsx:156\u2013161) accepts an arbitrary string and reflects it unchanged into the HTTP Location response header with no URL validation, scheme restriction, or path-only enforcement. Any application that passes user-controlled input to this helper \u2014 the natural pattern documented in the JSDoc and official fixtures \u2014 is vulnerable to open redirect attacks. An attacker who convinces a victim to click a crafted link can silently redirect the browser to an arbitrary external domain, enabling phishing, credential harvesting, and OAuth token theft. Additionally, scheme-relative URLs (//evil.example/) bypass naive https?://-only allow-list filters that developers might add as ad-hoc mitigations. This issue has been patched in version 1.0.0-beta.1."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 3.1,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-601",
              "description": "CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T18:15:54.213Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/security/advisories/GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/security/advisories/GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/pull/2090",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/pull/2090"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/releases/tag/v1.0.0-beta.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/releases/tag/v1.0.0-beta.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Waku: Open Redirect via `unstable_redirect` Helper"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-49456",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-03T18:15:54.213Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-30T02:43:33.107Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T18:29:02.239Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-49456",
      "date": "2026-10-26",
      "epss": "0.00398",
      "percentile": "0.33739"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "waku",
                "vendor": "wakujs",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003c 1.0.0-beta.1"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Waku is the minimal React framework. Prior to version 1.0.0-beta.1, the unstable_redirect() helper exported from waku/router/server (packages/waku/src/router/define-router.tsx:156\u2013161) accepts an arbitrary string and reflects it unchanged into the HTTP Location response header with no URL validation, scheme restriction, or path-only enforcement. Any application that passes user-controlled input to this helper \u2014 the natural pattern documented in the JSDoc and official fixtures \u2014 is vulnerable to open redirect attacks. An attacker who convinces a victim to click a crafted link can silently redirect the browser to an arbitrary external domain, enabling phishing, credential harvesting, and OAuth token theft. Additionally, scheme-relative URLs (//evil.example/) bypass naive https?://-only allow-list filters that developers might add as ad-hoc mitigations. This issue has been patched in version 1.0.0-beta.1."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-49456",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-09T20:20:21.673",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 3.1,
                "baseSeverity": "LOW",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.6,
              "impactScore": 1.4,
              "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-49456",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-03T18:28:38.059018Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-09-03T19:17:28.250",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/pull/2090"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/releases/tag/v1.0.0-beta.1"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/security/advisories/GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-601"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2026-49456",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-09-03T18:28:38.059018Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T18:28:59.445Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "product": "waku",
              "vendor": "wakujs",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "\u003c 1.0.0-beta.1"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Waku is the minimal React framework. Prior to version 1.0.0-beta.1, the unstable_redirect() helper exported from waku/router/server (packages/waku/src/router/define-router.tsx:156\u2013161) accepts an arbitrary string and reflects it unchanged into the HTTP Location response header with no URL validation, scheme restriction, or path-only enforcement. Any application that passes user-controlled input to this helper \u2014 the natural pattern documented in the JSDoc and official fixtures \u2014 is vulnerable to open redirect attacks. An attacker who convinces a victim to click a crafted link can silently redirect the browser to an arbitrary external domain, enabling phishing, credential harvesting, and OAuth token theft. Additionally, scheme-relative URLs (//evil.example/) bypass naive https?://-only allow-list filters that developers might add as ad-hoc mitigations. This issue has been patched in version 1.0.0-beta.1."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 3.1,
                "baseSeverity": "LOW",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-601",
                  "description": "CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T18:15:54.213Z",
            "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
            "shortName": "GitHub_M"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/security/advisories/GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/security/advisories/GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/pull/2090",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_MISC"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/pull/2090"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/releases/tag/v1.0.0-beta.1",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_MISC"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/wakujs/waku/releases/tag/v1.0.0-beta.1"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "advisory": "GHSA-43fc-v873-qw85",
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "Waku: Open Redirect via `unstable_redirect` Helper"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-49456",
        "datePublished": "2026-09-03T18:15:54.213Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-05-30T02:43:33.107Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T18:29:02.239Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.